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Expression profile of desiccation tolerance factors in intertidal seaweed species during the tidal cycle

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Main conclusion

The transcriptional modulation of desiccation tolerance factors in P. orbicularis explains its successful recuperation after water deficit. Differential responses to air exposure clarify seaweed distribution along intertidal rocky zones.

Desiccation-tolerant seaweed species, such as Pyropia orbicularis, can tolerate near 96% water loss during air exposure. To understand the phenotypic plasticity of P. orbicularis to desiccation, several tolerance factors were assessed by RT-qPCR, Western-blot analysis, and enzymatic assays during the natural desiccation–rehydration cycle. Comparative enzymatic analyses were used to evidence differential responses between P. orbicularis and desiccation-sensitive species. The results showed that during desiccation, the relative mRNA levels of genes associated with basal metabolism [trehalose phosphate synthase (tps) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (pdh)] were overexpressed in P. orbicularis. Transcript levels related to antioxidant metabolism [peroxiredoxin (prx); thioredoxin (trx); catalase (cat); lipoxygenase (lox); ferredoxin (fnr); glutathione S-transferase (gst)], cellular detoxification [ABC transporter (abc) and ubiquitin (ubq)], and signal transduction [calmodulin (cam)] increased approximately 15- to 20-fold, with the majority returning to basal levels during the final hours of rehydration. In contrast, actin (act) and transcription factor 1 (tf1) transcripts were down-regulated. ABC transporter protein levels increased in P. orbicularis during desiccation, whereas PRX transcripts decreased. The antioxidant enzymes showed higher specific activity in P. orbicularis under desiccation, and sensitive species exhibited enzymatic inactivation and scarce ABC and PRX protein detection following prolonged desiccation. In conclusion, the reported findings contribute towards understanding the ecological distribution of intertidal seaweeds at the molecular and functional levels.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by FONDECYT 1120117, and DI-501-14/R and DI-1245-16/R (Universidad Andrés Bello) awarded to LC-P. The authors acknowledge language support provided by Ashley VanCott (BioPub, Chile).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago, Chile

    Camila Fierro, Andrés Meynard, Carlos Lovazzano, Francisco Castañeda, Eduardo Guajardo & Loretto Contreras-Porcia

  2. Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Ecología y Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain

    Camilo López-Cristoffanini

  3. Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avda. Bernardo O’Higgins 340, Santiago, Chile

    Loretto Contreras-Porcia

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  1. Camila Fierro
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Fierro, C., López-Cristoffanini, C., Meynard, A. et al. Expression profile of desiccation tolerance factors in intertidal seaweed species during the tidal cycle. Planta 245, 1149–1164 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-017-2673-0

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