Abstract
In this work, a novel type of composite scaffold was designed, which has the suitability of both high biocompatibility and strong mechanical properties, for use in bioartificial dermis applications. The reinforced scaffold consisted of a lyophilized collagen sponge formed around a cross-linked collagen meshwork with an average thread diameter of approximately 55 μm. Fibroblasts were cultured in the reinforced collagen sponge for 7 days, during which time the pores in the sponge became filled with cells that secreted extracellular matrix (ECM) to form a bioartificial dermis. Results of ultimate tensile strength (UTS) measurements and compression tests indicated that the bioartificial dermis formed around the reinforced collagen sponge showed about ten times the strength of the bioartificial dermis formed around a typical collagen sponge (1.5 ± 0.05 vs. 0.15 ± 0.05 and 2.5 ± 0.1 vs. 0.2 ± 0.08 MPa, respectively). As a result, reinforced collagen mesh improved mechanical properties and this technique will be possible to make stronger scaffolds, not only for artificial skin applications but also various artificial tissues, such as synthetic cartilage, bone, and blood vessels.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Kuroyanagi, Y., N. Yamada, R. Yamashita, and E. Uchinuma (2001) Tissue-engineered product: allogeneic cultured dermal substitute composed of spongy collagen with fibroblasts. Artif. Organs 25: 180–186.
Burke, J. F., I. V. Yannas, W. C. Quinby, Jr., C. C. Bondoc, and W. K. Jung (1981) Successful use of a physiologically acceptable artificial skin in the treatment of extensive burn injury. Ann. Surg. 194: 413–428.
Matsui, R., N. Okura, K. Osaki, J. Konishi, K. Ikegami, and M. Koide (1996) Histological evaluation of skin reconstruction using artificial dermis. Biomaterials 17: 995–1000.
Kremer, M., E. Lang, and A. C. Berger (2000) Evaluation of dermal-epidermal skin equivalents (’composite-skin’) of human keratinocytes in a collagen-glycosaminoglycan matrix (Integra™ Artificial Skin). Br. J. Plast. Surg. 53: 459–465.
Hansbrough, J. F., D. W. Mozingo, G. P. Kealey, M. Davis, A. Gidner, and G. D. Gentzkow (1997) Clinical trials of a biosynthetic temporary skin replacement, dermagrafttransitional covering, compared with cryopreserved human cadaver skin for temporary coverage of excised burn wounds. J. Burn Care Rehabil. 18: 43–51.
Hansbrough, J. F., M. L. Cooper, R. Cohen, R. Spielvogel, G. Greenleaf, R. L. Bartel, and G. Naughton (1992) Evaluation of a biodegradable matrix containing cultured human fibroblasts as a dermal replacement beneath meshed skin grafts on athymic mice. Surgery 111: 438–446.
Choi, Y. S., S. M. Lim, H. C. Shin, C. W. Lee, and D. I. Kim (2006) Chondrogenic properties of human periosteum-derived progenitor cells (PDPCs) embedded in a thermoreversible gelation polymer (TGP). Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 11: 550–552.
Min, B. H., B. H. Choi, and S. R. Park (2007) Low intensity ultrasound as a supporter of cartilage regeneration and its engineering. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 12: 22–31.
Hodde, J. (2002) Naturally occurring scaffolds for soft tissue repair and regeneration. Tissue Eng. 8: 295–308.
Kawai, K., S. Suzuki, Y. Tabata, Y. Ikada, and Y. Nishimura (2000) Accelerated tissue regeneration through incorporation of basic fibroblast growth factor-impregnated gelatin microspheres into artificial dermis. Biomaterials 21: 489–499.
Cheema, U., S. N. Nazhat, B. Alp, F. Foroughi, N. Anandagoda, and V. Mudera, and R. A. Brown (2007) Fabricating tissues: Analysis of farming versus engineering strategies. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 12: 9–14.
Jo, I., J. M. Lee, H. Suh, and H. Kim (2007) Bone tissue engineering using marrow stromal cells. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 12: 48–53.
Li, Y. and S. T. Yang (2001) Effects of three-dimensional scaffolds on cell organization and tissue development. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 6: 311–325.
