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Arrest of somatic embryo development in grapevine: histological characterization and the effect of ABA, BAP and zeatin in stimulating plantlet development

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Abstract

In an effort to understand the causes of arrest of somatic embryo development, generally observed in grapevine (Vitis sp.), histological studies were undertaken, using two cultivars (CH76 and 41B) which differ in their ability to develop into plants. Embryos with a high conversion rate (70%; CH76) formed a well-structured and functional shoot apex between two thread-like cotyledons. In contrast, embryos with a low conversion rate (10%; 41B) formed a normal root apex but lacked a well-structured shoot apex and developed a wide range of aberrant forms in the intercotyledonary area: uncontrolled cellular proliferation, formation of adventitious buds, over-growth of cotyledonary or leaf meristems. ABA increased the conversion rate of 41B embryos from 10% to 20%, but failed to improve embryo morphology. Zeatin and BAP promoted growth of 41B somatic embryos, but generated a high level of abnormalities and failed to improve conversion rate. Applied in combination with ABA, these PGRs increased the frequency of cotyledonary embryos, but decreased the conversion rate.

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Abbreviations

ABA:

abscisic acid

BAP:

6-benzyladenine

41B:

Vitis vinifera cv. Chasselas ×Vitis berlandieri (rootstock)

CH76:

Vitis vinifera cv. Chardonnay clone 76 (Moët & Chandon)

2,4-d :

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

GM:

modified Murashige & Skoog medium with glycerol, maltose and NOA

GMo:

GM medium without NOA

L:

Lepoivre medium

MS:

Murashige & Skoog medium

NAA:

α-naphthaleneacetic acid

NOA:

naphthoxyacetic acid

PCV:

packed cell volume

PGR:

plant growth regulator

Z:

zeatin

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Physiologie du Développement des Plantes, U.R.A. C.N.R.S. 1180, Université P. et M. Curie, 4 place Jussieu, Tour 53, 5ème étage, B 156, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France

    Isabelle Goebel-Tourand, Lucienne Sossountzov & Emile Miginiac

  2. S. A. Champagne Moët et Chandon, Service des Vignes, 20 avenue de Champagne, 51205, Epernay, France

    Marie-Claude Mauro & Alain Deloire

Authors
  1. Isabelle Goebel-Tourand
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  2. Marie-Claude Mauro
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  3. Lucienne Sossountzov
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  4. Emile Miginiac
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  5. Alain Deloire
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Goebel-Tourand, I., Mauro, MC., Sossountzov, L. et al. Arrest of somatic embryo development in grapevine: histological characterization and the effect of ABA, BAP and zeatin in stimulating plantlet development. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 33, 91–103 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01997603

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01997603

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