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Mechanisms of heat tolerance in crop plants

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Biologia Plantarum

Abstract

Due to possible climate changes, heat stress has obtained a serious concern all over the world. Tolerance to this stress via knowledge of metabolic pathways will help us in engineering heat tolerant plants. A group of proteins called heat shock proteins are synthesized following stress and their synthesis is regulated by transcription factors. Under high temperature (HT), reactive oxygen species (ROS) are often induced and can cause damage to lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. To scavenge the ROS and maintain cell membrane stability, synthesis of antioxidants, osmolytes, and heat shock proteins is of a vital importance. In view of above mentioned, this review highlights the detailed mechanism of pathways involving crucial steps that change during HT stress.

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Abbreviations

AA:

ascorbic acid

APX:

ascorbate peroxidase

AsA:

ascorbate

CAT:

catalase

DHAR:

dehydroascorbate reductase

GPX:

guaiacol peroxidase

GR:

glutathione reductase

GSH:

reduced glutathione

GSSG:

oxidized glutathione

GST:

glutathione-S-transferase

Hsfs:

heat stress transcription factors

Hsps:

heat shock proteins

HT:

high temperature

LMM:

low molecular mass

LPO:

lipid peroxidation

MDA:

malondialdehyde

MDHAR:

monodehydroascorbate reductase

MTS:

membrane thermal stability

O2 − :

superoxide anion

·OH:

hydroxyl radical

PS:

photosystem

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

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  1. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India

    B. Asthir

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Asthir, B. Mechanisms of heat tolerance in crop plants. Biol Plant 59, 620–628 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-015-0539-5

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