Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Opioid Peptides

  • Chapter
Recent Developments in Alcoholism

Part of the book series: Recent Developments in Alcoholism ((RDIA,volume 11))

Abstract

A large body of evidence indicates that the endogenous opioid system plays an important role in maintaining alcohol drinking behavior. Research is reviewed indicating that the reinforcing properties of alcohol which lead to continued and repeated bouts of drinking are due, in part, to alcohol-induced activation of the endogenous opioid system. Opioid receptor antagonists decrease alcohol craving, alcohol consumption, and loss of control over drinking. The potential of opioid receptor antagonists to improve treatment outcome in comprehensive relapse prevention programs is discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Falk JL, Samson HH, Winger G: Behavioral maintenance of high concentrations of blood ethanol and physical dependence in the rat. Science 177:811–813, 1972.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Gill K, France C, Amit Z: Voluntary ethanol consumption in rats: An examination of blood/brain ethanol levels and behavior. Alcoholism Clin Exp Res 10:457–462, 1986.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Samson HH: Initiation of ethanol reinforcement using a sucrose-substitution procedure in food-and water-sated rats. Alcoholism Clin Exp Res 10:436–442, 1986.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Eriksson K: Genetic selection for voluntary alcohol consumption in the albino rat. Science 159:739–741 1968.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Lumeng L, Hawkins TD, Li T-K: New strains of rats with alcohol preference and nonpreference, in Thurman RG, Williamson JR, Drott HR, et al (eds): Alcohol and Aldehyde Metabolizing System. New York, Academic Press, 1977. vol III, pp 537–544.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Mardones J, Segovia-Riquelme N: Thirty-two years of selection of rats by ethanol preference: UChA and UChB strains. Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol 5:171–178, 1983.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Eriksson K: Rat strains specially selected for their voluntary alcohol consumption. Ann Med Exp Biol Venn 49:67–72, 1971.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Eriksson K, Rusi M: Finnish selection studies on alcohol-related behaviors: General outline, in McClearn GE, Deitrich RA, Erwin VG (eds): Development of Animal Models as Pharmacogenetic Tools. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Research Monograph 6. Washington, DC, US Government Printing Office, 1981. pp 87–117.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Li T-K, Lumeng L, McBride WJ, et al: Progress toward a voluntary oral consumption model of alcoholism. Drug Alcohol Depend 4:45–60, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Li T-K, Lumeng L, McBride WJ, et al: Indiana selection studies on alcohol-related behaviors, in McClearn GE, Deitrich RA, Erwin VG (eds): Development of Animal Models as Pharmacogenetic Tools. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Research Monograph 6. Washington, DC, US Government Printing Office, 1981. pp 171–191.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Lumeng L, Doolittle DP, Li T-K: New duplicate lines of rats that differ in voluntary alcohol consumption. Alcohol Alcoholism 21:A37, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Lumeng L, Li T-K, McBride WJ, et al: Mechanism(s) of modulation of alcohol consumption: Studies on the P and NP rats, in Sun GY, Rudeen PK, Wood WG, et al (eds): Molecular Mechanisms of Alcohol. Clifton, NJ, Humana Press, 1989. pp 359–370.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. Li T-K, Lumeng L, Doolittle DP, et al: Behavioral and neurochemical associations of alcohol-seeking behavior, in Kuriyama K, Takada A, Ishii H (eds): Biomedical and Social Aspects of Alcohol and Alcoholism. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1988. pp 435–438.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Li T-K, Lumeng L, Froehlich JC, et al: Genetic influence on response to the reinforcing properties of ethanol in rats, in Kuriyama K, Takada A, Ishii H (eds): Biomedical and Social Aspects of Alcohol and Alcoholism. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1988. pp 487–490.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Li T-K, Lumeng L, McBride WJ, et al: Pharmacology of alcohol preference in rodents, in Gordis E, Tabakoff B, Linnoila M, et al (eds): Advances in Alcohol and Substance Abuse, ed 7. New York, Haworth Press, 1988. pp 73–86.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Lester D, Freed EX: Criteria for an animal model of alcoholism. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1:103–107, 1973.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Froehlich JC, Li T-K: Enkephalinergic involvement in voluntary drinking of alcohol, in Reid LD (ed): Opioids, Bulimia, and Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1990. pp 217–228.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Froehlich JC, Li T-K: Animal models for the study of alcoholism: Utility of selected lines. J Addict Dis 10:61–71, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Waller MB, McBride WJ, Lumeng L, et al: Induction of dependence on ethanol by free-choice drinking in alcohol-preferring rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 16:501–507, 1982.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Murphy JM, Gatto GJ, Waller MB, et al: Effects of scheduled access on ethanol intake by the alcohol-preferring P line of rats. Alcohol 3:331–336, 1986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Waller MB, McBride WJ, Gatto GJ, et al: Intragastric self-infusion of ethanol by ethanol-preferring and-nonpreferring lines of rats. Science 225:78–80, 1984.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Penn PE, McBride WJ, Lumeng L, et al: Neurochemical and operant behavioral studies of a strain of alcohol-preferring rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 8:475–481, 1978.