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A nanocomposite containing Prussian Blue, platinum nanoparticles and polyaniline for multi-amplification of the signal of voltammetric immunosensors: highly sensitive detection of carcinoma antigen 125

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Abstract

The authors describe a method for signal amplification of label-free voltammetric immunosensors. A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with Prussian Blue-platinum nanoparticles (PB-PtNPs) as a redox-active species that gives a strong amperometric signal at 0.18 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). Benefitting from the excellent electrical conductivity and the strong catalytic activity to H2O2, the modified GCE gives a strongly enhanced signal. The PB-PtNPs were incorporated into a polyaniline (PANI) hydrogel to further enhance the signal. The signal response of the PB-PtNP-PANI/GCE is larger by a factor of 7.6 than that of PB-PtNP/GCE. In order to further improve electrical conductivity and immobilize antibody, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were deposited on the surface of the PB-PtNP-PANI hydrogel. The AuNP-PB-PtNP-PANI hydrogel nanocomposite on the GCE was used in an immunosensor for the model analyte carcinoma antigen 125 (CA125), a biomarker for epithelial ovarian cancer, by immobilizing the respective antibody on the modified GCE. A linear response found for the 0.01 to 5000 U mL−1 CA125 concentration range, with a detection limit of 4.4 mU mL−1 (at an S/N ratio of 3). The electrochemical sensitivity is as high as 119.76 μA·(U/mL)−1·cm−2. The detection of CA125 in human serum showed satisfactory accuracy compared to a commercial chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA).

Schematic of a nanocomposites consisting of gold nanoparticles, Prussian Blue, platinum nanoparticles and polyaniline hydrogel as a signal multi-amplification sensing substrate for the ultrasensitive immuno detection of carcinoma antigen 125 (CA125).

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Acknowledgements

This research was financed by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21673143, 21273153), Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality (2172016, 2132008), and the Project of the Construction of Scientific Research Base by the Beijing Municipal Education Commission.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China

    Yun Zheng, Huiqiang Wang & Zhanfang Ma

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  1. Yun Zheng
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Correspondence to Zhanfang Ma.

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Yun Zheng and Huiqiang Wang contribute equally to this work.

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Zheng, Y., Wang, H. & Ma, Z. A nanocomposite containing Prussian Blue, platinum nanoparticles and polyaniline for multi-amplification of the signal of voltammetric immunosensors: highly sensitive detection of carcinoma antigen 125. Microchim Acta 184, 4269–4277 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-017-2470-2

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