Skip to main content
Log in

On the Number of Entangled Clusters

  • Published:
Journal of Statistical Physics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We prove that the number of entangled clusters with N edges in the simple cubic lattice grows exponentially in N. This answers an open question posed by Grimmett and Holroyd (Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. 81:485–512, 2000). Our result has immediate implications for entanglement percolation: we obtain an improved rigorous lower bound on the critical probability, and we prove that the radius of the entangled component of the origin has exponentially decaying tail when p is small.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Adler, J., Aharony, A., Blumenfeld, R., Harris, A.B.: Series study of percolation moments in general dimension. Phys. Rev. B 41, 9183–9206 (1990)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. Aizenman, M., Grimmett, G.: Strict monotonicity for critical points in percolation and ferromagnetic models. J. Stat. Phys. 63, 817–835 (1991)

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. Boyd, R.H., Phillips, P.J.: The Science of Polymer Molecules. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1993)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  4. de Gennes, P.-G.: Scaling Concepts in Polymer Physics. Cornell University Press, Ithaca (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Diao, Y., Janse van Rensburg, E.J.: Percolation of linked circles. In: Whittington, S.G., Sumners, D.W., Lodge, T. (eds.) Topology and Geometry in Polymer Science, pp. 79–88. Springer, New York (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Edwards, S.F., Vilgis, T.A.: The tube model theory of rubber elasticity. Rep. Prog. Phys. 51, 243–297 (1988)

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. Gaunt, D.S., Ruskin, H.: Bond percolation in d dimensions. J. Phys. A, Math. Gen. 11, 1369–1380 (1978)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. Giblin, P.J.: Graphs, Surfaces and Homology, 2nd edn. Chapman and Hall, London (1977)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Grimmett, G.: Percolation, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin (1999)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Grimmett, G.R., Holroyd, A.E.: Entanglement in percolation. Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. 81, 485–512 (2000)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. Grimmett, G.R., Holroyd, A.E.: Plaquettes, spheres, and entanglement. Preprint (2010)

  12. Häggström, O.: Uniqueness of the infinite entangled component in three-dimensional bond percolation. Ann. Probab. 29, 127–136 (2001)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  13. Hammersley, J.M.: The number of polygons on a lattice. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 57, 516–523 (1961)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. Holroyd, A.E.: Existence of a phase transition for entanglement percolation. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 129, 231–251 (2000)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. Holroyd, A.E.: Inequalities in entanglement percolation. J. Stat. Phys. 109, 317–323 (2002)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  16. Janse van Rensburg, E.J.: The Statistical Mechanics of Interacting Walks, Polygons, Animals and Vesicles. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2000)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Kantor, Y., Hassold, G.N.: Topological entanglements in the percolation problem. Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 1457–1460 (1988)

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. Kesten, H.: Analyticity properties and power law estimates of functions in percolation. J. Stat. Phys. 25, 717–756 (1981)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. Klarner, D.A.: Cell growth problems. Can. J. Math. 19, 851–863 (1967)

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. Klein, D.J.: Rigorous results for branched polymers with excluded volume. J. Chem. Phys. 75, 5186–5189 (1981)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. Madras, N.: A rigorous bound on the critical exponent for the number of lattice trees, animals, and polygons. J. Stat. Phys. 78, 681–699 (1995)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. Madras, N.: A pattern theorem for lattice clusters. Ann. Comb. 3, 357–384 (1999)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  23. Madras, N., Slade, G.: The Self-Avoiding Walk. Birkhäuser, Boston (1993)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Madras, N., Soteros, C.E., Whittington, S.G., Martin, J.L., Sykes, M.F., Flesia, S., Gaunt, D.S.: The free energy of a collapsing branched polymer. J. Phys. A, Math. Gen. 23, 5327–5350 (1990)

    Article  MathSciNet  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. Menshikov, M.V., Rybnikov, K.A., Volkov, S.E.: The loss of tension in an infinite membrane with holes distributed according to a Poisson law. Adv. Appl. Probab. 34, 292–312 (2002)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. Otto, M., Vilgis, T.A.: Topological interactions in multiply linked DNA rings. Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 881–884 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. Sauvage, J.-P., Dietrich-Buchecker, C. (eds.): Molecular Catenanes, Rotaxanes and Knots: A Journey Through the World of Molecular Topology. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Schonmann, R.H.: On the behavior of some cellular automata related to bootstrap percolation. Ann. Probab. 20, 174–193 (1992)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  29. Vilgis, T.A., Otto, M.: Elasticity of entangled polymer loops: Olympic gels. Phys. Rev. E 56, R1314–R1317 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. Wolovsky, R.: Interlocked ring systems obtained by the metathesis reaction of cyclododecene. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 92, 2132–2133 (1970)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Neal Madras.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Atapour, M., Madras, N. On the Number of Entangled Clusters. J Stat Phys 139, 1–26 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10955-010-9941-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10955-010-9941-8

Keywords

Navigation