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Murphy JM, Gatto GJ, McBride WJ, et al: Operant responding for oral ethanol in the alcohol-preferring P and alcohol-nonpreferring NP lines of rats. Alcohol 6:127–131, 1989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Waller MB, McBride WJ, Lumeng L, et al: Initial sensitivity and acute tolerance to ethanol in the P and NP lines of rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 19:683–686, 1983.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Gatto GJ, Murphy JM, Waller MB, et al: Chronic ethanol tolerance through free-choice drinking in the P line of alcohol-preferring rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 28:111–115, 1987.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Gatto GJ, Murphy JM, Waller MB, et al: Persistence of tolerance to a single dose of ethanol in the selectively-bred alcohol-preferring P rat. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 28:105–110, 1987.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Meyer RE: Prospects for a rational pharmacotherapy of alcoholism. J Clin Psychiatry 50:403–412, 1989.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Froehlich JC, Harts J, Lumeng L, et al: Naloxone attenuation of voluntary alcohol consumption. Alcohol Alcoholism 1:333–337, 1987.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Froehlich JC, Harts J, Lumeng L, et al: Naloxone attenuates voluntary ethanol intake in rats selectively bred for high ethanol preference. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 35:385–390, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Froehlich JC, Zweifel M, Harts J, et al: Importance of delta opioid receptors in maintaining high alcohol drinking. Psychopharmacology 103:467–472, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Blum K, Futterman S, Wallace JE, et al: Naloxone-induced inhibition of ethanol dependence in mice. Nature 265:49–51, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Altshuler HL, Phillips PE, Feinhandler DA: Alteration of ethanol self-administration by naltrexone. Life Sci 26:679–688, 1980.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Altshuler HK, Shippenberg TS: Tetrahydroisoquinoline and opioid substrates of alcohol actions. Prog Clin Bid Res 90:329–344, 1982.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Marfaing-Jallat P, Miceli D, LeMagnen J: Decrease in ethanol consumption by naloxone in naive and dependent rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 18:537–539, 1983.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Martin A, Pilotto R, Singer G, et al: The suppression of ethanol self injection by buprenorphine. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 19:985–986, 1983.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Sinden JD, Marfaing-Jallat P, LeMagnen J: The effect of naloxone on intragastric ethanol self-administration. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 19:1045–1048, 1983.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Samson HH, Doyle TF: Oral ethanol self-administration in the rat: Effect of naloxone. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 22:91–99, 1985.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Hubbell CL, Czirr SA, Hunter GA, et al: Consumption of ethanol solution is potentiated by morphine and attenuated by naloxone persistently across repeated daily administrations. Alcohol 3:39–54, 1986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Myers RD, Borg S, Mossberg R: Antagonism by naltrexone of voluntary alcohol selection in the chronically drinking macaque monkey. Alcohol 3:383–388, 1986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Volpicelli JR, Davis MA, Olgin JE: Naltrexone blocks the post-shock increase of ethanol consumption. Life Sci 38:841–847, 1986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Pulvirenti L, Kastin AJ: Naloxone, but not Tyr-MIF-1, reduces volitional ethanol drinking in rats: Correlation with degree of spontaneous preference. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 31:129–134, 1988.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Reid LD, Delconte JD, Nichols ML, et al: Tests of opioid deficiency hypotheses of alcoholism. Alcohol 8:247–257, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Beaman CM, Hunter GA, Dunn LL, et al: Opioids, benzodiazepines and intake of ethanol. Alcohol 1:39–42, 1984.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Reid LD, Hunter GA: Morphine and naloxone modulate intake of ethanol. Alcohol 1:33–37, 1984.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Hubbell CL, Czirr SA, Reid LD: Persistence and specificity of small doses of morphine on intake of alcoholic beverages. Alcohol 4:149–156, 1987.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Reid LD: Summary, in Reid LD (ed): Opioids, Bulimia, and Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1990. pp 289–304.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Hubbell CL, Marglin SH, Spitalnic SJ, et al: Opioidergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic manipulations and rats’ intake of a sweetened alcoholic beverage. Alcohol 8:355–367, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Sinclair JD, Adkins J, Walker S: Morphine-induced suppression of voluntary alcohol drinking in rats. Nature 246:425–427, 1973.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Sinclair JD: Morphine suppresses alcohol drinking regardless of prior alcohol access duration. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2:409–412, 1974.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Ho AKS, Chen RCA, Morrison JM: Interactions of narcotics, narcotic antagonists, and ethanol during acute, chronic, and withdrawal states. Ann NY Acad Sci 281:297–310, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Ho AKS: Ethanol preference, withdrawal and toxicities: Modification by pharmacologic agents, in Eriksson K, Sinclair JD, Kiianmaa K (eds): Animal Models in Alcohol Research. New York, Academic Press, 1980. pp 173–178.