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Synthesis and Application of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Based Alkyd Resin in Liquid Detergent

  • Original Article
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Journal of Surfactants and Detergents

Abstract

Palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) is the by-product obtained during physical refining of crude palm oil, which mainly consists of free fatty acids along with minor amounts of glycerides, bioactive compounds such as tocopherols, tocotrienols, phytosterols, squalene, other hydrocarbons. In the present work, an eco-friendly alkyd resin was prepared using sustainable feedstock such as PFAD along with rosin. The various physico-chemical properties of PFAD-based alkyd resin (PFAD-AR) such as acid value, saponification value, viscosity and volatile matter were determined and compared to palm oil based alkyd resin (PO-AR). The structural properties of the alkyd resins were investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopic techniques. The study presents the utilization of PFAD-based alkyd resin with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) in the liquid detergent formulation. The performance properties of the PFAD-based alkyd resin liquid detergent formulations such as surface tension, wetting power and detergency were comparable with palm oil based alkyd resin liquid detergent formulations and with commercial liquid detergent (CLD). Surface tensions of liquid detergent formulations varied from 20 to 30 mN/m with decrease in concentration. The foaming properties of alkyd resin based liquid detergents are reduced with the increase in the amount of alkyd resin polymer in the formulations. Therefore, it has potential application as a foam reducer in detergent for washing machines.

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Abbreviations

AOS:

Alpha olefin sulfonate

CLD:

Commercial liquid detergent

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared

1H NMR:

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance

LABS:

Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate

MTO:

Mineral turpentine oil

PFAD:

Palm fatty acid distillate

PFAD-AR:

PFAD-based alkyd resin

PO-AR:

Palm oil based alkyd resin

PVA:

Polyvinyl alcohol

SFT:

Surface tension

SLES:

Sodium lauryl ether sulfate

SLS:

Sodium lauryl sulfate

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the Institute of Chemical Technology and financial support under the University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi, Government of India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactant Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, India

    Pranali P. Chiplunkar, Vinita V. Shinde & Amit P. Pratap

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  1. Pranali P. Chiplunkar
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  2. Vinita V. Shinde
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  3. Amit P. Pratap
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Correspondence to Amit P. Pratap.

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Chiplunkar, P.P., Shinde, V.V. & Pratap, A.P. Synthesis and Application of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Based Alkyd Resin in Liquid Detergent. J Surfact Deterg 20, 137–149 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11743-016-1905-9

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