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Optimized AC conductivity correlated to structure, morphology and thermal properties of PVDF/PVA/Nafion composites

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Abstract

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites were prepared by controlled loading of Nafion (5 to 15 wt%) by solution casting using water and dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent. The surface morphology of composite analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) reveals the presence of Nafion ionomers. The increase in interlayer spacing of modified PVDF/PVA polymer system as a function of Nafion was detected by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The major change in Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirms the chemical bond C=O stretching around 1,700 cm−1 due to Nafion. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrates the thermal stability of polymer composites and the decrease in melting temperature (T m). The optimized AC conductivity (σ) of the prepared composite was evaluated by using an impedance analyzer as a function of temperature (40 to 150 °C) at constant 30-MHz frequency. The highest conductivity of 1.3 × 10−2 S m−1 was observed at 80 °C for 10 wt% of Nafion and correlated with structure, morphology and thermal properties of modified PVDF/PVA/Nafion composites. The experimental results may be useful for sensors, fuel cells and battery application domains.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are highly grateful for the provided electrical characterization facility under the Naval Research Board, Defense Research and Development Organization, New Delhi, under Project No. 259/Mat./11-12.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymer Nanocomposite Laboratory, Material Physics Division, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, TN, 632014, India

    Mayank Pandey, Girish M. Joshi, Kalim Deshmukh & Moumita Khutia

  2. Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, K K Birla Goa Campus, Pilani, Goa, 403726, India

    Narendra Nath Ghosh

  3. Department of Physics, B.S.Abdur Rahman University, Vandalur, Chennai, 600048, India

    Kalim Deshmukh

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  1. Mayank Pandey
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  2. Girish M. Joshi
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  3. Kalim Deshmukh
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  4. Moumita Khutia
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  5. Narendra Nath Ghosh
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Correspondence to Girish M. Joshi.

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Pandey, M., Joshi, G.M., Deshmukh, K. et al. Optimized AC conductivity correlated to structure, morphology and thermal properties of PVDF/PVA/Nafion composites. Ionics 20, 1427–1433 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-014-1111-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-014-1111-6

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