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Genetic structure of the genus Lemna L. (Lemnaceae) as revealed by amplified fragment length polymorphism

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Abstract

Duckweeds (Lemnaceae) are extremely reduced in morphology, which made their taxonomy a challenge for a long time. The amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) marker technique was applied to solve this problem. 84 clones of the genus Lemna were investigated representing all 13 accepted Lemna species. By neighbour-joining (NJ) analysis, 10 out of these 13 species were clearly recognized: L. minor, L. obscura, L. turionifera, L. japonica, L. disperma, L. aequinoctialis, L. perpusilla, L. trisulca, L. tenera, and L. minuta. However, L. valdiviana and L. yungensis could be distinguished neither by NJ cluster analysis nor by structure analysis. Moreover, the 16 analysed clones of L. gibba were assembled into four genetically differentiated groups. Only one of these groups, which includes the standard clones 7107 (G1) and 7741 (G3), represents obviously the “true” L. gibba. At least four of the clones investigated, so far considered as L. gibba (clones 8655a, 9481, 9436b, and Tra05-L), represent evidently close relatives to L. turionifera but do not form turions under any of the conditions tested. Another group of clones (6745, 6751, and 7922) corresponds to putative hybrids and may be identical with L. parodiana, a species not accepted until now because of the difficulties of delineation on morphology alone. In conclusion, AFLP analysis offers a solid base for the identification of Lemna clones, which is particularly important in view of Lemnaceae application in biomonitoring.

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Abbreviations

AFLP:

Amplified fragment length polymorphism

NJ:

Neighbour-joining

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Acknowledgments

We thank Prof. Eric Lam, Rutgers University, NJ for critical comments and the German Research Foundation, Bonn, Germany for supporting this project (AP 54/10-1).

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Author notes

  1. Ulrike Schween

    Present address: L.a.n.c.e. mbH, Friedensplatz 16, 53111, Bonn, Germany

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Plant Physiology, University of Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743, Jena, Germany

    Manuela Bog, Ulrike Schween & Klaus-J. Appenroth

  2. Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Jena, Jena, Germany

    Henryk Baumbach & Frank Hellwig

  3. Department of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Elias Landolt

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  1. Manuela Bog
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  2. Henryk Baumbach
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  4. Frank Hellwig
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  5. Elias Landolt
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  6. Klaus-J. Appenroth
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Correspondence to Klaus-J. Appenroth.

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The contributions of M. Bog and H. Baumbach are considered to be equal.

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Bog, M., Baumbach, H., Schween, U. et al. Genetic structure of the genus Lemna L. (Lemnaceae) as revealed by amplified fragment length polymorphism. Planta 232, 609–619 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-010-1201-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-010-1201-2

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