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Geographic distribution and ecophysiological adaptations of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Streptophyta) in relation to PAR, UV radiation and temperature: a review

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Abstract

Although conjugating algae are considered to have a cosmopolitan freshwater distribution, numerous ecological and taxonomic investigations revealed that many desmid taxa (at the level of genus, species and variety) are capable of occupying specific geographic zones, characterized by particular climatic attributes. Earlier studies have dealt with influences of temperature and irradiation (photosynthetically active radiation and ultraviolet radiation) on the physiology and ultrastructure of desmids. Yet, recent investigations demonstrated a clear relationship between these climatic factors and the distributional potential of conjugating algae, taking into account their photosynthetic, physiological and ultrastructural adaptations which had been revealed during and after certain temperature and irradiation treatments. Despite the fact that desmids can be considered as high-light-adapted algae, various species- and strain-specific characteristics and adaptations appeared in accordance with the light intensities predominating at their source localities, as estimated by their photosynthetic performance (obtained from PAM fluorometry and oxygen evolution measurements), pigment composition and morpho-anatomical characteristics. Interestingly, the high-light adaptation of photosynthesis as well as the relatively high growth temperature optima for majority of the desmid species investigated may provide some support for Coesel’s hypothesis on the origin of desmids in the tropical zone.

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Abbreviations

α :

Slope of P–I curve, photosynthetic efficiency

F′:

Fluorescence emission from an irradiated sample

F ′m :

Maximum fluorescence from a light-acclimated sample

F o :

Minimal fluorescence from a dark-acclimated sample

F m :

Maximum fluorescence from a dark-acclimated sample

F v/F m :

Maximum quantum yield of PSII measured in darkness

ΔF (or F ′q ):

Variable fluorescence between F ′m and F′

ΔF/F m :

Effective quantum yield of PSII during irradiation

hsgs:

Heat shock granules

I k :

Saturating irradiance

MZCH:

Microalgae and Zygnematophyceae Collection Hamburg

PAR:

Photosynthetically active radiation

PCD:

Programmed cell death

P–I curve:

Photosynthesis-light intensity curve

P max :

Maximum rate of photosynthesis

PSII:

Photosystem II

P680:

PSII reaction center, refers to the special chlorophyll dimers

P680+ :

Oxidized P680

Q A :

Primary electron acceptor on the PSII reaction centre protein D2

Q B :

Secondary electron acceptor on the PSII reaction centre protein D1

rbcL:

Large-chain gene of the ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) enzyme

rETRmax :

Maximum relative electron transport rate, photosynthetic capacity

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

VDE:

Violaxanthin de-epoxidase

Tyr-Z:

Tyrosine on the D1 protein which takes electrons from the water-splitting complex

Tyr-Z+ :

Oxidized Tyr-Z

Tyr-D:

Tyrosine on the D2 protein

UVR:

Ultraviolet radiation

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Acknowledgments

The Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst (DAAD) foundation is acknowledged for providing a full research grant to M. S. during her PhD studies. The authors are very grateful to Prof. Dr. A. Holzinger and Dr. D. Remias for providing high quality images of saccoderm desmids and Zygnema sp. The authors thank Dr. F. A. C Kouwets and Dr. H. J. Sluiman for the critical reading and improvement of the manuscript. M. Stamenković is funded by the project No. 173018 of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia.

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  1. Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Ohnhorst Str. 18, 22609, Hamburg, Germany

    Marija Stamenković & Dieter Hanelt

  2. Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060, Belgrade, Serbia

    Marija Stamenković

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  1. Marija Stamenković
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Correspondence to Marija Stamenković.

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Stamenković, M., Hanelt, D. Geographic distribution and ecophysiological adaptations of desmids (Zygnematophyceae, Streptophyta) in relation to PAR, UV radiation and temperature: a review. Hydrobiologia 787, 1–26 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-016-2958-5

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