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Isolation of polyphenols with anticancer activity from the Baltic Sea brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus using bioassay-guided fractionation

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Abstract

Brown seaweeds have been used in phytotherapy since ancient times. A multitude of medical effects have been reported for their ingredients which also cover anticancer activities. Though being the most common brown seaweed in the Baltic Sea, nothing is known—apart from our recent publication (Geisen et al. Mar Drugs 13:4470-4491, 2015)—about the anticancer potential of the Bladderwrack, Fucus vesiculosus L., grown in this particular habitat with low salinity and nontidal shores. The aim of the present study was to investigate systematically the alga’s cytotoxic potential against human pancreatic cancer cells and to develop a purification procedure for the active compounds by using a bioassay-guided fractionation approach. Four out of six crude extracts showed considerable cytotoxic activity against Panc89 cells, three of which were considerably active against PancTU1 cells, as well. The most active crude extract revealed an effective half maximal concentration (EC50) of 72 μg mL−1 against Panc89 and of 77 μg mL−1 against PancTU1 cells after 72 h of treatment. The multistep purification procedure established for this extract resulted in a fourfold reduction of the EC50. Monitoring of each crude extract and fraction via 1H-NMR spectroscopy revealed a characteristic fingerprint which was significantly correlated with the activity. Structural analysis of the most active fractions revealed two similar molecules belonging to the group of polyphenols. Further separation is needed to present the chemical structure in all molecular details. The results show that F. vesiculosus from the Baltic Sea holds potent and novel anticancer substances.

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Acknowledgements

This study was part of the national research project “Algae Against Cancer (AAC)” (0315812), financially supported by the German “Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung” (BMBF) from July 2010 to June 2013. We thank Prof. Dr. Susanne Alban, Dr. Karina Ehrig (University of Kiel, Pharmaceutical Institute), and PD Dr. Michael Kleine (Planton GmbH, Kiel) for the good cooperation. Our thanks also go to Prof. Dr. Axel Zeeck (Georg-August-University Göttingen, Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry) for the valuable additional information on appropriate separation techniques. Our special thanks go to PD Dr. Christoph Plieth (University of Kiel, Centre for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (BiMo)) for his valuable scientific advice and for the review of this manuscript. We are also deeply grateful for the access to the core facilities of the BiMo.

Author contributions

L.P., M.Z., H.K., M.P., S.H., and R.K. conceived the design of the AAC-Project. M.Z. and L.P. collected seaweed and produced, processed, and stored seaweed extracts. K.H., M.Z., and L.P. fractionated the crude extracts. M.Z., U.G., M.P., and J.K. performed activity tests and cell culture. M.F., R.G., M.Z., L.P., and K.H. were responsible for structural elucidation. L.P., H.K., M.P., R.K., and K.H. contributed reagents, materials, and analysis tools. M.Z., H.K., and R.G. wrote the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CRM, Coastal Research & Management, 24159, Kiel, Germany

    Marion Zenthoefer, Steffen Hennig & Levent Piker

  2. Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Medical Faculty, CAU, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105, Kiel, Germany

    Ulf Geisen, Jannik Kerber & Holger Kalthoff

  3. PLANTON GmbH, 24106, Kiel, Germany

    Karsten Hofmann-Peiker

  4. numares AG, 93053, Regensburg, Germany

    Markus Fuhrmann, Renate Kirchhöfer & Roland Geyer

  5. Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105, Kiel, Germany

    Matthias Peipp

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  1. Marion Zenthoefer
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Correspondence to Levent Piker.

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Zenthoefer, M., Geisen, U., Hofmann-Peiker, K. et al. Isolation of polyphenols with anticancer activity from the Baltic Sea brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus using bioassay-guided fractionation. J Appl Phycol 29, 2021–2037 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-017-1080-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-017-1080-z

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