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Biocatalytic synthesis of (R)-(−)-mandelic acid from racemic mandelonitrile by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-permeabilized cells of Alcaligenes faecalis ECU0401

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Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology

Abstract

The nitrilase from Alcaligenes faecalis ECU0401 belongs to the category of arylacetonitrilase, which could hydrolyze 2-chloromandelonitrile, 3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetonitrile, mandelonitrile, and phenylacetonitrile into the corresponding arylacetic acids. To overcome the permeability barrier and prepare whole cell biocatalysts with high activities, permeabilization of Alcaligenes faecalis ECU0401 in relation to nitrilase activity was optimized by using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as permeabilizing agent. The nitrilase activity from Alcaligenes faecalis ECU0401 increased 4.5-fold when the cells were permeabilized with 0.3% (w/v) CTAB for 20 min at 25°C and pH 6.5. Consequently, almost all the mandelonitrile was consumed and converted to (R)-(−)-mandelic acid with greater than 99.9% enantiomeric excess (e.e.) by the CTAB-permeabilized cells. The permeability barrier has been significantly reduced in the hydrolysis of mandelonitrile by using CTAB-permeabilized cells and a dynamic resolution was successfully achieved, giving a 100% theoretical yield of (R)-(−)-mandelic acid. Efficient biocatalyst recycling was achieved as a result of cell immobilization in calcium alginate, with a product-to-biocatalyst ratio of 3.82 g (R)-(−)-mandelic acid g−1 dry cell weight (dcw) cell after 20 cycles of repeated use.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 0773038 & 20902023) and Ministry of Science and Technology (Nos. 2009CB724706 & 2009ZX09501-016) and the Open Project Program of the State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology (No. 2008004).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People’s Republic of China

    Yu-Cai He, Zhi-Jun Zhang & Jian-He Xu

  2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Polytechnic University, Changzhou, 213164, People’s Republic of China

    Yu-Cai He

  3. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China

    You-Yan Liu

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  1. Yu-Cai He
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Correspondence to Jian-He Xu.

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He, YC., Zhang, ZJ., Xu, JH. et al. Biocatalytic synthesis of (R)-(−)-mandelic acid from racemic mandelonitrile by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-permeabilized cells of Alcaligenes faecalis ECU0401. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 37, 741–750 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-010-0720-y

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