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Effect of dietary probiotic supplementation on intestinal microbiota and physiological conditions of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under waterborne cadmium exposure

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Abstract

The heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous pollutant that exerts various toxic effects on aquatic animals. The biomagnifying effects of this non-essential element in the food chain also pose threats to human health. In this study, the protective effect of a dietary probiotic supplementation, Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610, on the intestinal microbiota and physiological conditions of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to waterborne Cd was evaluated. Two hundred fish were divided into four groups, i.e., control, probiotic-only, Cd-only and Cd-plus-probiotic. The fish were exposed to waterborne Cd at a level of 1 mg L−1 for 4 weeks and the probiotic was administered twice daily at 108 CFU g−1 in the fish diet. Waterborne Cd exposure caused a profound decline in the gut microbial diversity and marked alterations in the composition of the microbiota. Dietary supplementation with L. plantarum CCFM8610 reversed the changes in the intestinal microbiota composition in the Cd-exposed fish and reduced the abundance of Flavobacterium and Pseudomonas. Compared with the Cd-only group, the probiotic treatment significantly promoted growth performance and prevented the death of the Cd-exposed fish. L. plantarum CCFM8610 supplementation also decreased Cd accumulation and alleviated oxidative stress in the tissues, and reversed the alterations in hemato-biochemical parameters in the blood of fish. The results suggest that L. plantarum CCFM8610 can be considered a safe dietary supplement for the prevention of Cd-exposure-induced problems in aquaculture and food safety.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31601452), the Science and Nature Foundation in Jiangsu Province (BK 20160175), General Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2016M590412), BBSRC Newton Fund Joint Centre Award and the Self-determined Research Program of Jiangnan University (JUSRP 115A23).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People’s Republic of China

    Qixiao Zhai, Leilei Yu, Tianqi Li, Jiamin Zhu, Chengcheng Zhang, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang & Wei Chen

  2. Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK

    Qixiao Zhai, Tianqi Li, Hao Zhang & Wei Chen

  3. Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China

    Qixiao Zhai, Tianqi Li, Hao Zhang & Wei Chen

  4. Beijing Innovation Centre of Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, 100048, People’s Republic of China

    Wei Chen

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  1. Qixiao Zhai
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Correspondence to Wei Chen.

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Zhai, Q., Yu, L., Li, T. et al. Effect of dietary probiotic supplementation on intestinal microbiota and physiological conditions of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under waterborne cadmium exposure. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 110, 501–513 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-016-0819-x

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