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Geochemistry of post-extinction microbialites as a powerful tool to assess the oxygenation of shallow marine water in the immediate aftermath of the end-Permian mass extinction

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Abstract

Rapid and profound changes in earth surface environments and biota across the Permian–Triassic boundary are well known and relate to the end-Permian mass extinction event. This major crisis is demonstrated by abrupt facies change and the development of microbialite carbonates on the shallow marine shelves around Palaeo-Tethys and western Panthalassa. Microbialites have been described from a range of sites in end-Permian and basal Triassic marine sedimentary rocks, immediately following the end-Permian mass extinction. Here, we present geochemical data primarily focused on microbialites. Our geochemical analysis shows that U, V, Mo and REE (Ce anomaly) may be used as robust redox proxies so that the microbialites record the chemistry of the ancient ambient sea water. Among the three trace metals reputed to be reliable redox proxies, one (V) is correlated here with terrigenous supply, the other two elements (U and Mo) do not show any significant authigenic enrichment, thereby indicating that oxic conditions prevailed during the growth of microbialites. REE profiles show a prominent negative Ce anomaly, also showing that the shallow marine waters were oxic. Our geochemical data are consistent with the presence of some benthic organisms (ostracods, scattered microgastropods, microbrachiopods and foraminifers) in shallow marine waters that survived the mass extinction event.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to A. Lethiers, F. Delbès, A. Michel and B. Villemant for technical support. The authors thank Q. Feng, J. Haas, K. Hips and Erdal Kosun for their help in the field. This paper is a contribution to IGCP 572 “Restoration of marine ecosystems following the Permian–Triassic mass extinction: lessons for the present”. K. Föllmi and an anonymous reviewer are thanked for their constructive suggestions that helped to improve the manuscript.

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  1. M. B. Forel

    Present address: Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CNRS UMR 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000, Dijon, France

    P. Y. Collin

  2. Institute for the Environment, Halsbury Building, Brunel University, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH, UK

    S. Kershaw

  3. CNRS UMR 8217 Géosystèmes, Université Lille 1, Bâtiment SN5, 59655, Villeneuve d’Ascq Cedex, France

    N. Tribovillard

  4. CR2P, MNHN-CNRS-Université Pierre and Marie Curie - Paris 06, 4 Place Jussieu, Case 104, 75005, Paris, France

    M. B. Forel & S. Crasquin

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Collin, P.Y., Kershaw, S., Tribovillard, N. et al. Geochemistry of post-extinction microbialites as a powerful tool to assess the oxygenation of shallow marine water in the immediate aftermath of the end-Permian mass extinction. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 104, 1025–1037 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-014-1125-3

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