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Nrf2 Weaves an Elaborate Network of Neuroprotection Against Stroke

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Abstract

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a neuroprotective transcription factor that has recently attracted increased attention. Stroke, a common and serious neurological disease, is currently a leading cause of death in the USA so far. It is therefore of vital importance to explore how Nrf2 behaves in stroke. In this review, we first introduce the structural features of Nrf2 and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and briefly depict the activation, inactivation, and regulation processes of the Nrf2 pathway. Next, we discuss the physiopathological mechanisms, upstream modulators, and downstream targets of the Nrf2 pathway. Following this background, we expand our discussion to the roles of Nrf2 in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and provide several potential future directions. The information presented here may be useful in the design of future experimental research and increase the likelihood of using Nrf2 as a therapeutic target for stroke in the future.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81500263) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015M572681).

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    1. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East, Zhengzhou, 450052, China

      Shuai Jiang, Zhenxing Liang & Yang Yang

    2. Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, China

      Shuai Jiang

    3. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi’an, 710032, China

      Chao Deng

    4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi’an, 710032, China

      Jianjun Lv, Wei Hu, Shouyin Di, Xiaolong Yan, Zhiqiang Ma & Yang Yang

    5. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 1 Xinsi Road, Xi’an, 710038, China

      Chongxi Fan

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    Shuai Jiang, Chao Deng and Jianjun Lv contributed equally to this work.

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    Jiang, S., Deng, C., Lv, J. et al. Nrf2 Weaves an Elaborate Network of Neuroprotection Against Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 54, 1440–1455 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-016-9707-7

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