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Sinclair JD, Rusi M, Airaksinen MM, et al: Relating TIQ’s, opiates, and ethanol. Prog Clin Biol Res 90:365–376, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Volpicelli JR, Ulm RR, Hopson N: Alcohol drinking in rats during and following morphine injections. Alcohol 8:289–292, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Ross D, Hartmann RJ, Geller I: Ethanol preference in the hamster: Effects of morphine sulfate and naltrexone, a long-acting morphine antagonist. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 19:326–330, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Ho AKS: Interaction of alcohol and narcotics, in Messiha FS, Tyner GS (eds): Alcoholism: A Perspective. Westbury, NY, PJD Publications, 1980. pp 309–327.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Sandi C, Borrell J, Guaza C: Involvement of kappa type opioids on ethanol drinking. Life Sci 42:1067–1075, 1988.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Ho AKS, Rossi N: Suppression of ethanol consumption by MET-enkephalin in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 34:118–119, 1982.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Sandi C, Borrell J, Guaza C: D-Ala2-Met5-enkephalinamide impairs the acquisition of ethanol preference without influencing sucrose preference. Physiol Behav 48:435–439, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. George SR, Roldan L, Lui A, et al: Endogenous opioids are involved in the genetically determined high preference for ethanol consumption. Alcoholism Clin Exp Res 15:668–672, 1991.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Siegel S: Alcohol and opiate dependence: Re-evaluation of the Victorian perspective, in Cappell HD, Glaser FB, Israel Y, et al (eds): Research Advances in Alcohol and Drug Problems. New York, Plenum Press, 1986. vol 9, pp 279–314.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  61. Blum K, Wallace JE, Eubanks JD, et al: Effects of naloxone on ethanol withdrawal, preference and narcosis. Pharmacologist 17:197, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Blum K, Hamilton MG, Wallace JE: Alcohol and opiates: A review of common neurochemical and behavioral mechanisms, in Blum K (ed): Alcohol and Opiates: Neurochemical and Behavioral Mechanisms. New York, Academic Press, 1977. pp 203–236.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Ho AK, Ho CC: Toxic interactions of ethanol with other central depressants: Antagonism by naloxone to narcosis and lethality. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 11:111–114, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Boada J, Feria M, Sanz E: Inhibitory effect of naloxone on the ethanol-induced antinociception in mice. Pharmacol Res Commun 13:673–678, 1981.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Kiianmaa K, Hoffman PL, Tabakoff B: Antagonism of the behavioral effects of ethanol by naltrexone in BALB/c, C57BL/6, and DBA/2 mice. Psychopharmacology 79:291–294, 1983.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Berman RF, Lee JA, Olson KL, et al: Effects of naloxone on ethanol dependence in rats. Drug Alcohol Depend 13:245–254, 1984.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Mendelson JH, Albeck J: Naloxone modification of acute alcohol intoxication in humans, in Committee on Problems of Drug Dependence. Proceedings of 39th Annual Science Meeting. Cambridge, Mass, 1977, pp 572-582.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Jeffcoate WJ, Cullen MH, Herbert M, et al: Prevention of effects of alcohol intoxication by naloxone. Lancet 2:1157–1159, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Ewing JA, Mills KC, Bisgrove EZ, et al: Selective attenuation of ethanol-induced performance impairment by naloxone in humans. Adv Alcohol Substance Abuse 3:47–59, 1984.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Catley DM, Jordan C, Frith CD, et al: Alcohol-induced discoordination is not reversed by naloxone. Psychopharmacology 75:65–68, 1981.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Catley DM, Lehane JR, Jones JG: Failure of naloxone to reverse alcohol intoxication. Lancet 1: 1263, 1981.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Jeffcoate WJ, Hastings AG, Cullen MH, et al: Naloxone and ethanol antagonism. Lancet 1:1052, 1981.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Mattila MJ, Nuotto E, Seppala T: Naloxone is not an effective antagonist of ethanol. Lancet 1:775–776, 1981.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Bird KD, Chesher GB, Perl J, et al: Naloxone has no effect on ethanol-induced impairment of psychomotor performance in man. Psychopharmacology 76:193–197, 1982.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Nuotto E, Palva ES, Seppala T: Naloxone-ethanol interaction in experimental and clinical situations. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 54:278–284, 1984.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Soren SC, Mattison KW: Naloxone as an antagonist in severe alcohol intoxication. Lancet 2:688–689, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  77. MacKenzie AI: Naloxone in alcohol intoxication. Lancet 1:733–734, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Jeffreys DB, Flanagan RJ, Volans GN: Reversal of ethanol-induced coma with naloxone. Lancet 1:308–309, 1980.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. Barros S, Rodriguez JG: Naloxone as an antagonist in alcohol intoxication. Anesthesiology 54:174, 1981.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Lyon LJ, Antony J: Reversal of alcoholic coma by naloxone. Ann Intern Med 96:464–465, 1982.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Michiels TM, Light RW, Mahutte CK: Naloxone reverses ethanol-induced depression of hypercapnic drive. Am Rev Respir Dis 128:823–826, 1983.