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Response of Crested Guinea-fowl (Guttera edouardi), a forest specialist, to spatial variation in land use in iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa

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Abstract

Globally anthropogenic pressures on natural environments have caused species decline. Ground dwelling bird species declined in numbers because of loss of habitat and nesting sites. Protected areas (PAs) are generally perceived as areas with little disturbance; however, many have/are also subjected to anthropogenic land use change, such as agroforestry. Consequently, we investigated the presence and habitat use of a terrestrial avian species, the Crested Guinea-fowl (Guttera edouardi), in iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa, a PA with varying land use change. We used single-season camera trap data from 99 trap stations across 24 days, and single season occupancy models to quantify the influence of habitat conversion and habitat characteristics on occupancy and detection probability of Crested Guinea-fowl. The average site occupancy (±standard error) and detection probability (±standard error) under the variable influence was 0.40 ± 0.07 and 0.43 ± 0.06 respectively from the top models. The most influential variables were natural forests, shrub cover, leaf litter, weed dominance, distance to water and narrow path. The natural forests, weed dominance and shrub cover positively influenced the occupancy of Crested Guinea-fowl. Leaf litter and distance to water had a positive influence on detection probability while narrow path had a negative influence. Our findings highlight the importance of natural forests to the survival of Crested Guinea-fowl in landscapes modified for agroforestry. Management initiatives are mandatory to ensure protection of adequate natural habitat for the conservation of forest specialists.

Zusammenfassung

Reaktion des Kräuselhauben-Perlhuhn ( Guttera edouardi ), eines Waldspezialisten, auf die räumliche Variation in der Landnutzung im iSimangaliso Feuchtgebiet in Südafrika Anthropogene Belastungen natürlicher Lebensräume haben weltweit zu einem Artenrückgang geführt. Bodenbewohnende Vogelarten sind aufgrund von Habitat- und Neststandortrückgang unter diesen zahlenmäßig rückläufigen Arten. Schutzgebiete gelten generell als Gebiete mit geringer Störung, aber viele von ihnen sind anthropogenen Veränderungen in der Landnutzung, wie etwa dem Waldfeldbau, ausgesetzt. Wir untersuchten deshalb die Präsenz und Habitatnutzung einer bodenbewohnenden Vogelart, dem Kräuselhaubenperlhuhn (Guttera edouardi), im iSimangaliso Feuchtgebiet in Südafrika, einem Schutzgebiet mit unterschiedlicher Veränderung in der Landnutzung. Um den Einfluss von Habitatumwandlung und Habitatcharakteristika auf die Besetzung und Nachweiswahrscheinlichkeit des Kräuselhauben-Perlhuhns zu bestimmen, verwendeten wir Daten von 99 Kamerafallen über 24 Tage einer Saison und Modelle zur Besetzung in derselben Saison. Die mittlere Besetzungsrate (±Standardfehler) und Nachweiswahrscheinlichkeit (± Standardfehler) lag unter dem Einfluss der Variablen bei 0,40 ± 0,07 und 0,43 ± 0,06 des jeweils besten Modells. Die Variablen mit dem größten Einfluss waren natürlicher Wald, Buschbedeckung, Laubstreu, Dominanz an Kräutern, Entfernung zum Wasser und die Enge des Pfades. Natürlicher Wald, Dominanz an Kräutern und Buschbedeckung hatte einen positiven Einfluss auf die Besetzungsrate mit Kräuselhauben-Perlhühnern. Laubstreu und Entfernung zum Wasser beeinflusste die Nachweiswahrscheinlichkeit positiv, während die Enge des Pfades einen negativen Einfluss hatte. Unsere Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Bedeutung von natürlichem Wald für das Überleben des Kräuselhauben-Perlhuhns in einer von Waldfeldbau modifizierten Landschaft. Managementinitiativen, die den Schutz angemessener Flächen natürlichen Habitats gewährleisten, sind für die Erhaltung von Waldspezialisten unerlässlich.

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(from Ramesh et al. 2016)

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the University of KwaZulu-Natal and the Hans Hoheisen Charitable Trust for funding the project. We are grateful to iSimangaliso Wetland Park Authority and Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife for permission to conduct research in the park. We would like to thank E. Kheswa for her assistance during the project work.

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Correspondence to Colleen T. Downs.

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Communicated by T. Gottschalk.

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Maseko, M.S.T., Ramesh, T., Kalle, R. et al. Response of Crested Guinea-fowl (Guttera edouardi), a forest specialist, to spatial variation in land use in iSimangaliso Wetland Park, South Africa. J Ornithol 158, 469–477 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-016-1406-7

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