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Abnormal Somatic Embryo Reduction and Recycling in Grapevine Regeneration

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Abstract

The purpose of the study was to increase plant conversion efficiency and reduce waste of the abnormal somatic embryos; factors influencing both the embryo morphology in germination and the embryogenic callus reinduction rate in secondary embryogenesis were studied in Vitis vinifera L. ‘Thompson Seedless.’ Embryos having mono-, di-, and multiple-normal cotyledons, trumpet-shaped, fascicular, and fused abnormal cotyledons were observed during germination. Normal embryos of one, two, and multiple cotyledons have a relatively higher conversion rate (48.89–64.44%) than abnormal ones (2.22–22.22%). Histomorphology analysis of these embryos showed that normal somatic embryos had a better developed vasculature and shoot meristem than abnormal individuals. A lower percentage of abnormal embryos formed when they germinated on Murashige and Skoog’s medium (MS) and Woody Plant Medium (WPM) both of which contained 15 g/l sucrose and no plant growth regulators. Of all the abnormal embryos, only fused cotyledon embryos were suitable for recycling, and they were reinduced into the embryogenic callus. Cotyledons showed a higher reinduction rate (72.22%) than the other two parts: hypocotyls (4.44%) and roots (0%). In addition, recycled abnormal embryos produced many morphogenic types and this secondary embryogenesis could be used for embryo proliferation.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Prof. Luo for the useful comments on our manuscript. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31401834); Supported by Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi (No. 2016153); Supported by Program for the Top Young Innovative Talents of Shanxi Agricultural University (No. TYIT201401); Supported by Startup Project of Doctor Scientific Research (No. 2013YJ22).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Wei Ji, Yaoxing Luo, Rongrong Guo, Xuexue Li & Qi Zhou

  2. State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Wei Ji & Yuejin Wang

  3. Pomology Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taigu, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaohe Ma

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  1. Wei Ji
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  2. Yaoxing Luo
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  3. Rongrong Guo
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  4. Xuexue Li
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  5. Qi Zhou
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  6. Xiaohe Ma
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Correspondence to Wei Ji, Xiaohe Ma or Yuejin Wang.

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Ji, W., Luo, Y., Guo, R. et al. Abnormal Somatic Embryo Reduction and Recycling in Grapevine Regeneration. J Plant Growth Regul 36, 912–918 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-017-9694-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-017-9694-6

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