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Microstructural and biomechanical alterations of the human aorta as a function of age and location

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An Erratum to this article was published on 12 July 2012

Abstract

While it is known that the aorta stiffens with location and age, little is known about the underlying mechanisms that govern these alterations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the anisotropic biomechanical behavior and extracellular matrix microstructure of the human aorta and quantify how each changes with location and age. A total of 207 specimens were harvested from 5 locations (ascending n = 33, arch n = 38, descending n = 54, suprarenal n = 52, and abdominal n = 30) of 31 autopsy donor aortas (aged 3 days to 93 years). Each specimen underwent planar biaxial testing in order to derive quantitative biomechanical endpoints of anisotropic stiffness and compliance. Quantitative measures of fiber alignment and degree of fiber alignment were also generated on the same samples using a small-angle light scattering (SALS) technique. Circumferential and axial stiffening occurred with age and increased from the proximal to distal aorta, and the abdominal region was found to be more stiff than all others (p ≤ 0.006). Specimens from donors aged 61 and above were drastically more stiff than younger specimens (p < 0.001) and demonstrated greater circumferential compliance and axial stiffening (p < 0.001). Fiber direction for all ages and locations was predominantly circumferential (p < 0.001), and the degree of fiber alignment was found to increase with age (p < 0.001). Our results demonstrate that the aorta becomes more biomechanically and structurally anisotropic after age 60; with significant changes occurring preferentially in the abdominal aorta, these changes may play an important role in the predisposition of disease formation (e.g., aneurysm) in this region with age.

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Abbreviations

SALS:

Small-angle light scattering

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

TM:

Tangential Modulus

MPM:

Multiphoton microscopy

SHG:

Second harmonic generation

2PEF:

Two-photon emitted fluorescence

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, 1657 E. Helen St., PO Box 210240, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0240, USA

    Darren Haskett, Urs Utzinger & Jonathan Vande Geest

  2. Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering, The University of Arizona, 1177 E 4th St., Room 403, PO Box 210038, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0038, USA

    Gregory Johnson

  3. Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, The University of Arizona, 1130 N. Mountain, PO Box 210119, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0119, USA

    Aifang Zhou & Jonathan Vande Geest

  4. BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, 1657 E. Helen St., PO Box 210240, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0240, USA

    Urs Utzinger & Jonathan Vande Geest

  5. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, 1657 E. Helen St., PO Box 210240, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0240, USA

    Urs Utzinger & Jonathan Vande Geest

Authors
  1. Darren Haskett
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  2. Gregory Johnson
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  3. Aifang Zhou
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  4. Urs Utzinger
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  5. Jonathan Vande Geest
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jonathan Vande Geest.

Additional information

An erratum to this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10237-012-0415-6

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Haskett, D., Johnson, G., Zhou, A. et al. Microstructural and biomechanical alterations of the human aorta as a function of age and location. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 9, 725–736 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-010-0209-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-010-0209-7

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