Abstract
Food safety is a major concern in the context of rising population and decreasing earth resources. Food is often contaminated by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, which induce disease such as hemolytic uremic, irritable bowel and Guillain–Barre syndromes. Detection of pathogenic microbes is therefore essential for food safety. Detection methods include biological methods, biosensors and methods based on spectroscopy, immunology and nucleic acids. Here, we review advanced detection techniques used to analyze toxic substances in food.
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Abbreviations
- IAFP:
-
International Association for Food Protection
- WRI:
-
World Resources Institute
- WFP:
-
World Food Programme
- FAO:
-
Food and Agriculture Organization
- IFIC:
-
International Food Information Council
- EFSA:
-
European Food Safety Authority
- HUS:
-
Hemolytic uremic syndrome
- IBS:
-
Irritable bowel syndrome
- GBS:
-
Guillain–Barre syndrome
- PCR:
-
Polymerase chain reaction
- FTIR:
-
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- LRSPFS:
-
Long-range surface plasmon-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy
- ICP-MS:
-
Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry
- DNA:
-
Deoxyribonucleic acid
- ELISA:
-
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- ELFA:
-
Enzyme-linked fluorescent assay
- MALDI–TOF:
-
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–time of flight
- ESI–MS:
-
Electrospray ionization–mass spectroscopy
- MHz:
-
Megahertz
- QCM:
-
Quartz crystal microbalance
- MEMS:
-
Microelectromechanical systems
- ATP:
-
Adenosine triphosphate
- CFU/mL:
-
Colony-forming units per milliliter
- H2O2 :
-
Hydrogen peroxide
- SPR:
-
Surface plasma resonance
- SERS:
-
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering
- GC–MS:
-
Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
- pH:
-
Potential of hydrogen
- CE:
-
Capillary electromigration
- TMV:
-
Tobacco mosaic virus
- IMS:
-
Immunomagnetic separation
- AFM1:
-
Aflatoxin M1
- FB1:
-
Fumonisin B1
- DON:
-
Deoxynivalenol
- MRSA:
-
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
- LFI:
-
Lateral flow immunoassay
- RNA:
-
Ribonucleic acid
- LAB:
-
Lactic acid bacteria
- ZEA:
-
Zearalenone
- PKS:
-
Polyketide synthases
- ZEB:
-
Zinc finger E-box binding
- mPCR:
-
Multiplex polymerase chain reaction
- EAHEC:
-
Entero-aggregative/hemorrhagic Escherichia coli
- NASBA:
-
Nucleic acid sequence-based amplification
- SMAC:
-
Sorbitol MacConkey agar
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Saravanan, A., Kumar, P.S., Hemavathy, R.V. et al. Methods of detection of food-borne pathogens: a review. Environ Chem Lett 19, 189–207 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01072-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01072-z