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Bacterial Succession within an Ephemeral Hypereutrophic Mojave Desert Playa Lake

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Abstract

Ephemerally wet playas are conspicuous features of arid landscapes worldwide; however, they have not been well studied as habitats for microorganisms. We tracked the geochemistry and microbial community in Silver Lake playa, California, over one flooding/desiccation cycle following the unusually wet winter of 2004–2005. Over the course of the study, total dissolved solids increased by ∽10-fold and pH increased by nearly one unit. As the lake contracted and temperatures increased over the summer, a moderately dense planktonic population of ∽1 × 106 cells ml−1 of culturable heterotrophs was replaced by a dense population of more than 1 × 109 cells ml−1, which appears to be the highest concentration of culturable planktonic heterotrophs reported in any natural aquatic ecosystem. This correlated with a dramatic depletion of nitrate as well as changes in the microbial community, as assessed by small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of bacterial isolates and uncultivated clones. Isolates from the early-phase flooded playa were primarily Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes, yet clone libraries were dominated by Betaproteobacteria and yet uncultivated Actinobacteria. Isolates from the late-flooded phase ecosystem were predominantly Proteobacteria, particularly alkalitolerant isolates of Rhodobaca, Porphyrobacter, Hydrogenophaga, Alishwenella, and relatives of Thauera; however, clone libraries were composed almost entirely of Synechococcus (Cyanobacteria). A sample taken after the playa surface was completely desiccated contained diverse culturable Actinobacteria typically isolated from soils. In total, 205 isolates and 166 clones represented 82 and 44 species-level groups, respectively, including a wide diversity of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, Acidobacteria, and Cyanobacteria.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Carrie Laughead, Joy Hallmark, Journet Wallace, Peter Starkweather, Natasha Zolotova, Everett Shock, and Bilal Zaatiti for assistance in the field and laboratory. Kyle Costa helped with both field work and with changes to the figures in advanced versions of the manuscript. We also thank Frank van Breukelen for the use of equipment. We thank the following individuals for reviewing the manuscript: Ron Oremland, Eduardo Robleto, Kyle Costa, Ralph Seiler, Michael Lico, Jeremy Dodsworth, and four anonymous reviewers.

This work was supported by NSF Grant Numbers EPS-9977809, MCB-0546865, start-up funds from UNLV to BPH and from DRI to DPM, and a Las Vegas Centennial Grant to BPH. AF was supported by the TRIO McNair Summer Scholar Research Institute and JBN was supported by a fellowship through NIH Grant Number_P20 RR016464_. This publication was also made possible by support to the Nevada Genomics Center through Grant Number _P20 RR016464_ from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, 89154-4004, USA

    Jason B. Navarro, Duane P. Moser, Andrea Flores, Christian Ross & Brian P. Hedlund

  2. Division of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV, 89119, USA

    Duane P. Moser

  3. Nevada Water Science Center, United States Geological Survey, Carson City, NV, 89701, USA

    Michael R. Rosen

  4. Department of Geology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA

    Hailiang Dong & Gengxin Zhang

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  1. Jason B. Navarro
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Navarro, J.B., Moser, D.P., Flores, A. et al. Bacterial Succession within an Ephemeral Hypereutrophic Mojave Desert Playa Lake. Microb Ecol 57, 307–320 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-008-9426-3

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