Itoh, M., Y. Hiraoka, K. Kataoka, N. H. Huh, Y. Tabata, and H. Okochi (2004) Novel collagen sponge reinforced with polyglycolic acid fiber produces robust, normal hair in murine hair reconstitution model. Tissue Eng. 10: 818–824.
Gorham, S. D., M. J. Monsour, and R. Scott (1987) The in vitro assessment of a collagen/vicryl (polyglactin) composite film together with candidate suture materials for use in urinary tract surgery. I. Physical testing. Urol. Res. 15: 53–59.
Cavallaro, J. F., P. D. Kemp, and K. H. Kraus (1994) Collagen fabrics as biomaterials. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 43: 781–791.
Dagalakis, N., J. Flink, P. Stasikelis, J. F. Burke, and I. V. Yannas (1980) Design of an artificial skin. Part III. Control of pore structure. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 14: 511–528.
Boyce, S. T., D. J. Christianson, and J. F. Hansbrough (1988) Structure of a collagen-GAG dermal skin substitute optimized for cultured human epidermal keratinocytes. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 22: 939–957.
Pieper, J. S., A. Oosterhof, P. J. Dijkstra, J. H. Veerkamp, and T. H. van Kuppevelt (1999) Preparation and characterization of porous crosslinked collagenous matrices containing bioavailable chondroitin sulphate. Biomaterials 20: 847–858.
Pieper, J. S., T. Hafmans, J. H. Veerkamp, and T. H. Kuppevelt (2000) Development of tailor-mad collagenglycosaminoglycan matrix: EDC/NHS crosslinking, and ultrastructural aspects. Biomaterials 21: 581–593.
Monsour, M. J., R. Mohammed, S. D. Gorham, D. A. French, and R. Scott (1987) An assessment of a collagen/vicryl composite membrane to repair defects of the urinary bladder in rabbits. Urol. Res. 15: 235–238.
Scott, R., R. Mohammed, S. D. Gorham, D. A. French, M. J. Monsour, A. Shivas, and T. Hyland (1988) The evolution of a biodegradable membrane for use in urological surgery. A summary of 109 in vivo experiments. Br. J. Urol. 62: 26–31.
Gemmell, C. G., S. D. Gorham, M. J. Monsour, F. McMillan, and R. Scott (1988) The in-vitro assessment of a collagen/vicryl (polyglactin) composite film together with candidate suture materials for potential use in urinary tract surgery. III. Adherence of bacteria to the material surface. Urol. Res. 16: 381–384.
Scott, R., S. D. Gorham, M. Aitcheson, S. P. Bramwell, M. J. Speakman, and R. N. Meddings (1991) First clinical report of a new biodegradable membrane for use in urological surgery. Br. J. Urol. 68: 421–424.
Kanatani, I., A. Kanematsu, Y. Inatsugu, M. Imamura, H. Negoro, N. Ito, S. Yamamoto, Y. Tabata, Y. Ikada, and O. Ogawa (2007) Fabrication of an optimal urethral graft using collagen-sponge tubes reinforced with Co poly(L-lactide/epsilon-caprolactone) fabric. Tissue Eng. 13: 2933–2940.
Li, X., Q. Feng, W. Wang, and F. Cui (2006) Chemical characteristics and cytocompatibility of collagen-based scaffold reinforced by chitin fibers for bone tissue engineering. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B Appl. Biomater. 77: 219–226.
Li, X., Q. Feng, X. Liu, W. Dong, and F. Cui (2006) Collagen-based implants reinforced by chitin fibres in a goat shank bone defect model. Biomaterials 27: 1917–1923.
Hokugo, A., T. Takamoto, and Y. Tabata (2006) Preparation of hybrid scaffold from fibrin and biodegradable polymer fiber. Biomaterials 27: 61–67.
Meddings, N., R. Scott, R. Bullock, D. A. French, T. A. Hide, and S. D. Gorham (1992) Collagen vicryl — a new dural prosthesis. Acta Neurochir. 117: 53–58.
Young, C. D., J. R. Wu, and T. L. Tsou (1998) Highstrength, ultra-thin and fiber-reinforced pHEMA artificial skin. Biomaterials 19: 1745–1752.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Seo, YK., Youn, HH., Park, CS. et al. Reinforced bioartificial dermis constructed with collagen threads. Biotechnol Bioproc E 13, 745–751 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12257-008-0118-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12257-008-0118-0