Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a major hindrance to defeat pathogenic bacteria and fungi particularly in patients with immunodeficiency diseases. Recently, antimicrobial application of medicinal plant species and herbal polymers including cellulose and pectin to synthesize and modify metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) has had more attention. Several advantages involving high accessibility, eco-friendliness, feasible preparation, biocompatibility, and biodegradability are found to these polymers. By these methods, antifungal and antibacterial anti-infective abilities of NPs can be improved owing to the antimicrobial activities of primary and secondary metabolites of medicinal plants. Among the MNPs/MONPs, Ag, Cu, CuO and ZnO NPs have displayed more antimicrobial capacities because of their unique properties such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Therefore, recent advances and challenges related to antibacterial and antifungal effects of three promising NPs are presented in this review to obtain a future viewpoint of anti-infective therapy.
Graphic abstract
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ağçeli GK, Hammachi H, Kodal SP, Cihangir N, Aksu Z (2020) A novel approach to synthesize TiO2 nanoparticles: biosynthesis by using Streptomyces sp. HC1. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 30:3221–3229. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-020-01486-w
Ajmal N, Saraswat K, Bakht MA, Riadi Y, Ahsan MJ, Noushad M (2019) Cost-effective and eco-friendly synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles using fruit’s peel agro-waste extracts: characterization, in vitro antibacterial, antioxidant activities. Green Chem Lett Rev 12:244–254. https://doi.org/10.1080/17518253.2019.1629641
Al-Dhabi NA, Valan Arasu M (2018) Environmentally-friendly green approach for the production of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their anti-fungal, ovicidal, and larvicidal properties. Nanomaterials 8:500–513. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8070500
Al-Enizi AM, Ahamad T, Al-hajji AB, Ahmed J, Chaudhary AA, Alshehri SM (2018) Cellulose gum and copper nanoparticles based hydrogel as antimicrobial agents against urinary tract infection (UTI) pathogens. Int J Biol Macromol 109:803–809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.057
Alavi M (2019) Modifications of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), and nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) for antimicrobial and wound healing applications. e-Polymers 19:103–119. https://doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2019-0013
Alavi M, Dehestaniathar S, Mohammadi S, Maleki A, Karimi N (2020) Antibacterial activities of phytofabricated ZnO and CuO NPs by Mentha pulegium leaf/flower mixture extract against antibiotic resistant bacteria. Adv Pharm Bull 1:1–14. https://doi.org/10.34172/apb.2021.057
Alavi M, Karimi N (2018) Characterization, antibacterial, total antioxidant, scavenging, reducing power and ion chelating activities of green synthesized silver, copper and titanium dioxide nanoparticles using Artemisia haussknechtii leaf extract. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 46:2066–2081. https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2017.1408121
Alavi M, Karimi N (2019a) Biosynthesis of Ag and Cu NPs by secondary metabolites of usnic acid and thymol with biological macromolecules aggregation and antibacterial activities against multi drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. Int J Biol Macromol 128:893–901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.177
Alavi M, Karimi N (2019b) Ultrasound assisted-phytofabricated Fe3O4 NPs with antioxidant properties and antibacterial effects on growth, biofilm formation, and spreading ability of multidrug resistant bacteria. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 47:2405–2423. https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2019.1624560
Alavi M, Karimi N, Salimikia I (2019) phytosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles and its antibacterial, antiquorum sensing, antimotility, and antioxidant capacities against multidrug resistant bacteria. J Ind Eng Chem 72:457–473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2019.01.002
Alavi M, Nokhodchi A (2020a) Microformulations and nanoformulations of doxorubicin for improvement of its therapeutic efficiency. Crit Rev Ther Drug 37:591–661. https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2020034470
