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Epiphyton dynamics during an induced succession in a large shallow lake: wind disturbance and zooplankton grazing act as main structuring forces

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Abstract

We investigated the main structuring forces driving epiphytic algae dynamics with wind disturbances and zooplankton grazing acting as potential stressors by inducing a natural 60-day epiphyton summer succession. We cleaned macrophytes in the subtropical shallow Mangueira Lake, southern Brazil, using soft sponges and sampled them randomly at short-term intervals. Simultaneously, we sampled and classified zooplankton from the littoral zone according to their particle ingestion size. Disturbance by wind was the main factor driving the epiphyton succession. Tightly attached diatoms were well adapted to the system’s high mean wind velocity (15 m s−1), whereas low wind velocity (<7 m s−1) reduced community diversity. Summer storms (46.7 mm of precipitation; 29.5 m s−1 wind velocity) caused phosphorus input and favored prostrate diatoms. Epiphyton was very productive (8028.8 mg C m−2 h−1), consistent with a heterogeneous community. Small rotifers and ciliates were abundant in the water column during the study. Our data indicate that rotifers as well as other zooplankton grazed on epiphyton, due to the positive correlation between algal diversity and rotifer abundance as well as between diatom and zooplankton biomasses, whereas Copepods and Cladocerans followed large motile diatoms in abundance. We conclude that epiphyton is an important food source for zooplankton in Mangueira Lake.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the CAPES (Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) for the doctoral grant awarded to the first author. We are grateful to CNPq and Dr. Lucia H.R. Rodrigues for logistical support; the IPH (Hydraulic Research Institute, at UFRGS) technicians for sampling support; Gustavo F. Hartmann for zooplankton counting; and Professors Carla Ferragut, Lezilda C. Torgan, Lucia H.R. Rodrigues, and Luciane de O. Crossetti, and the two unknown referees for constructive comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. The English language was reviewed by Cary Collett.

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  1. Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

    Denise Matias de Faria

  2. Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Luciana de Souza Cardoso

  3. Instituto de Pesquisas Hidráulicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    David da Motta Marques

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  1. Denise Matias de Faria
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de Faria, D.M., Cardoso, L.S. & da Motta Marques, D. Epiphyton dynamics during an induced succession in a large shallow lake: wind disturbance and zooplankton grazing act as main structuring forces. Hydrobiologia 788, 267–280 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-016-3002-5

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