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Hydrocarbon-Degrading Sphingomonads: Sphingomonas, Sphingobium, Novosphingobium, and Sphingopyxis

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Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology

Abstract:

Hydrocarbon-degrading members of the Sphingomonadaceae (Sphingomonas, Sphingobium, Novosphingobium, and Sphingopyxis) are common gram-negative, aerobic organisms that have been isolated from a wide variety of environments, including temperate and polar soils, marine sediments, and plant tissues where they occur as endophytes. They degrade a broad range of mono- and polycyclic aromatic compounds, and the genetics and enzymology of these processes have been elucidated in some detail. In sphingomonads the biodegradation gene loci are often widely distributed on the genome and not co-localized as in other hydrocarbon-degrading genera, which has hindered genetic manipulation, but they are nonetheless potent candidates for bioremediation applications. Sphingomonad strains are easily cultivable, but recent results suggest that their role in degradation of recalcitrant aromatics in contaminated soils in situ may be less than previously thought.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful for support from the Heiwa Nakajima Foundation and from the Natural Environment Research Council.

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  1. Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

    M. A. Kertesz* & A. Kawasaki

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  1. M. A. Kertesz*
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  1. Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany

    Kenneth N. Timmis (Professor) (Professor)

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Kertesz*, M.A., Kawasaki, A. (2010). Hydrocarbon-Degrading Sphingomonads: Sphingomonas, Sphingobium, Novosphingobium, and Sphingopyxis. In: Timmis, K.N. (eds) Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_119

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