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Sugarcane biotechnology: The challenges and opportunities

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Summary

Commercial sugarcane, belonging to the genus Saccharum (Poaceae), is an important industrial crop accounting for nearly 70% of sugar produced worldwide. Compared to other major crops, efforts to improve sugarcane are limited and relatively recent, with the first introduction of interspecific hybrids about 80 yr ago. Progress in traditional breeding of sugareane, a highly polyploid and frequently aneuploid plant, is impeded by its narrow gene pool, complex genome, poor fertility, and the long breeding/selection cycle. These constraints, however, make sugarcane a good candidate for molecular breeding. In the past decade considerable progress has been made in understanding and manipulating the sugarcane genome using various biotechnological and cell biological approaches. Notable among them are the creation of transgenic plants with improved agronomic or other important traits, advances in genomics and molecular markers, and progress in understanding the molecular aspects of sucrose transport and accumulation. More recently, substantial effort has been directed towards developing sugarcane as a biofactory for high-value products. While these achievements are commendable, a greater understanding of the sugarcane genome, and cell and whole plant physiology, will accelerate the implementation of commercially significant biotechnology outcomes. We anticipate that the rapid advancements in molecular biology and emerging biotechnology innovations would play a significant role in the future sugarcane crop improvement programs and offer many new opportunities to develop it as a new-generation industrial crop.

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Author notes

  1. Grant R. Smith

    Present address: Sustainable Productive Environments, Crop and Food Research, Private Bag 4074, Christchurch, New Zealand

Authors and Affiliations

  1. David North Plant Research Centre, BSES Limited, 50 Meiers Road, 4068, Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia

    Prakash Lakshmanan, R. Jason Geijskes & Grant R. Smith

  2. Co-operative Research Centre for Sugar Industry Innovation Through Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, John Hines Building, 4072, Queensland, Australia

    Prakash Lakshmanan, R. Jason Geijskes, Karen S. Aitken, Christopher L. P. Grof & Graham D. Bonnett

  3. CSIRO Plant Industry, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, 306 Carmody Road, 4067, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

    Karen S. Aitken, Christopher L. P. Grof & Graham D. Bonnett

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  1. Prakash Lakshmanan
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Lakshmanan, P., Geijskes, R.J., Aitken, K.S. et al. Sugarcane biotechnology: The challenges and opportunities. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 41, 345–363 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1079/IVP2005643

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