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The Family Rhodospirillaceae

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The Prokaryotes

Abstract

Rhodospirillaceae Pfennig and Trüper 1971, 17AL

Rhodospirillaceae are a family within the order Rhodospirillales in the subclass of Alphaproteobacteria. The family Rhodospirillaceae, the so-called purple non-sulfur bacteria, have the type genus Rhodospirillum and embrace a total of 34 genera: Azospirillum, Caenispirillum, Constrictibacter, Defluviicoccus, Desertibacter, Dongia, Elstera, Ferrovibrio, Fodinicurvata, Inquilinus, Insolitispirillum, Limimonas, Magnetospira, Magnetospirillum, Magnetovibrio, Marispirillum, Nisaea, Novispirillum, Oceanibaculum, Pelagibius, Phaeospirillum, Phaeovibrio, Rhodocista, Rhodospira, Rhodospirillum, Pararhodospirillum, Rhodovibrio, Roseospira, Skermanella, Telmatospirillum, Thalassobaculum, Thalassospira, Tistlia, and Tistrella. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, the genera within the Rhodospirillaceae can be grouped into three big clusters: Azospirillum–Skermanella–Desertibacter–Rhodocista–Dongia–Elstera–Inquilinus, Magnetospirillum–Nisaea–Thalassobaculum–Oceanibaculum–Fodinicurvata –Pelagibius –Tistlia–Phaeospirillum–Telmatospirillum–Defluviicoccus–Tistrella–Constrictibacter–Rhodovibrio–Limimonas, and Rhodospirillum–Pararhodospirillum–Roseospira–Rhodospira–Phaeovibrio–Novispirillum–Marispirillum–Insolitispirillum–Caenispirillum–Thalassospira–Magnetospira–Magnetovibrio–Ferrovibrio. Some genera in the family Rhodospirillaceae grow photoheterotrophically under anoxic conditions in the light and chemoheterotrophically in the dark, while others grow heterotrophically under aerobic/microaerobic conditions. The members of the Rhodospirillaceae stain Gram negative and form rod shaped to spirillum-formed cells. The chemoheterotrophs include the facultative anaerobic genera Skermanella, Telmatospirillum, Caenispirillum, Thalassobaculum, and Nisaea and the strictly aerobic and microoxic genera Azospirillum, Conglomeromonas, Magnetospirillum, Thalassospira, Tistrella, and Inquilinus. The genus Azospirillum contains several diazotrophic, plant-associated bacteria having plant growth-promoting potential with agricultural application. Other genera include strains with interesting biotechnological potentials. Some genera also harbor opportunistic pathogenic bacteria, whose risk potential is not yet clear.

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Acknowledgements

The support of INCT-FBN, CNPq, FAPERJ, as well as EMBRAPA Agrobiologia and Helmholtz Zentrum München is greatly acknowledged. The chapter was prepared with contributions from all of the authors and they contributed equally.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Genética e Bioquímica, Pavilhão Johanna Döbereiner, Embrapa Agrobiologia, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil

    José Ivo Baldani

  2. Embrapa Agrobiologia, Br 465 Km 07, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil

    Kátia Regina dos Santos Teixeira, Veronica Massena Reis, Stefan Schwab & Vera Lúcia Divan Baldani

  3. UniFOA- Centro Universitário de Volta Redonda – Avenida Paulo Erlei Alves Abrantes, 1325, Três Poços, Volta Redonda, RJ, Brazil

    Sandy Sampaio Videira

  4. Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology – CCE, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil

    André Luiz Martinez de Oliveira

  5. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, PR, Brazil

    Emanuel Maltempi de Souza

  6. Faculty of Agronomy and Zootechnics, National University of Tucumán, Av. Kirchner 1900, 4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina

    Raúl O. Pedraza

  7. Department for Environmental Sciences, Research Unit Microbe-Plant Interactions, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany

    Anton Hartmann

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  1. José Ivo Baldani
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  2. Sandy Sampaio Videira
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  8. Raúl O. Pedraza
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  9. Vera Lúcia Divan Baldani
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  10. Anton Hartmann
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to José Ivo Baldani .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Eugene Rosenberg

  2. Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Edward F. DeLong

  3. Center for Microbial Oceanography: Research and Education, University of Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA

    Edward F. DeLong

  4. Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Stephen Lory

  5. Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany

    Erko Stackebrandt

  6. Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Fabiano Thompson

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Baldani, J.I. et al. (2014). The Family Rhodospirillaceae. In: Rosenberg, E., DeLong, E.F., Lory, S., Stackebrandt, E., Thompson, F. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30197-1_300

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