Abstract
Salt-tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (ST-PGPR) are known to ameliorate salt stress in plants by various mechanisms. The current study aims to investigate the role of an ST-PGPR strain Pseudomonas taiwanensis PWR-1 applied along with a reduced dose of mineral fertilizers (N, P, and K) in the improvement of the antioxidant and nutritional properties of wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in saline soil. Application of P. taiwanensis PWR-1 along with 50% of the recommended dose of mineral fertilizers resulted in a significant improvement of growth parameters including shoot length (22.79%), root length (20.38%), fresh weight (13.15%), dry weight (92.34%), vigor index (13.36%), and relative water content (48.24%). The combined application of PWR-1 and mineral fertilizers increased the production of osmoprotectants (proline, total soluble sugars, glycine betaine), antioxidants (SOD, POD, APX, CAT, PPO, and reduced glutathione), and free radical scavengers (DPPH and H2O2) in wheatgrass. Furthermore, the concentration of micronutrients (Zn and Fe), macronutrients (N, and P), and vitamins (B1 and E) also increased in the above treatment. Oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage) and Na+ accumulation were significantly reduced whilst K+ content increased in the shoot, which helped in maintaining the K+/Na+ ratio in wheatgrass under saline conditions. The results indicated that the application of ST-PGPR could not only reduce the dosage of mineral fertilizers but might be useful for improving the nutritional and antioxidant properties of medicinal crops such as wheatgrass under salt-stress conditions. Implementing this approach could result in the reduction of chemical usage, while also facilitating enhanced uptake of micronutrients in crops, particularly in regions affected by salinity.
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The authors are thankful to the funding agency Department of Science and Technology (DST), New Delhi, India-SEED (Grant no. SEED/SCSP/2019/61BBAU/G), for providing financial assistance to carry out this work.
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Figure 1.
MALDI-TOF MS spectra of bacterial isolate PWR-1 indicating the protein profile (2-20KDa). Figure 2. Phylogenetic relationship based on 16S rRNA sequences between P. taiwanensis strain PWR-1 and the other P. tiwanensis 16S rRNA sequences deposited in GenBank. The neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree was prepared using the Maximum Composite likelihood model. Bootstrap values (1,000 replicates) are shown. The scale bar represents the percentage of substitutions per site. Accession number of P. taiwanensis strain was NR116172.1 (P. taiwanensis DSM 21245). Figure 3. HPLC- chromatogram showing changes in vitamin B1 and E content in wheatgrass in different treatments (a) standard of vit B1 (b) vit B1 in T1 (c) vit B1 in T2 (d) vit B1 in T3 (e) vit B1 in T4 (f) standard vit E (g) vit E in T1 (h) vit E in T2 (i) vit E in T3 (j) vit E in T4. (PDF 1624 KB)
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Mishra, P., Mishra, J. & Arora, N.K. Salt tolerant Pseudomonas taiwanensis PWR-1 in combination with a reduced dose of mineral fertilizers improves the nutritional and antioxidant properties of wheatgrass grown in saline soil. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 40, 11 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-023-03806-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-023-03806-x