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Schulz R, Wuster M, Duka T, et al: Acute and chronic ethanol treatment changes endorphin levels in brain and pituitary. Psychopharmacology 68:221–227, 1980.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Gianoulakis C, Chan JSD, Kalant H, et al: Chronic ethanol treatment alters the biosynthesis of beta-endorphin by the rat neurointermediate lobe. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 61:967–976, 1983.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Seizinger BR, Bovermann K, Hollt V, et al: Enhanced activity of the beta-endorphinergic system in the anterior and neurointermediate lobe of the rat pituitary after chronic treatment with ethanol liquid diet. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 230:455–461, 1984.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Wilkinson CW, Crabbe JC, Keith D, et al: Influence of ethanol dependence on regional brain content of β-endorphin in the mouse. Brain Res 378:107–114, 1986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Seizinger BR, Bovermann K, Maysinger D, et al: Differential effects of acute and chronic ethanol treatment on particular opioid peptide systems in discrete regions of rat brain and pituitary. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 18:361–369, 1983.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. McGivern RF, Clancy AN, Mousa S, et al: Prenatal alcohol exposure alters enkephalin levels, without affecting ethanol preference. Life Sci 34:585–589, 1984.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Cheng SS, Tseng LF: Chronic administration of ethanol on pituitary and hypothalamic β-endorphin in rats and golden hamsters. Pharmacol Res Commun 14:1001–1008, 1982.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Ryder S, Straus E, Lieber CS, et al: Cholecystokinin and enkephalin levels following ethanol administration in rats. Peptides 2:223–226, 1981.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Seizinger BR, Hollt V, Herz A: Effects of chronic ethanol treatment on the in vitro biosynthesis of pro-opiomelanocortin and its post-translational processing to beta-endorphin in the intermediate lobe of the rat pituitary. J Neurochem 43:607–613, 1984.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Gianoulakis C, Woo N, Drouin JN, et al: Biosynthesis of β-endorphin by the neurointermediate lobes from rats treated with morphine or alcohol. Life Sci 29:1973–1982, 1981.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Gianoulakis C, Hutchison WD, Kalant H: Effects of ethanol treatment and withdrawal on biosynthesis and processing of proopiomelanocortin by the rat neurointermediate lobe. Endocrinology 122:817–825, 1988.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Wand GS: Differential regulation of anterior pituitary corticotrope function is observed in vivo but not in vitro in two lines of ethanol-sensitive mice. Alcoholism Clin Exp Res 14:100–106, 1990.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Angelogianni P, Gianoulakis C: Chronic ethanol increases proopiomelanocortin gene expression in the rat hypothalamus. Neuroendocrinology, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  95. Wand GS, Levine MA: Hormonal tolerance to ethanol is associated with decreased expression of the GTP-binding protein Gs alpha, and adenylyl cyclase activity in ethanol-treated LS mice. Alcoholism Clin Exp Res 15:705–710, 1991.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Dave JR, Eiden LE, Karanian JW, et al: Ethanol exposure decreases pituitary corticotropin-releasing factor binding, adenylate cyclase activity, proopiomelanocortin biosynthesis and plasma β-endorphin levels in the rat. Endocrinology 118:280–286, 1986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Khanna JM, Kalant H, Bustos G: Effects of chronic intake of ethanol on the rate of ethanol metabolism. II. Influence of sex and of schedule of ethanol administration. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 45:777–785, 1967.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Gianoulakis C: The effect of ethanol on the biosynthesis and regulation of opioid peptides. Experientia 45:428–435, 1989.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Froehlich JC, Wand G, Ochs S, et al: POMC system and alcohol preference. Soc Neurosci Abstr 17:1345, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Froehlich JC: Interactions between alcohol and the endogenous opioid system, in Zakhari S (ed): Alcohol and the Endocrine System. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Research Monograph. Washington, DC, US Government Printing Office, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  101. Li X-W, Li T-K, Froehlich JC: The enkephalinergic system and alcohol preference. Alcoholism Clin Exp Res 16:359, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Gianoulakis C, De Waele JP, Kiianmaa K: Differences in the brain and pituitary β-endorphin system between the alcohol-preferring AA and alcohol-avoiding ANA rats. Alcoholism Clin Exp Res 16:453–459, 1992.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. De Waele JP, Papachristou DN, Gianoulakis C: The alcohol-preferring C57BL/6 mice present an enhanced sensitivity of the hypothalamic β-endorphin system to ethanol than the alcohol-avoiding DBA/2 mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 261:788–794, 1992.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. De Waele JP, Gianoulakis C: Effects of single and repeated exposures to ethanol on the hypothalamic β-endorphin release by the C57BL/6 and DBA/2 strains of mice. Neuroendocrinology, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  105. Blum K, Briggs AH, Elston SFA, et al: A common denominator theory of alcohol and opiate dependence: Review of similarities and differences, in Rigter H, Crabbe JC (eds): Alcohol Tolerance and Dependence. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1980. pp 371–391.

