Zusammenfassung
Innerhalb von wenigen Jahrzehnten hat das Internet zahlreiche Lebensbereiche einschneidend verändert. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet entsprechende Auswirkungen auf die psychologische Forschung und diskutiert Möglichkeiten qualitativer Forschungsvorhaben mithilfe internetbasierter Ansätze. Insbesondere die Besonderheiten von qualitativen Online-Interviews und Online-Beobachtungen werden näher beleuchtet und traditionellen Forschungsmethoden gegenübergestellt. Der Beitrag schließt mit einem Ausblick auf künftige technologische Entwicklungen wie Echtzeitmessung mittels Smartphones und der Analyse von Big Data in der Psychoinformatik, welche den Methodenkanon für qualitativ tätige Forschende erweitern.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literatur
Al-Saggaf, Y., & Williamson, K. (2004). Online communities in Saudi Arabia: Evaluating the impact on culture through online semi-structured interviews. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-5.3.564.
Arbeitskreis Deutscher Markt- und Sozialforschungsinstitute [ADM]. (2018). Zahlen zur Marktforschung. https://www.adm-ev.de/die-branche/mafo-zahlen. Zugegriffen am 09.07.2019.
Arbeitskreis Deutscher Markt- und Sozialforschungsinstitute [ADM], Arbeitsgemeinschaft Sozialwissenschaftlicher Institute [ASI], Berufsverband Deutscher Markt- und Sozialforscher [BVM], & Deutsche Gesellschaft für Online Forschung [DGOF]. (2014). Richtlinie für Untersuchungen in den und mittels der Sozialen Medien (Soziale Medien Richtlinie). http://rat-marktforschung.de/fileadmin/user_upload/pdf/R11_RDMS_D.pdf. Zugegriffen am 06.07.2019.
ARD/ZDF. (2018). ARD/ZDF-Onlinestudien 1997–2018. http://www.ard-zdf-onlinestudie.de. Zugegriffen am 09.07.2019.
Arth, C., Grasset, R., Gruber, L., Langlotz, T., Mulloni, A., & Wagner, D. (2015). The history of mobile augmented reality (Technischer Bericht ICG–TR–2015-001). Graz: University of Technology.
Bampton, R., Cowton, C. J., & Downs, Y. (2013). The e-interview in qualitative research. In N. Sappleton (Hrsg.), Advancing research methods with technologies (S. 329–343). Hershey: IGI Global.
Barratt, M. J. (2012). The efficacy of interviewing young drug users through online chat. Drug and Alcohol Review, 31, 566–572. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3362.2011.00399.x.
Beranuy, M., Carbonell, X., & Griffiths, M. D. (2013). A qualitative analysis of gaming addicts in treatment. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 11, 149–161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-012-9405-2.
Billig, M. (2001). Humour and hatred: The racist jokes of the Ku Klux Klan. Discourse and Society, 12, 291–313. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957926501012003001.
Buchanan, T., & Williams, J. E. (2010). Ethical issues in psychological research on the Internet. In S. D. Gosling & J. A. Johnson (Hrsg.), Advanced methods for conducting online behavioral research (S. 255–271). Washington, DC: APA.
Chaney, M. P., & Dew, B. J. (2003). Online experience of sexually compulsive men who have sex with men. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity, 10, 259–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/10720160390268960.
Cohen-Almagor, R. (2011). Internet history. International Journal of Technoethics, 2, 45–64. https://doi.org/10.4018/jte.2011040104.
Deakin, H., & Wakefield, K. (2014). Skype interviewing: Reflections of two PhD researchers. Qualitative Research, 14, 603–616. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794113488126.
Domínguez, D., Beaulieu, A., Estalella, A., Gómez, E., Read, R., & Schnettler, B. (Hrsg.). (2007). Virtuelle Ethnografie. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-8.3.274.
Döring, N., & Bortz, J. (2016). Forschungsmethoden und Evaluation in den Sozial- und Humanwissenschaften (5. Aufl.). Berlin/Deutschland: Springer.
Drisko, J. W. (2013). Qualitative data analysis software. In A. E. Fortune, W. J. Reid & R. L. Miller Jr. (Hrsg.), Qualitative research in social work (S. 284–303). New York: Columbia University Press.
Erdogan, G. (2001). Die Gruppendiskussion als qualitative Datenerhebung im Internet: Ein Online-Offline-Vergleich. kommunikation@gesellschaft, 2. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0228-200102040. Zugegriffen am 06.07.2019.
Evans, A., Elford, J., & Wiggins, D. (2008). Using the Internet for qualitative research. In C. Willig & W. S. Rogers (Hrsg.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research in psychology (S. 315–333). London: Sage.
