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Genetic diversity and association mapping of cadmium tolerance in bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]

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Abstract

Background and aims

Identification of the association between Cd tolerance-related traits and molecular markers facilitates an efficient selection of the tolerant cultivars. The objectives of this study were to analyze the Cd tolerance and the genetic diversity of native bermudagrass accessions in China, and to identify marker-trait association with wild bermudagrass.

Methods

A countrywide collection of 120 bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] accessions were evaluated for Cd tolerance and genetic diversity with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers.

Result

Significant variations in 7 physiological parameters were observed among the accessions under Cd conditions. The 104 SSR primers amplified 1474 alleles. The average gene diversity and polymorphic information content (PIC) for the whole sample was 0.2270 and 0.1894, respectively. Clustering analysis showed that the distance of genetic relationship was affected by the cultivars of natural habitats and the edaphic conditions. Thirty one SSR markers were associated with more than one trait (P < 0.01), while 37 markers were identified by corrected P values (P < 3.5 × 10−4).

Conclusion

Thirty one SSR markers were associated with a reduction in 7 traits under Cd stress. These markers can be used for genetic improvement of Cd tolerance of bermudagrass after further validation.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 31101563) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31272194, 31401915).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan City, Hubei, 430074, People’s Republic of China

    Yan Xie, Xiaoyan Sun, Jing Ren, Jibiao Fan, Yanhong Lou, Jinmin Fu & Liang Chen

  2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China

    Yan Xie, Xiaoyan Sun, Jing Ren & Jibiao Fan

Authors
  1. Yan Xie
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  2. Xiaoyan Sun
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  3. Jing Ren
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  4. Jibiao Fan
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  5. Yanhong Lou
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  6. Jinmin Fu
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  7. Liang Chen
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jinmin Fu or Liang Chen.

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Responsible Editor: Juan Barcelo.

Electronic supplementary material

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Table S1

The code, name, origin and status of 120 bermudagrass accessions used in this study (PDF 24 kb)

Table S2

Heavy metal concentrations of polluted areas in Hunan province (PDF 13 kb)

Table S3

Characteristics of the 104 SSR primers used for the genetic relationship analysis in 120 bermudagrass accessions (PDF 37 kb)

Table S4

Range of turf quality (TQ), growth rate (GR), total chlorophyll content (Chl t), chlorophyll a content (Chl a), chlorophyll b content (Chl b), transpiration rate (TR) and leaf water content (LWC) for 120 bermudagrass accessions under control (CK) and Cd treatment (Cd) (PDF 19 kb)

Table S5

Cadmium concentrations in 12 bermudagrass accessions (PDF 17 kb)

Figure S1

An example of amplification profiles of SSR marker CDCA693-694 (PDF 234 kb)

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Xie, Y., Sun, X., Ren, J. et al. Genetic diversity and association mapping of cadmium tolerance in bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.]. Plant Soil 390, 307–321 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2391-y

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