Alavi M, Nokhodchi A (2020b) An overview on antimicrobial and wound healing properties of ZnO nanobiofilms, hydrogels, and bionanocomposites based on cellulose, chitosan, and alginate polymers. Carbohydr Polym 227:115349–115355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115349
Alavi M, Rai M (2019a) Recent advances in antibacterial applications of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and metal nanocomposites (MNCs) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 17:419–428. https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2019.1614914
Alavi M, Rai M (2019b) Recent progress in nanoformulations of silver nanoparticles with cellulose, chitosan, and alginic acid biopolymers for antibacterial applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 103:8669–8676. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-10126-4
Alavi M, Webster TJ (2020) Nano liposomal and cubosomal formulations with platinum-based anticancer agents: therapeutic advances and challenges. Nanomedicine 15:2399–2410. https://doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2020-0199
Aljelehawy Q, Karimi N, Alavi M (2020) Comparison of antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of phytosynthesized ZnONPs by leaves extract of Daphne mucronata at different salt sources. Mater Technol 1:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/10667857.2020.1794280
Asghar MA, Asghar MA (2020) Green synthesized and characterized copper nanoparticles using various new plants extracts aggravate microbial cell membrane damage after interaction with lipopolysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 160:1168–1176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.198
Asghar MA, Zahir E, Shahid SM, Khan MN, Asghar MA, Iqbal J et al (2018) Iron, copper and silver nanoparticles: Green synthesis using green and black tea leaves extracts and evaluation of antibacterial, antifungal and aflatoxin B1 adsorption activity. LWT 90:98–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2017.12.009
Beltrán-Partida E, Valdez-Salas B, Valdez-Salas E, Pérez-Cortéz G, Nedev N (2019) Synthesis, characterization, and in situ antifungal and cytotoxicity evaluation of ascorbic acid-capped copper nanoparticles. J Nanomater 2019:5287632–5287642. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5287632
Dutta T, Ghosh NN, Das M, Adhikary R, Mandal V, Chattopadhyay AP (2020) Green synthesis of antibacterial and antifungal silver nanoparticles using Citrus limetta peel extract: experimental and theoretical studies. J Environ Chem Eng 8:104019–104028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2020.104019
French AD (2017) Glucose, not cellobiose, is the repeating unit of cellulose and why that is important. Cellulose 24:4605–4609. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-017-1450-3
Gahlawat G, Choudhury AR (2019) A review on the biosynthesis of metal and metal salt nanoparticles by microbes. RSC advances 9:12944–12967
Ganesan V, Hariram M, Vivekanandhan S, Muthuramkumar S (2020) Periconium sp. (endophytic fungi) extract mediated sol-gel synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles for antimicrobial and antioxidant applications. Mater Sci Semicond Process 105:104739–104751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2019.104739
Hadrup N, Sharma AK, Loeschner K (2018) Toxicity of silver ions, metallic silver, and silver nanoparticle materials after in vivo dermal and mucosal surface exposure: a review. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 98:257–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.08.007
Huang W, Yan M, Duan H, Bi Y, Cheng X, Yu H (2020) Synergistic antifungal activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles and epoxiconazole against Setosphaeria turcica. J Nanomater 2020:9535432–9535439. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9535432
Jatoi AW, Kim IS, Ni Q-Q (2019) Cellulose acetate nanofibers embedded with AgNPs anchored TiO2 nanoparticles for long term excellent antibacterial applications. Carbohydr Polym 207:640–649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.12.029
Jayarambabu N, Akshaykranth A, Venkatappa Rao T, Venkateswara Rao K, Rakesh Kumar R (2020) Green synthesis of Cu nanoparticles using Curcuma longa extract and their application in antimicrobial activity. Mater Lett 259:126813–212624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2019.126813
Kalwar K, Hu L, Li DL, Shan D (2018) AgNPs incorporated on deacetylated electrospun cellulose nanofibers and their effect on the antimicrobial activity. Polym Adv Technol 29:394–400. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.4127
Kebede MA, Imae T (2019). Low-dimensional nanomaterials. In: Advanced supramolecular nanoarchitectonics. Elsevier, pp 3–16
Khani R, Roostaei B, Bagherzade G, Moudi M (2018) Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles by fruit extract of Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Willd.: application for adsorption of triphenylmethane dye and antibacterial assay. J Mol Liq 255:541–549. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.02.010
Li P-j, Liang J-y, Su D-l, Huang Y, Pan J-j, Peng M-f et al (2020) Green and efficient biosynthesis of pectin-based copper nanoparticles and their antimicrobial activities. Bioproc Biosyst Eng 43:2017–2026. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-020-02390-w
Lungu M-V, Vasile E, Lucaci M, Pătroi D, Mihăilescu N, Grigore F et al (2016) Investigation of optical, structural, morphological and antimicrobial properties of carboxymethyl cellulose capped Ag-ZnO nanocomposites prepared by chemical and mechanical methods. Mater Charact 120:69–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2016.08.022
Minzanova ST, Mironov VF, Arkhipova DM, Khabibullina AV, Mironova LG, Zakirova YM et al (2018) Biological activity and pharmacological application of pectic polysaccharides: a review. Polymers 10:1407–1438. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10121407
Nag DS, Samaddar DP, Kant S, Mahanty PR (2017) Perianesthetic refractory anaphylactic shock with cefuroxime in a patient with history of penicillin allergy on multiple antihypertensive medications. Braz J Anesthesiol (English Edition) 67:217–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2014.08.001
Noshirvani N, Ghanbarzadeh B, Mokarram RR, Hashemi M, Coma V (2017) Preparation and characterization of active emulsified films based on chitosan-carboxymethyl cellulose containing zinc oxide nano particles. Int J Biol Macromol 99:530–538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.007
Nourbakhsh M, Darroudi M, Gholizadeh M (2020) Role of bio-derived zinc oxide nanoparticles in antifungal and photocatalytic activities. Res Chem Intermed 46:243–252. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-019-03946-6
Padalia H, Chanda S (2017) Characterization, antifungal and cytotoxic evaluation of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles using Ziziphus nummularia leaf extract. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 45:1751–1761. https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2017.1282868
Patil MP, Kang M-j, Niyonizigiye I, Singh A, Kim J-O, Seo YB et al (2019) Extracellular synthesis of gold nanoparticles using the marine bacterium Paracoccus haeundaensis BC74171T and evaluation of their antioxidant activity and antiproliferative effect on normal and cancer cell lines. Colloids Surf B 183:110455–110462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110455
Phan D-N, Dorjjugder N, Khan MQ, Saito Y, Taguchi G, Lee H et al (2019) Synthesis and attachment of silver and copper nanoparticles on cellulose nanofibers and comparative antibacterial study. Cellulose 26:6629–6640. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02542-6
Rad M, Taran M, Alavi M (2018) Effect of incubation time, CuSO4 and glucose concentrations on biosynthesis of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles with rectangular shape and antibacterial activity: Taguchi method approach. Nano Biomed Eng 10:25–33. https://doi.org/10.5101/nbe.v10i1.p25-33
Rashid S, Azeem M, Khan SA, Shah MM, Ahmad R (2019) Characterization and synergistic antibacterial potential of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using aqueous root extracts of important medicinal plants of Pakistan. Colloids Surf B 179:317–325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.04.016
Rehan M, Abdel-Wahed NAM, Farouk A, El-Zawahry MM (2018) Extraction of valuable compounds from orange peel waste for advanced functionalization of cellulosic surfaces. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 6:5911–5928. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b04302
Renuga D, Jeyasundari J, Athithan ASS, Jacob YBA (2020) Synthesis and characterization of copper oxide nanoparticles using Brassica oleracea var. italic extract for its antifungal application. Mater Res Express 7:045007–045017
Shankar S, Tanomrod N, Rawdkuen S, Rhim JW (2016) Preparation of pectin/silver nanoparticles composite films with UV-light barrier and properties. Int J Biol Macromol 92:842–849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.07.107
Soto KM, Quezada-Cervantes CT, Hernández-Iturriaga M, Luna-Bárcenas G, Vazquez-Duhalt R, Mendoza S (2019) Fruit peels waste for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles with antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens. LWT 103:293–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2019.01.023
Soubhagya AS, Moorthi A, Prabaharan M (2020) Preparation and characterization of chitosan/pectin/ZnO porous films for wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 157:135–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.156
Steffy K, Shanthi G, Maroky AS, Selvakumar S (2018) Enhanced antibacterial effects of green synthesized ZnO NPs using Aristolochia indica against multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens from Diabetic Foot Ulcer. J Infect Public Health 11:463–471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2017.10.006
Su D-l, Li P-j, Ning M, Li G-y, Shan Y (2019) Microwave assisted green synthesis of pectin based silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial and antifungal activities. Mater Lett 244:35–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2019.02.059
Surendra TV, Roopan SM, Al-Dhabi NA, Arasu MV, Sarkar G, Suthindhiran K (2016) Vegetable peel waste for the production of ZnO nanoparticles and its toxicological efficiency, antifungal, hemolytic, and antibacterial activities. Nanoscale Res Lett 11:546–556. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-016-1750-9
Taran M, Monazah A, Alavi M (2017) Using petrochemical wastewater for synthesis of cruxrhodopsin as an energy capturing nanoparticle by Haloarcula sp. IRU1. PBS 6:151–157. https://doi.org/10.22059/PBS.2016.590017
Taran M, Rad M, Alavi M (2016a) Biological synthesis of copper nanoparticles by using Halomonas elongata IBRC-M 10214. Ind Textila 67:351–356
Taran M, Rad M, Alavi M (2016b) Characterization of Ag nanoparticles biosynthesized by Bacillus sp. HAI4 in different conditions and their antibacterial effects. J Appl Pharm Sci 6:094–099. https://doi.org/10.7324/JAPS.2016.601115
Taran M, Rad M, Alavi M (2018) Biosynthesis of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles by Halomonas elongata IBRC-M 10214 in different conditions of medium. BioImpacts: BI 8:81–89. https://doi.org/10.15171/bi.2018.10
Umar H, Kavaz D, Rizaner N (2018) Biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Albizia lebbeck stem bark, and evaluation of its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities on human breast cancer cell lines. Int J Nanomed 14:87–100. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S186888
Valsalam S, Agastian P, Arasu MV, Al-Dhabi NA, Ghilan A-KM, Kaviyarasu K et al (2019) Rapid biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles from the leaf extract of Tropaeolum majus L. and its enhanced in-vitro antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and anticancer properties. J Photochem Photobiol B 191:65–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.12.010
Yan D, Yao Q, Yu F, Chen L, Zhang S, Sun H et al (2020) Surface modified electrospun poly(lactic acid) fibrous scaffold with cellulose nanofibrils and Ag nanoparticles for ocular cell proliferation and antimicrobial application. Mater Sci Eng C 111:110767–110782. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.110767
Yang G, Xie J, Deng Y, Bian Y, Hong F (2012) Hydrothermal synthesis of bacterial cellulose/AgNPs composite: a “green” route for antibacterial application. Carbohydr Polym 87:2482–2487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.11.017
Yuan T, Zeng J, Wang B, Cheng Z, Gao W, Xu J et al (2020) Silver nanoparticles immobilized on cellulose nanofibrils for starch-based nanocomposites with high antibacterial, biocompatible, and mechanical properties. Cellulose. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03567-y
Zhu M, Li X, Ge L, Zi Y, Qi M, Li Y et al (2020) Green synthesis of κ-carrageenan@Ag submicron-particles with high aqueous stability, robust antibacterial activity and low cytotoxicity. Mater Sci Eng C 106:110185–110195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2019.110185
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
Authors declare they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Alavi, M., Kennedy, J.F. Recent advances of fabricated and modified Ag, Cu, CuO and ZnO nanoparticles by herbal secondary metabolites, cellulose and pectin polymers for antimicrobial applications. Cellulose 28, 3297–3310 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-021-03746-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-021-03746-5