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Polymer Based Palladium Nanocatalyst for the Degradation of Nitrate and Congo Red

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Abstract

In this study, the Pd catalyst based on chitosan-tannin (CT) framework as support was prepared and characterized. The CT support and Pd catalyst were characterized by attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (SEM–EDX) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). Attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectra revealed the coordination of Pd via hydroxyl and amino functional groups. Raman spectral analysis was carried out to give information about the structural defect of the catalyst compared to CT support. The SEM–EDX results revealed regular surface morphology and presence of Pd in the catalyst as compared to CT support. TEM analysis revealed that the deposition of Pd on organic support with a spherical shape possessing size in the range of 6.01 nm–20.7 nm (average particle size = 12.65 ± 3.14 nm). The XRD results revealed the amorphous nature of the catalyst compared to CT support. TGA analysis revealed that the catalyst is highly thermally-stable compared to CT support. The catalytic activity of Pd catalyst was investigated for the reduction of nitrate and Congo red in the presence and absence of H2. The catalytic activities exhibited 71.11% and 23% removal of nitrate and Congo red in 20 and 60 min, respectively. Thus, results suggested that Pd catalyst has a potential of catalytic activity toward reduction of nitrate and Congo red in presence H2.

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Acknowledgements

The authors highly acknowledge the Minsistry of Education, Malaysia, for providing the financial assistance through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) (R/FRGS/A08.00/00769A/001/2015/00296).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Campus Jeli, 17600, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia

    Irshad Ul Haq Bhat & Mohamad Nur Khairul Anwar

  2. School of Fundamental Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia

    Irshad Ul Haq Bhat

  3. Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Institute of Advanced Studies, Universiti Malaya, 50607, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Jimmy Nelson Appaturi

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  1. Irshad Ul Haq Bhat
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Bhat, I.U.H., Anwar, M.N.K. & Appaturi, J.N. Polymer Based Palladium Nanocatalyst for the Degradation of Nitrate and Congo Red. J Polym Environ 27, 1475–1487 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-019-01444-9

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