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Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Vicia Faba Plants to Foliar Application of Zinc and Iron

Das physiologische und biochemische Ansprechen von Vicia faba auf die Blattbehandlung mit Zink und Eisen

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Abstract

Iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) are essential nutrients for plant growth and development. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted to examine the role of Zn and Fe on vegetative growth, photosynthetic pigments, soluble sugars, soluble protein, nitrate reductase (NR), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), minerals content, amino acid composition fraction, isozymes, and protein electrophoresis in faba bean plants foliar sprayed with FeSO4 and ZnSO4. The results revealed that foliar spray with 1 or 3 g/L of FeSO4 and ZnSO4 significantly increased all the abovementioned parameters compared to control plants. The activity of esterase increased with increasing concentration of Fe and Zn as compared to control plants. The most pronounced increase was found in plants treated with 3 g/L ZnSO4. Three bands of peroxidase isozyme were exhibited with different densities and intensities in all treatments. Three types of modification were observed in the protein patterns of faba bean leaves. Some protein bands disappeared, while other increased and synthesis of a new set of proteins was induced. It could be concluded that foliar spray with the two concentrations (1 or 3 g/L) of ZnSO4 and FeSO4 helped faba bean plants to overcome the deficiency in these minerals by producing antioxidant enzymes. Improved faba bean growth through adequate Fe and Zn foliar spray is likely a promising strategy to improve Vicia faba plants.

Zusammenfassung

Eisen (Fe) und Zink (Zn) sind essenzielle Nährstoffe für das Wachstum und die Entwicklung von Pflanzen. Es wurde ein Topfexperiment durchgeführt, um die Rolle von Zn und Fe im vegetativen Wachstum, im Gehalt an Photosynthesepigmenten, an löslichen Zuckern und Proteinen, an Nitratreduktase, Ascorbatperoxidase, Katalase und Mineralstoffen sowie an der Zusammensetzung im Aminosäureanteil, im Gehalt an Isoenzymen und in der Proteinelektrophorese von Ackerbohnenpflanzen (Vicia faba) zu untersuchen. Hierfür wurden deren Blätter mit FeSO4 und ZnSO4 besprüht. Die Ergebnisse haben gezeigt, dass das Besprühen der Blätter mit 1 bzw. 3 g/l FeSO4 und ZnSO4 alle o. g. Parameter im Vergleich zu den Kontrollpflanzen signifikant erhöhte. Die Aktivität der Esterase nahm mit steigender Behandlungskonzentration mit Fe und Zn im Vergleich zu den Kontrollpflanzen zu. Der deutlichste Anstieg wurde bei Pflanzen beobachtet, die mit 3 g/l ZnSO4 behandelt wurden. Bei allen Behandlungen wurden drei Peroxidaseisoenzymbänder mit unterschiedlicher Dichte und Intensität ausgebildet. Drei Arten von Veränderungen im Proteinmuster von Ackerbohnenblättern wurden beobachtet. Manche Proteinbänder verschwanden, während andere vermehrt auftraten. Außerdem wurde die Synthese neuer Proteine eingeleitet. Daraus lässt sich schlussfolgern, dass das Besprühen der Blätter mit zwei Konzentrationen (1 und 3 g/l) ZnSO4 und FeSO4 den Ackerbohnenpflanzen dabei hilft, ein Defizit an diesen Mineralstoffen durch Produktion antioxidativer Enzyme zu überwinden. Das Besprühen der Blätter mit Fe und Zn ist wahrscheinlich eine vielversprechende Strategie, um das Wachstum von Vicia faba zu verbessern.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biological and Geological Sciences Department Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, 1575, Cairo, Egypt

    Heba I. Mohamed

  2. Desert Research Center, 1Mathaf Al-Mataria, 11753, Mataria, Cairo, Egypt

    Esraa A. Elsherbiny

  3. Botany Department, National Research Center, 33 EL Bohouth Street, 12622, Dokki, Giza, Egypt

    Magdi T. Abdelhamid

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  1. Heba I. Mohamed
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Mohamed, H.I., Elsherbiny, E.A. & Abdelhamid, M.T. Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Vicia Faba Plants to Foliar Application of Zinc and Iron. Gesunde Pflanzen 68, 201–212 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-016-0378-0

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