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A framework employing the AHP and FR methods to assess the landslide susceptibility of the Western Ghats region in Kollam district

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Abstract

Landslides are the most frequently occurring geohazard in the Western Ghats due to the steep terrain and heavy rainfall the area receives. This research aims to develop a framework to demarcate the zones susceptible to landslides employing geographic information system (GIS) technique. The Western Ghats region in Kollam district is selected for the modelling. Landsat satellite images, digital elevation model, published topographic, soil and geological maps, Google Earth Pro are the sources used in the study. Ten major parameters that impact landslide susceptibility are used, which include slope angle, elevation, slope aspect, stream buffer, lithology, soil, road buffer, normalized difference vegetation index, land use and land cover, and lineament buffer. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and frequency ratio (FR) methods were used to determine the relative weights of each parameter on landslide susceptibility, and the maps were prepared using ArcGIS software. The study area was demarcated into five zones of susceptibility. According to the analysis, 33% and 23% of the area are classified as high and very high susceptible zones in maps generated using the AHP and FR methods, respectively. The landslide occurrence in this area can be attributed to both natural as well as anthropogenic activities (mainly due to road cuttings). To validate the result of this study, the landslide incidence data collected from the National Remote Sensing Centre has been utilized. The validation confirmed that the results are outstanding, with an AUC value of 0.906 and 0.926 for the AHP and FR methods, respectively. The outcome of the study is useful for land-use planners, policymakers, and the government in taking effective preventive and mitigation measures in the areas of higher susceptibility to minimize the loss of property and fatalities.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to thank the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), Hyderabad, India for providing landslide incidence data. Authors are thankful to Dr. Paolo Tarolli, Associate Professor, Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padova, Italy for the constructive comments which helped to improve the quality of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Pathanapuram, Kollam, Kerala, India

    B. G. Babitha

  2. Centre Universitaire de Recherche et d’Application en Télédétection (CURAT), Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast

    Jean Homian Danumah

  3. Kerala State Emergency Operations Centre, Kerala State Disaster Management Authority, Thiruvananthapuram, India

    G. S. Pradeep, Pratheesh C. Mammen, R. S. Ajin & Sekhar L. Kuriakose

  4. National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, Bucharest, Romania

    Romulus Costache

  5. Department of Remote Sensing, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

    Nilanchal Patel

  6. Department of Remote Sensing, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

    Megha K. Prasad

  7. Department of Geology, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India

    A. Rajaneesh

  8. Resilience Development Initiative (RDI), Bandung, Indonesia

    R. S. Ajin

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  1. B. G. Babitha
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  2. Jean Homian Danumah
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  3. G. S. Pradeep
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  10. Sekhar L. Kuriakose
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Correspondence to R. S. Ajin.

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Babitha, B.G., Danumah, J.H., Pradeep, G.S. et al. A framework employing the AHP and FR methods to assess the landslide susceptibility of the Western Ghats region in Kollam district. Saf. Extreme Environ. 4, 171–191 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42797-022-00061-5

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