Feldman, J., Romine, R. S., & Bockting, W. O. (2014). HIV risk behaviors in the US transgender population: Prevalence and predictors in a large Internet sample. Journal of Homosexuality, 61, 1558–1588. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2014.944048.
Franklin, R. A. (2010). The hate directory. http://web.archive.org/web/20140402122017/http://hatedirectory.com/hatedir.pdf. Zugegriffen am 06.07.2019.
Glaser, J., Dixit, J., & Green, D. P. (2002). Studying hate crime with the Internet: What makes racists advocate racial violence? Journal of Social Issues, 58, 177–193. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-4560.00255.
Gnambs, T., & Kaspar, K. (2015). Disclosure of sensitive behaviors across self-administered survey modes: A meta-analysis. Behavior Research Methods, 47, 1237–1259. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-014-0533-4.
Gnambs, T., & Kaspar, K. (2017). Socially desirable responding in web-based questionnaires: A meta-analytic review of the candor hypothesis. Assessment, 24, 746–762. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191115624547.
Gosling, S. D., & Mason, W. (2015). Internet research in psychology. Annual Review of Psychology, 66, 877–902. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010814-015321.
Gosling, S. D., Sandy, C. J., John, O. P., & Potter, J. (2010). Wired but not WEIRD: The promise of the Internet in reaching more diverse samples. Behavioral and Brain Science, 33, 94–95. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X10000300.
Griffiths, M. D., Hussain, Z., Grüsser, S. M., Thalemann, R., Cole, H., Davies, M. N., Chappell, D., et al. (2011). Social interactions in online gaming. International Journal of Game-Based Learning, 1, 20–36.
Herring, S. C. (2008). Virtual community. In L. M. Given (Hrsg.), The SAGE encyclopedia of qualitative research methods (Bd. 2, S. 920–921). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Hine, C. (2008). Virtual ethnography: Modes, varieties, affordances. In N. Fielding, R. M. Lee & G. Blank (Hrsg.), The Sage handbook of online research methods (S. 257–270). London: Sage.
Holtz, P., & Wagner, W. (2009). Essentialism and attribution of monstrosity in racist discourse: Right-wing Internet postings about Africans and Jews. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 19, 411–425. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.1005.
Hookway, N. (2008). Entering the blogosphere: Some strategies for using blogs in social research. Qualitative Research, 8, 91–113. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794107085298.
Hou, H. T. (2012). Exploring the behavioral patterns of learners in an educational massively multiple online role-playing game (MMORPG). Computers & Education, 58, 1225–1233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2011.11.015.
Huffaker, D. A., & Calvert, S. L. (2005). Gender, identity, and language use in teenage blogs. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2005.tb00238.x.
Klein, R. A., Ratliff, K., Vianello, M., Adams, R. B., Jr., Bahník, Š., Bernstein, M. J., Bocian, K., et al. (2014). Investigating variation in replicability: The „many labs“ replication project. Social Psychology, 45, 142–152. https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000178.
Klein, R. A., Vianello, M., Hasselman, F., Adams, B. G., Adams, R. B., Alper, S., Nosek, B. A., et al. (2018). Many Labs 2: Investigating variation in replicability across sample and setting. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 1, 443–490. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245918810225.
Kozinets, R. V. (2015). Netnography redefined. London: Sage.
Lee, R. M., Fielding, N. G., & Blank, G. (2008). The Internet as a research medium. In N. Fielding, R. M. Lee & G. Blank (Hrsg.), The Sage handbook of online research methods (S. 3–20). London: Sage.
Lim, M. S. C., Sacks-Davis, R., Aitken, C. K., Hocking, J. S., & Hellard, M. E. (2010). A randomised controlled trial of paper, online and SMS diaries for collecting sexual behaviour information from young people. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 64, 885–889. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2008.085316.
Liu, P., Tov, W., Kosinski, M., Stillwell, D. J., & Qiu, L. (2015). Do Facebook status updates reflect subjective well-being? Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, 18, 373–379. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2015.0022.
Madge, C., & O’Connor, H. (2002). On-line with e-mums: Exploring the Internet as a medium for research. Area, 34, 92–102. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-4762.00060.
Mann, C., & Stewart, F. (2002). Internet communication and qualitative research. London: Sage.
Mey, G., & Mruck, K. (2007). Open Access – Auswirkungen einer Informationskrise … als Chance für die Information. Journal für Psychologie, 15(2), https://www.journal-fuer-psychologie.de/index.php/jfp/article/view/130/121. Zugegriffen am 06.07.2019.
Moylan, C. A., Derr, A. S., & Lindhorst, T. (2015). Increasingly mobile: How new technologies can enhance qualitative research. Qualitative Social Work, 14, 36–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/1473325013516988.