    Google Scholar 

  106. Blum K, Briggs AH, Trachtenberg MC, et al: Enkephalinase inhibition: Regulation of ethanol intake in genetically predisposed mice. Alcohol 4:449–456, 1987.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Blum K, Trachtenberg MC, Elliott CE, et al: Enkephalinase inhibition and precursor amino acid loading improves inpatient treatment of alcohol and polydrug abusers: Double-blind placebo-controlled study of the nutritional adjunct SAAVE. Alcohol 5:481–493, 1989.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  108. Trachtenberg MC, Blum K: Alcohol and opioid peptides: Neuropharmacological rationale for physical craving of alcohol. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 13:365–372, 1987.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Volpicelli JR: Uncontrollable events and alcohol drinking. Br J Addict 82:381–392, 1987.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Hunter GA, Beaman CM, Dunn LL, et al: Selected opioids, ethanol, and intake of ethanol. Alcohol 1:43–46, 1984.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Hubbell CL, Reid LD: Opioids modulate rats’ intake of alcoholic beverages, in Reid LD (ed): Opioids, Bulimia, and Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1990. pp 145–174.

    Google Scholar 

  112. Miller WR, Hester RK: The effectiveness of alcoholism treatment methods: What research reveals, in Miller WR, Heather N (eds): Treating Addictive Behaviors: Process of Change. New York, Plenum Press, 1986. pp 121–174.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  113. Nathan PE: Outcomes of treatment for alcoholism: Current data. Ann Behav Med 8:40–46, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  114. Rees DW: Changing patients’ health beliefs to improve compliance with alcoholism treatment: A controlled trial. J Stud Alcohol 47:435–439, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Schuckit MA: Drug and Alcohol Abuse: A Clinical Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment, ed 2. New York, Plenum Press, 1984.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  116. Liskow BI, Goodwin DW: Pharmacological treatment of alcohol intoxication withdrawal and dependence: A critical review. J Stud Alcohol 48:356–370, 1987.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Fuller RK: A critical analysis of the efficacy and toxicity of the alcohol sensitizing drugs, in Edwards G, Littleton J (eds): Pharmacological Treatments for Alcoholism. London, Croom Helm, 1984. pp 559–571.

