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Potato late blight as a model of pathogen-host plant coevolution

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Abstract

A striking progress in molecular genetic studies of Phytophthora infestans and the genes for resistance to this pathogen in cultivated and wild Solanum species made potato late blight an instructive experimental model of “arms race” — rapid coevolution of the pathogen, oomycete P. infestans, and Solanum host plants. Mechanisms of this coevolution are discussed in the context of new information on the origin of past and present forms of P. infestans and cultivated potato. The focus of the lecture is on the functional organization of the genes for pathogen virulence and the race-specific genes for plant resistance as well as on the molecular interactions of the products of these genes: pathogen RxLR effectors and plant CC-NB-LRR receptor kinases. New knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of interaction between P. infestans and potato will promote breeding for durable resistance to late blight, especially with new technologies of effectoromics introduced to detect promising resistance genes in Solanum genetic collections, to characterize these genes and to promote their deployment in breeding process.

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Abbreviations

AVR:

avirulence factor, effector

Avr gene:

avirulence gene

CC-NB-LRR kinase:

receptor kinase comprising coiled coil domain, nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat domain

ETI:

effector-triggered immunity

ipi/IPI:

in-planta induced gene/effector

PAMP:

pathogen-associated molecular pattern

PTI:

PAMP-triggered immunity

PR proteins:

pathogenesis-related proteins

QTL:

quantitative trait locus

R genes:

resistance genes

Rpi genes:

genes for resistance to Phytophthora infestans

RxLR:

pathogen effector comprising amino acid sequence: arginine-any amino acid residue-leucine-arginine

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  1. All-Russian Scientific Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology (ARRIAB), ul. Timiryazevskaya, 42, Moscow, 127550, Russia

    E. E. Khavkin

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Khavkin, E.E. Potato late blight as a model of pathogen-host plant coevolution. Russ J Plant Physiol 62, 408–419 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443715030103

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