Musch, J. (1997). Die Geschichte des Netzes: ein historischer Abriß. In B. Batinic (Hrsg.), Internet für Psychologen (S. 15–37). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Nosek, B. A., Alter, G., Banks, G. C., Borsboom, D., Bowman, S. D., Breckler, S. J., Yarkoni, T., et al. (2015). Promoting an open research culture. Science, 348, 1422–1425. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aab2374.
O’Connor, E. L., Longman, H., White, K. M., & Obst, P. L. (2015). Sense of community, social identity and social support among players of Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs): A qualitative analysis. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2224. Advance online publication.
Opdenakker, R. (2006). Advantages and disadvantages of four interview techniques in qualitative research. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 7(4), Art. 11. https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-7.4.175.
Park, G., Schwartz, H. A., Eichstaedt, J. C., Kern, M. L., Kosinski, M., Stillwell, D. J., Seligman, M. E., et al. (2015). Automatic personality assessment through social media language. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 108, 934–952. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000020.
Reid, D. J., & Reid, F. J. M. (2005). Online focus groups: An in-depth comparison of computer-mediated and conventional focus group discussion. International Journal of Market Research, 47, 131–162.
Rutter, J., & Smith, G. W. (2005). Ethnographic presence in a nebulous setting. In C. Hine (Hrsg.), Virtual methods: Issues in social research on the Internet (S. 81–92). Oxford: Berg.
Schiek, D., & Ullrich, C. G. (2015). Tagungsbericht: Qualitative Online-Erhebungen. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-16.2.2365.
Schroeder, R. (2006). Being there and the future of connected presence. Presence: Journal of Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 15, 438–454. https://doi.org/10.1162/pres.15.4.438.
Skitka, L. J., & Sargis, E. (2006). The Internet as psychological laboratory. Annual Review of Psychology, 57, 529–555. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.57.102904.190048.
Subrahmanyam, K., Reich, S. M., Waechter, N., & Espinoza, G. (2008). Online and offline social networks: Use of social networking sites by emerging adults. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 29, 420–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2008.07.003.
Synnot, A., Hill, S., Summers, M., & Taylor, M. (2014). Comparing face-to-face and online qualitative research with people with multiple sclerosis. Qualitative Health Research, 24, 431–438. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732314523840.
Tilley, L., & Woodthorpe, K. (2011). Is it the end for anonymity as we know it? A critical examination of the ethical principle of anonymity in the context of 21st century demands on the qualitative researcher. Qualitative Research, 11, 197–212. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794110394073.
Tippins, N. T. (2015). Technology and assessment in selection. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 2, 551–582. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031413-091317.
Trull, T. J., & Ebner-Priemer, U. (2013). Ambulatory assessment. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9, 151–176. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185510.
Trull, T. J., & Ebner-Priemer, U. (2014). The role of ambulatory assessment in psychological science. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23, 466–470. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721414550706.
Tynes, B. M. (2007). Role taking in online „classrooms“: What adolescents are learning about race and ethnicity. Developmental Psychology, 43, 1312–1320. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.43.6.1312.
Waskul, D., & Douglass, M. (1996). Considering the electronic participant: Some polemical observations on the ethics of on-line research. The Information Society, 12, 129–139. https://doi.org/10.1080/713856142.
Wicherts, J. M. (2013). Science revolves around the data. Journal of Open Psychology Data, 1(1), e1. https://doi.org/10.5334/jopd.e1.
Williams, M. (2007). Avatar watching: Participant observation in graphical online environments. Qualitative Research, 7, 5–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794107071408.
Woods, M., Paulus, T., Atkirns, D. P., & Macklin, R. (2016). Advancing qualitative research using qualitative data analysis software (QDAS)? Reviewing potential versus practice in published studies using ATLAS.ti and NVivo, 1994–2013. Social Science Computer Review, 34, 597–617. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894439315596311.
Yarkoni, T. (2012). Psychoinformatics: New horizons at the interface of the psychological and computing sciences. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 21, 391–397. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721412457362.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature
About this entry
Cite this entry
Gnambs, T., Batinic, B. (2020). Qualitative Online-Forschung. In: Mey, G., Mruck, K. (eds) Handbuch Qualitative Forschung in der Psychologie. Springer Reference Psychologie . Springer, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-18387-5_24-2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-18387-5_24-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Wiesbaden
Print ISBN: 978-3-658-18387-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-658-18387-5
eBook Packages: Springer Referenz Psychologie
Publish with us
Chapter history
-
Latest
Qualitative Online-Forschung- Published:
- 13 February 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-18387-5_24-2
-
Original
Qualitative Methoden der Psychologischen Online-Forschung- Published:
- 29 July 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-18387-5_24-1