    Google Scholar 

  118. Fuller RK, Branchey L, Brightwell DR, et al: Disulfiram treatment of alcoholism: A Veterans Administration cooperative study. JAMA 256:1449–1455, 1986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Volpicelli JR, O’Brien CP, Alterman AI, et al: Naltrexone and the treatment of alcohol-dependence: Initial observations, in Reid LD (ed): Opioids, Bulimia, and Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1990. pp 195–214.

    Google Scholar 

  120. Volpicelli JR, Alterman AI, Hayashida M, et al: Naltrexone in the treatment of alcohol dependence. Arch Gen Psychiatry, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  121. O’Malley SS, Jaffe A, Chang G, et al: Naltrexone in the treatment of alcohol dependence: Preliminary findings, in Naranjo CA, Sellers EM (eds): Novel Pharmacological Interventions for Alcoholism. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1992. pp 148–157.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  122. O’Malley SS, Jaffe A, Chang G, et al: Naltrexone and coping skills therapy for alcohol dependence: A controlled study. Arch Gen Psychiatry, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  123. Childers SR, Creese I, Snowman AM, et al: Opiate receptor binding affected differentially by opiates and opioid peptides. Eur J Pharmacol 55:11–18, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Chang KJ, Cuatrecasas P: Heterogeneity and properties of opiate receptors. Fed Proc 40:2729–2734, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Chang KJ, Cooper BR, Hazum E, et al: Multiple opiate receptors: Different regional distribution in the brain and differential binding of opiates and opioid peptides. Mol Pharmacol 16:91–104, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Snyder SH, Goodman RR: Multiple neurotransmitter receptors. J Neurochem 35:5–15, 1980.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Wood PL: Multiple opiate receptors: Support for unique mu, delta and kappa sites. Neurophar-macology 21:487–497, 1982.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Patterson SJ, Robson LE, Kosterlitz HW: Classification of opioid receptors. Br Med Bull 39:31–36, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  129. Robson LE, Paterson SJ, Kosterlitz HW: Opiate receptors. Handb Psychopharmacol 17:13–80, 1983.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Portoghese PS: Some principles in the design of more selective pharmacological agents: Application to multiple opioid receptors. Am J Pharm Educ 51:1–7, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  131. Portoghese PS, Sultana M, Takemori AE: Naltrindole, a highly selective and potent non-peptide 8 opioid receptor antagonist. Eur J Pharmacol 146:185–186, 1988.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Portoghese PS, Sultana M, Nagase H, et al: Application of the message-address concept in the design of highly potent and selective non-peptide δ opioid receptor antagonists. J Med Chem 31:281–282 1988.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Portoghese PS, Sultana M, Takemori AE: Design of peptidomimetic δ opioid receptor antagonists using the message-address concept. J Med Chem 33:1714–1720, 1990.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Portoghese PS, Nagase H, MaloneyHuss KE, et al: Role of spacer and address components in peptidomimetic δ opioid receptor antagonists related to naltrindole. J Med Chem 34:1715–1720, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Sofuoglu M, Portoghese PS, Takemori AE: Differential antagonism of delta opioid agonists by naltrindole and its benzofuran analog (NTB) in mice: Evidence for delta opioid receptor subtypes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 257:676–680, 1991.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Long JB, Ruvio BA, Glatt CE, et al: ICI 174864, a putative delta opioid antagonist, reverses endotoxemic hypotension: Pretreatment with dynorphin 1-13, a kappa agonist, blocks this action. Neuropeptides 5:291–294, 1984.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Cotton R, Giles MG, Miller L, et al: ICI 174864: A highly selective antagonist for the opioid delta receptor. Eur J Pharmacol 97:331–332, 1984.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Cowan A, Zhu XZ, Porreca F: Studies in vivo with ICI 174864 and (d-Pen2, d-Pen5) enkephalin. Neuropeptides 5:311–314, 1985.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Froehlich JC, Zweifel M, Li T-K, et al: Delta opioid antagonists produce prolonged suppression of ethanol intake. Alcoholism Clin Exp Res 15:315, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  140. Finney JW, Moss RH: Matching patients with treatments: Conceptual and methodological issues. J Stud Alcohol 47:122–134, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Medicine and Physiology/Biophysics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA

    Janice C. Froehlich

  2. Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202, USA

    T.-K. Li

Authors
  1. Janice C. Froehlich
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. T.-K. Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA

    Marc Galanter

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1993 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Froehlich, J.C., Li, TK. (1993). Opioid Peptides. In: Galanter, M. (eds) Recent Developments in Alcoholism. Recent Developments in Alcoholism, vol 11. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1742-3_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1742-3_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-1744-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-1742-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation