Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Characteristics and genesis of mineral water from Changbai Mountain, Northeast China

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Environmental Earth Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Mineral water from Changbai Mountain is the main source of drinking water, and a major component of the economy, in Jingyu County, Jilin Province, Northeast China. In this study, the hydrochemical characteristics of 18 mineral springs are examined. Mineral water samples from each of these springs were collected and analysed for major anions and cations, electrical conductivity and pH. Results showed that the ion concentrations were low, suggesting that there is minimal influence from anthropogenic activities. Silica and strontium were the dominant components of the water. The mineral water is classified as a silicate type. The type of mineral water is Ca2++Mg2+–HCO3 −. Mineral water ages ranged from 11 to 61 years, which indicate that the mineral water circulation is local. Rocks in the area mainly consist of olivine, albite, anorthite, pyroxene and potassium feldspar. Geochemical modelling showed that they are undersaturated with respect to olivine, albite, anorthite, pyroxene, fluorite and strontianite. Olivine, albite, anorthite, pyroxene and potassium feldspar dissolved in the water–rock interaction experiments. Hydrochemical elements are produced by water–rock interactions: silica is produced from olivine, albite, anorthite and pyroxene, and strontium is produced by strontianite. CO2 is beneficial for silicate and strontium formation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alexakis D (2011) Diagnosis of stream sediment quality and assessment of toxic element contamination sources in East Attica, Greece. Environ Earth Sci 63:1369–1383

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • APHA (1998) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 20th edn. American Public Health Association, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  • Arab S, Alshikh A (2010) Estimating of some trace elements in mineral water in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Life Sci J 7:133–137

    Google Scholar 

  • Baghvand A, Nasrabadi T, Nabi Bidhendi GN, Vosoogh A, Mehrdadi N, Karbassi A (2010) Groundwater quality degradation of an aquifer in Iran central desert. Desalination 260:264–275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bahri F, Saibi H (2012) Characterization, classification, bacteriological, and evaluation of groundwater from 24 wells in six departments of Algeria. Arab J Geosci 5:1449–1458

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bahri F, Saibi H, Cherchali M-E (2011) Characterization, classification, and determination of drinkability of some Algerian thermal waters. Arab J Geosci 4:207–219

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bai ZD, Xu DB, Zhang BL, Zhang T, Bo J (2006) Study on type and phase of Quaternary explosive volcanism in Longgang volcanic cluster. Acta Petrologica Sinica 22:1473–1480 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bathrellos GD, Skilodimou HD, Kelepertsis A, Alexakis D, Chrisanthaki D, Archonti D (2008) Environmental research of groundwater in the urban and suburban areas of Attica region, Greece. Environ Geol 56:11–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dar IA, Dar MA, Sankar K (2010) Nitrate contamination in groundwater of Sorope town and its environs, Kashmir, India. Arab J Geosci 3:267–272

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Edmunds WM, Carrillo-Rivera JJ, Cardona A (2002) Geochemical evolution of groundwater beneath Mexico City. J Hydrol 258:1–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • He L, Zhou CZ, Xie YK, Gao YF (2008) Water and rock reaction model solution by the Excel programming. Chinese J Underground Space Engineer 4:265–268 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jamshidzadeh Z, Mirbagheri SA (2011) Evaluation of groundwater quantity and quality in the Kashan Basin, Central Iran. Desalination 270:23–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lambrakis N (2006) Multi component heterovalent chromatography in aquifers: modelling salinization and freshening phenomena infield conditions. J Hydrol 323:230–243

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin CY, Abdullah MH, Praveena SM, Yahaya AHB, Musta B (2012) Delineation of temporal variability and governing factors influencing the spatial variability of shallow groundwater chemistry in a tropical sedimentary island. J Hydrol 432–433:26–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu F, Mou WJ, Sun XS, Zhang GP (2010) Application of MATLAB to inverse geochemical simulation. J Water Res Water Eng 1:151–153 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Locsey KL, Grigorescu M, Cox ME (2012) Water–rock interactions: an investigation of the relationships between mineralogy and groundwater composition and flow in a subtropical basalt aquifer. Aquat Geochem 18:45–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parisi S, Paternosterb M, Perrc F, Mongelli G (2011) Source and mobility of minor and trace elements in a volcanic aquifer system: mt. Vulture (southern Italy). J Geochem Explor 110:233–244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parkhurst DL, Appelo CAJ (1999) User’s guide to PHREEQC (version 2)––a computer program for speciation, batch––reaction, one–dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations. U S Geolo Surv Water-Res Invest Rep 99–4259:312

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramkumar T, Venkatramanan S, Anithamary I, Ibrahim SMS (2013) Evaluation of hydrogeochemical parameters and quality assessment of the groundwater in Kottur blocks, Tiruvarur district, Tamilnadu, India. Arab J Geosci 6:101–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rouabhia A, Baali F, Fehdi C (2010) Impact of agricultural activity and lithology on groundwater quality in the Merdja area, Tebessa, Algeria. Arab J Geosci 3:307–318

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stamatis G, Lambrakis N, Alexakis D, Zagana E (2006) Groundwater quality in eastern Attica (Greece). Hydrol Process 20:2803–2818

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stamatis G Alexakis D, Gamvroula D, Migiros G (2011) Groundwater quality assessment in Oropos-Kalamos basin, Attica, Greece. Environ Earth Sci 64:973–988

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang XQ, Sun S (1988) The distribution of silicaeous hydrogen carbonate type water in Cenozoic basalt of China and its mechanism of formation. J Hebei College Geology 11:39–55 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang BF (2001) The distributive characteristics of Jingyu mineral water field in the Changbaishan area, Jilin province and its suggestion for developmental strategy. Jilin Geol 20:58–61 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang N, Yin JJ, Liang XJ, Li YX, Wu SL (2012) Establishment of three-dimensional model of geological structures based on DEM model. Water-Saving Irrigation 8:27–30 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the “11th Five-Year Plan” Science and Technology Project of China (2006BAB04A09-02, 2007BAB28B04-03) and by the Science and Technology Key Research of Jilin Province (20100452).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Aquatic Environment, College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China

    Baizhong Yan, Changlai Xiao & Xiujuan Liang

  2. School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410000, People’s Republic of China

    Runchu Wei

  3. Changbai Mountain Natural Mineral Water Source Protection Areas Jingyu Authority, Baishan, 135200, People’s Republic of China

    Shili Wu

Authors
  1. Baizhong Yan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Changlai Xiao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xiujuan Liang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Runchu Wei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Shili Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Changlai Xiao.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yan, B., Xiao, C., Liang, X. et al. Characteristics and genesis of mineral water from Changbai Mountain, Northeast China. Environ Earth Sci 73, 4819–4829 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3774-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-014-3774-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation