Skip to main content
Log in

Toward an integrative framework of indigenous research: The geocentric implications of Yin-Yang Balance

  • Perspectives
  • Published:
Asia Pacific Journal of Management Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

It has long been recognized that indigenous research should be helpful, if not essential, for an adequate understanding of local phenomena. The indigenous approach is consistent with, but extends beyond, the repeated calls for contextualizing management and organization research. However, the challenges of indigenous research are enormous. The purpose of this article is to shed light on these challenges by providing an integrative framework of indigenous research. In particular, I seek to explicate the existing conceptual confusions and flesh out the appropriate methodological procedures for indigenous research on Chinese management. To illustrate the framework, I show the value of yin-yang thinking by developing a cognitive frame, Yin-Yang Balance, to illustrate the unique and novel features of local perspective, including its application to case study method.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Figure 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Au, K. 2007. Self-confidence does not come isolated from the environment. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 24(4): 491–496.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. 1999. Social cognition theory: An agentic perspective. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 2: 21–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barney, J. B., & Zhang, S. 2009. The future of Chinese management research: A theory of Chinese management versus a Chinese theory of management. Management and Organization Review, 5: 15–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartlett, C. A., & Ghoshal, S. 1998. Managing across borders: The transnational solution. Boston: Harvard Business Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Charmaz, K. C. 2006. Constructive grounded theory: A practical guide through qualititative analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, J.-R., Leung, K., & Chen, C. C. 2009. Bringing national culture to the table: Making a difference with cross-cultural differences and perspectives. Academy of Management Annals, 3: 217–249.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, M.-J. 2002. Transcending paradox: The Chinese “middle way” perspective. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 19(2–3): 179–199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, M.-J. 2008. Reconceptualizing the competition-cooperation relationship: A transparadox perspective. Journal of Management Inquiry, 17: 288–304.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, B. S., Wang, A. C., & Huang, M. P. 2009. The road more popular versus the road less travelled: An “insider’s” perspective of advancing Chinese management research. Management and Organization Review, 5: 91–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • da Costa, N. C. A., & Krause, D. 2006. The logic of complementarity. In J. van Benthem, G. Heinzmann, M. Rebuschi & H. Visser (Eds.). The age of alternative logics: Assessing Philosophy of Logic and Mathematics Today: 103–120. Springer.

  • Editor’s Forum on the Future of Chinese Management. 2009. Management and Organization Review, 5(1).

  • Eisenhardt, K. M. 1989. Building theories from case study research. Academy of Management Review, 14: 532–550.

    Google Scholar 

  • Enriquez, V. G. 1990. Cross-indigenous methods and perspectives. In V. G. Enriquez (Ed.). Indigenous psychology: A book of readings: 210–230. Quezon City, PH: Philippine Psychology Research and Training House.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fang, T. 2010. Asian management research needs more self-confidence: Reflection on Hofstede (2007) and beyond. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 27(1): 155–170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farh, J. L., Cannella, A. A., & Lee, C. 2006. Approaches to scale development in Chinese management research. Management and Organization Review, 2: 301–318.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farjoun, M. 2010. Beyond dualism: Stability and change as a duality. Academy of Management Review, 35: 202–225.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. 1967. The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Chicago: Aldine.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, A. C. 1986. Yin-Yang and the nature of correlative thinking. Singapore: National University of Singapore Press.

  • Gu, M. D. 2005. The Zhouyi (Book of Changes) as an open classic: A semiotic analysis of its system of representation. Philosophy East and West, 55: 257–282.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hwang, K.-K. 2006. Constructive realism and Confucian relationalism: An epistemological strategy for the development of indigenous psychology. In U. Kim, G.-S. Yang & K.-K. Hwang (Eds.). International and cultural psychology: Understanding people in context: 73–107. Springer.

  • Johns, G. 2006. The essential impact of context on organizational behavior. Academy of Management Review, 31: 386–408.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kelso, J. A. S., & Engstrom, D. A. 2006. The complementary nature. Boston: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, U., & Park, Y.-S. 2005. Integrated analysis of indigenous psychologies: Comments and extensions of ideas presented by Shams, Jackson, Hwang and Kashima. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 8: 75–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leung, K. 2007. The glory and tyranny of citation impact: An East Asian perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 50: 510–513.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leung, K., Li, P. P., Chen, C. C., & Luo, J. 2009. Call for the special issue on indigenous research on Chinese management, Management and Organization Review, 4.

  • Li, P. P. 1998. Toward a geocentric framework of organizational form: A holistic, dynamic and paradoxical approach. Organization Studies, 19: 829–861.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, P. P. 2005. The puzzle of China’s township village enterprises: The paradox of local corporatism in a dual tack economic transition. Management and Organization Review, 1: 197–224.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, P. P. 2007. Social tie, social capital, and social behavior: Toward an integrated framework of organized exchange. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 24(2): 227–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, P. P. 2008. Toward a geocentric framework of trust: An application to organizational trust. Management and Organization Review, 4: 413–439.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, P. P. 2010. Toward a learning-based view of internationalization: The accelerated trajectories of cross-border learning for latecomers. Journal of International Management, 16: 43–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, P. P. 2011. The rigor-relevance balance for engaged scholarship: New frame and new agenda for trust research and beyond. Journal of Trust Research, 1: 1–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, N. 2002. How the East and West shall meet. Development and Society, 31: 211–244.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd, G. E. R. 1996. Adversaries and authorities: Investigations into ancient Greek and Chinese science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd, G. E. R. 2007. Cognitive variations: Reflections on the unity and diversity of the human mind. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • March, J. 2005. Parochialism in the evolution of a research community: The case of organization studies. Management and Organization Review, 1: 5–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, K. E. 2006. Asian management research needs more self-confidence. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 23(2): 119–137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, K. E. 2007. Asian contexts and the search for general theory in management research: A rejoinder. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 24(4): 527–534.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morris, M. W., Leung, K., Ames, D., & Lickel, B. 1999. Views from inside and outside: Integrating emic and etic insights about culture and justice judgment. Academy of Management Review, 24: 781–796.

    Google Scholar 

  • Needham, J. 1956. Science and civilization in China (Vol. 2: History of scientific thought). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nisbett, R. 2003. The geography of thought: How Asians and Westerners think differently…and why. London: Nicholas Brealey Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pellegrini, E. K., & Scandura, T. A. 2008. Paternalistic leadership: A review and agenda for future research. Journal of Management, 34: 566–593.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peng, K., & Nisbett, R. 1999. Culture, dialectics, and reasoning about contradiction. The American Psychologist, 54: 741–754.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pettigrew, A. 1990. Longitudinal field research on change: Theory and practice. Organizational Science, 1: 267–292.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pfeffer, J. 1993. Barriers to the advance of organizational science: Paradigm development as a dependent variable. Academy of Management Review, 18: 599–620.

    Google Scholar 

  • Polanyi, M. 1968. Logic and psychology. The American Psychologist, 23: 27–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prahalad, C. K., & Doz, Y. L. 1987. The multinational mission. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsui, A. S. 2004. Contributing to global management knowledge: A case for high quality indigenous research. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 21(4): 491–513.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsui, A. S. 2006. Contextualization in Chinese management research. Management and Organization Review, 2: 1–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsui, A. S. 2007. From homogenization to pluralism: International management research in the Academy and beyond. Academy of Management Journal, 50: 1353–1364.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Glinow, M. A., & Teagarden, M. B. 2009. The future of Chinese management research: Rigor and relevance redux. Management and Organization Review, 5: 75–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Whetten, D. A. 2009. An examination of the interface between context and theory applied to the study of Chinese organizations. Management and Organization Review, 5: 29–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • White, S. 2002. Rigor and relevance in Asian management research: Where are we and where can we go? Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 19(2–3): 287–352.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, K.-S. 2000. Monocultural and cross-cultural indigenous approaches: The royal road to the development of a balanced global psychology. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 3: 241–263.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yin, R. K. 2009. Case study research: Design and methods, 4th ed. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, W.-R., & Zhang, L. 2004. YinYang bipolar logic and bipolar fuzzy logic. Information Science, 165: 265–287.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Peter Ping Li.

Additional information

Special thanks to James March, David Whetten, Kwok Leung, Anne Tsui, and Chao Chen as well as my colleagues at Copenhagen Business School, Verner Worm and Xin Li, for helpful comments on the earlier versions of this article. I also appreciate the strong support and valuable suggestions from David Ahlstrom and Klaus Meyer.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Li, P.P. Toward an integrative framework of indigenous research: The geocentric implications of Yin-Yang Balance. Asia Pac J Manag 29, 849–872 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-011-9250-z

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-011-9250-z

Keywords

Navigation