Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Improvement of ε-Poly-l-Lysine Production Through Seed Stage Development Based on In Situ pH Monitoring

  • Published:
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Nissin, natamycin, and ε-poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) are three safe, microbial-produced food preservatives used today in the food industry. However, current industrial production of ε-PL is only performed in several countries. In order to realize large-scale ε-PL production by fermentation, the effects of seed stage on cell growth and ε-PL production were investigated by monitoring of pH in situ in a 5-L laboratory-scale fermenter. A significant increase in ε-PL production in fed-batch fermentation by Streptomyces sp. M-Z18 was achieved, at 48.9 g/L, through the optimization of several factors associated with seed stage, including spore pretreatment, inoculum age, and inoculum level. Compared with conventional fermentation approaches using 24-h-old shake-flask seed broth as inoculum, the maximum ε-PL concentration and productivity were enhanced by 32.3 and 36.6 %, respectively. The effect of optimized inoculum conditions on ε-PL production on a large scale was evaluated using a 50-L pilot-scale fermenter, attaining a maximum ε-PL production of 36.22 g/L in fed-batch fermentation, constituting the first report of ε-PL production at pilot scale. These results will be helpful for efficient ε-PL production by Streptomyces at pilot and plant scales.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Stanbury, P. F., Whitaker, A., & Hall, S. J. (2003). Principles of fermentation technology (2nd ed., pp. 147–163). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Cunha, C., Glassey, J., Montague, G. A., Albert, S., & Mohan, P. (2002). Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 78, 658–669.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Warr, S., Gershater, C., & Box, X. (1996). Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 16, 295–300.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Zou, X., Li, W. J., Zeng, W., Chu, J., Zhuang, Y. P., & Zhang, S. L. (2011). Bioresource Technology, 102, 3360–3365.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Orlowski, J., & Barford, J. (1987). Journal of General and Applied Microbiology, 38, 168–172.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Neves, A. A., Vieira, L. M., & Menezes, J. C. (2001). Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 72, 628–633.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Nordon, A., Littlejohn, D., Dann, A. S., Jeffkins, P. A., Richardson, M. D., & Stimpson, S. L. (2008). Analyst, 133, 660–666.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Bankar, S. B., & Singhal, R. S. (2013). RSC Advances, 3, 8586–8603.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. El-Sersy, N. A., Abdelwahab, A. E., Abouelkhiir, S. S., Abou-Zeid, D. M., & Sabry, S. A. (2012). Journal of Basic Microbiology, 52, 513–522.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Hiraki, J., Ichikawa, T., Ninomiya, S., Seki, H., Uohama, K., Kimura, S., & Yanagimoto, Y. (2003). Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 37, 328–340.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Shih, I. L., Shen, M. H., & Van, Y. T. (2006). Bioresource Technology, 97, 1148–1159.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Yoshida, T., & Nagasawa, T. (2003). Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 62, 21–26.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Bankar, S. B., & Singhal, R. S. (2011). Engineering in Life Science, 3, 253–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Liu, S., Wu, Q., Zhang, J., & Mo, S. (2011). Biotechnology Letters, 33, 1581–1585.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Zhang, Y., Feng, X., Xu, H., & Yao, Z. (2010). Bioresource Technology, 101, 5523–5527.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Li, S., Li, F., Chen, X. S., Wang, L., Xu, J., Tang, L., & Mao, Z. G. (2012). Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 166, 414–423.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Li, S., Chen, X. S., Dong, C., Zhao, F., Tang, L., & Mao, Z. G. (2013). Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 169, 338–350.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Chen, X. S., Tang, L., Li, S., Liao, L. J., Zhang, J. H., & Mao, Z. G. (2011). Bioresource Technology, 102, 1727–1732.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Chen, X. S., Li, S., Liao, L. J., Ren, X. D., Li, F., Tang, L., Zhang, J. H., & Mao, Z. G. (2011). Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 34, 561–567.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Hirsch, C. F., & Ensign, J. C. (1976). Journal of Bacteriology, 126, 24–30.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Itzhaki, R. F. (1972). Analytical Biochemistry, 50, 569–574.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. AOAC International (formerly the Association of Official Analytical Chemists). (1995). Official Methods of Analysis Arlington.

  23. Setlow, P. (2003). Current Opinion in Microbiology, 6, 550–556.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Lebrihi, A., Lamsaif, D., Lefebvre, G., & Germain, P. (1992). Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 37, 382–387.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by a grant from the Jiangsu Key Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Program (BE2012616); the Cooperation Project of Jiangsu Province among Industries, Universities and Institutes (BY2013015-11); the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and the 111 Project (111-2-06).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, People’s Republic of China

    Qi-Xing Sun, Xu-Sheng Chen, Xi-Dong Ren & Zhong-Gui Mao

Authors
  1. Qi-Xing Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xu-Sheng Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xi-Dong Ren
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Zhong-Gui Mao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Xu-Sheng Chen or Zhong-Gui Mao.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sun, QX., Chen, XS., Ren, XD. et al. Improvement of ε-Poly-l-Lysine Production Through Seed Stage Development Based on In Situ pH Monitoring. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 175, 802–812 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-1329-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-1329-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation