Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Advances in lasers for the minimally invasive treatment of upper and lower urinary tract conditions: a systematic review

  • Topic Paper
  • Published:
World Journal of Urology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Technological advancements in laser lithotripsy are expanding into numerous fields of urology, like ureteroscopy (URS), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), and benign and malignant soft-tissue treatments. Since the amount of research regarding lasers in urology has grown exponentially, we present a systematic review of the most recent and relevant advances encompassing all lasers used in urological endoscopic treatment.

Methods

We performed a literature search using PubMed (May 2023) to obtain information about lasers for urological purposes. We included only recent data from published articles between 2021 and 2023 or articles ahead of print.

Results

Lasers are widely used in lithotripsy for ureteric, renal, and bladder stones, benign prostate surgery, and bladder and upper tract tumor ablation. While the holmium (Ho:YAG) laser is still predominant, there seems to be more emphasis on pulse modulation and newer lasers such as thulium fiber laser (TFL) and pulsed Tm:YAG laser.

Conclusion

The use of lasers and related technological innovations have shown increasing versatility, and over time have proven to be invaluable in the management of stone lithotripsy, treatment of benign and malignant prostate diseases, and urothelial tumors. Laser endoscopic treatment is heavily based on technological nuances, and it is essential to know at least the basics of these technologies. Ultimately the choice of laser used depends on its availability, cost, surgeon experience and expertise.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The data used in this paper has been acquired from PubMed and is freely available.

References

  1. Kronenberg P, Somani B (2018) Advances in lasers for the treatment of stones-a systematic review. Curr Urol Rep 19(6):45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-018-0807-y

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Taratkin M, Azilgareeva C, Cacciamani GE, Enikeev D (2022) Thulium fiber laser in urology: physics made simple. Curr Opin Urol 32(2):166–172. https://doi.org/10.1097/mou.0000000000000967

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Petzold R, Miernik A, Suarez-Ibarrola R (2021) In vitro dusting performance of a new solid state thulium laser compared to holmium laser lithotripsy. J Endourol 35(2):221–225. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0525

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Sierra A, Corrales M, Kolvatzis M, Traxer O (2022) Initial clinical experience with the thulium fiber laser from Quanta System: First 50 reported cases. World J Urol 40(10):2549–2553. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04096-y

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Panthier F, Doizi S, Lapouge P, Chaussain C, Kogane N, Berthe L, Traxer O (2021) Comparison of the ablation rates, fissures and fragments produced with 150 µm and 272 µm laser fibers with superpulsed thulium fiber laser: an in vitro study. World J Urol 39(6):1683–1691. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03186-z

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Jiang P, Okhunov Z, Afyouni AS, Ali S, Hosseini Sharifi SH, Bhatt R, Brevik A, Ayad M, Larson K, Osann K, Patel RM, Landman J, Clayman RV (2023) Comparison of superpulse thulium fiber laser vs holmium laser for ablation of renal calculi in an in vivo porcine model. J Endourol 37(3):335–340. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2022.0445

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Basulto-Martínez M, Proietti S, Pavia MP, Yeow Y, Eisner BH, Giusti G (2023) Understanding the ablation rate of Holmium:YAG and thulium fiber lasers. Perspectives from an in vitro study. Urolithiasis 51 (1):32. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-022-01402-6

  8. Ulvik Ø, Æsøy MS, Juliebø-Jones P, Gjengstø P, Beisland C (2022) Thulium fibre laser versus holmium:YAG for ureteroscopic lithotripsy: outcomes from a prospective randomised clinical trial. Eur Urol 82(1):73–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2022.02.027

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Jaeger CD, Nelson CP, Cilento BG, Logvinenko T, Kurtz MP (2022) Comparing pediatric ureteroscopy outcomes with superpulsed thulium fiber laser and low-power holmium:YAG Laser. J Urol 208(2):426–433. https://doi.org/10.1097/ju.0000000000002666

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Patil A, Reddy N, Shah D, Singh A, Ganpule A, Sabnis R, Desai M (2022) High-power holmium with moses technology or thulium fiber laser in miniperc with suction: a new curiosity. J Endourol 36(10):1348–1354. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2021.0915

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Delbarre B, Baowaidan F, Culty T, Khelfat L, Brassier M, Ferragu M, Magnier A, Secourgeon A, Tariel F, Lebdai S, Bigot P (2023) Prospective comparison of thulium and holmium laser lithotripsy for the treatment of upper urinary tract lithiasis. Eur Urol Open Sci 51:7–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euros.2023.02.012

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Haas CR, Knoedler MA, Li S, Gralnek DR, Best SL, Penniston KL, Nakada SY (2023) Pulse-modulated Holmium:YAG Laser vs the thulium fiber laser for renal and ureteral stones: a single-center prospective randomized clinical trial. J Urol 209(2):374–383. https://doi.org/10.1097/ju.0000000000003050

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Kraft L, Petzold R, Suarez-Ibarrola R, Miernik A (2022) In vitro fragmentation performance of a novel, pulsed Thulium solid-state laser compared to a Thulium fibre laser and standard Ho:YAG laser. Lasers Med Sci 37(3):2071–2078. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-021-03495-8

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Kraft L, Yilmaz M, Petzold R, Gratzke C, Suarez-Ibarrola R, Miernik A (2022) Dusting efficiency of a novel pulsed thulium: yttrium aluminum garnet laser vs a thulium fiber laser. J Endourol 36(2):259–265. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2021.0441

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Perri D, Berti L, Pacchetti A, Morini E, Besana U, Marcangeli P, Maltagliati M, Sighinolfi MC, Romero-Otero J, Pastore AL, Gözen AS, Broggini P, Rocco B, Mazzoleni F, Bozzini G (2023) Treatment of ureteral stones with LithoEVO device and Vapor Tunnel tool. Minerva Urol Nephrol 75(2):210–216. https://doi.org/10.23736/s2724-6051.22.05039-x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Pietropaolo A, Hughes T, Mani M, Somani B (2021) Outcomes of Ureteroscopy and Laser Stone Fragmentation (URSL) for Kidney Stone Disease (KSD): Comparative Cohort Study Using MOSES Technology 60 W Laser System versus Regular Holmium 20 W Laser. J Clin Med 10 (13). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10132742

  17. Wang M, Shao Q, Zhu X, Wang Z, Zheng A (2021) Efficiency and clinical outcomes of moses technology with flexible ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy for treatment of renal calculus. Urol Int 105(7–8):587–593. https://doi.org/10.1159/000512054

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Mahajan AD, Mahajan SA (2022) Thulium fiber laser versus holmium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser for stone lithotripsy during mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a prospective randomized trial. Indian J Urol 38(1):42–47. https://doi.org/10.4103/iju.iju_331_21

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Martov AG, Ergakov DV, Guseynov M, Andronov AS, Plekhanova OA (2021) Clinical Comparison of Super Pulse Thulium Fiber Laser and High-Power Holmium Laser for Ureteral Stone Management. J Endourol 35(6):795–800. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0581

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Ryan JR, Nguyen MH, Linscott JA, Nowicki SW, James E, Jumper BM, Ordoñez M, Ingimarsson JP (2022) Ureteroscopy with thulium fiber laser lithotripsy results in shorter operating times and large cost savings. World J Urol 40(8):2077–2082. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04037-9

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. Inoue T, Hamamoto S, Okada S, Yamamichi F, Fujita M, Tominaga K, Tobe Y, Fujisawa M (2022) Single-Session Impact of High-Power Laser with Moses Technology for Lower Pole Stones in Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery: Retrospective Study. J Clin Med 12 (1). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010301

  22. Pietropaolo A, Mani M, Hughes T, Somani BK (2022) Role of low- versus high-power laser in the treatment of lower pole stones: prospective non-randomized outcomes from a university teaching hospital. Ther Adv Urol 14:17562872221097344. https://doi.org/10.1177/17562872221097345

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Bhat A, Katz JE, Banerjee I, Blachman-Braun R, Alter K, Shah RH, Smith NA, Shah HN (2021) A prospective evaluation of high- and low-power holmium laser settings for transurethral lithotripsy in the management of adults with large bladder calculi. World J Urol 39(9):3481–3488. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-021-03617-5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Keller EX, De Coninck V, Doizi S, Daudon M, Traxer O (2021) Thulium fiber laser: ready to dust all urinary stone composition types? World J Urol 39(6):1693–1698. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03217-9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Enikeev D, Grigoryan V, Fokin I, Morozov A, Taratkin M, Klimov R, Kozlov V, Gabdullina S, Glybochko P (2021) Endoscopic lithotripsy with a SuperPulsed thulium-fiber laser for ureteral stones: A single-center experience. Int J Urol 28(3):261–265. https://doi.org/10.1111/iju.14443

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Taratkin M, Azilgareeva C, Korolev D, Barghouthy Y, Tsarichenko D, Akopyan G, Chinenov D, Ali S, Kozlov V, Mikhailov V, Enikeev D (2022) Prospective Single-Center Study of SuperPulsed Thulium Fiber Laser in Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery: Initial Clinical Data. Urol Int 106(4):404–410. https://doi.org/10.1159/000516933

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Majdalany SE, Levin BA, Ghani KR (2021) The efficiency of moses technology holmium laser for treating renal stones during flexible ureteroscopy: relationship between stone volume, time, and energy. J Endourol 35(S3):S14-s21. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2021.0592

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Liao N, Tan S, Yang S, Zhai G, Li C, Li T, Chen Y, Mo L, Cheng J (2023) A study comparing dusting to basketing for renal stones ≤ 2 cm during flexible ureteroscopy. Int Braz J Urol 49(2):194–201. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.Ibju.2022.0382

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Stern KL, Sur RL, Lim ES, Kong E, Wong KFV, Brar H, Moore J, Berger JH, Bechis SK, Monga M, Sivalingam S, Humphreys MR, Chew BH (2023) Long-term follow-up on dusting versus basketing during ureteroscopy: a prospective multicenter trial from the EDGE Research Consortium. Urolithiasis 51(1):70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-023-01439-1

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  30. Keller EX, De Coninck V, Doizi S, Daudon M, Traxer O (2021) What is the exact definition of stone dust? An in vitro evaluation. World J Urol 39(1):187–194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03178-z

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Taratkin M, Azilgareeva C, Corrales M, Teoh JY, Allenov S, Inoyatov J, Ali S, Rivas JG, Markovina I, Enikeev D (2021) Superpulse thulium fiber laser lithotripsy: an in vitro comparison of 200 μm and 150 μm laser fibers. World J Urol 39(12):4459–4464. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-021-03800-8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Kwok JL, Ventimiglia E, De Coninck V, et al. Pulsed thulium:YAG laser-ready to dust all uriniary stone composition types? Results from a PEARLS analysis. WJU 2023 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-023-04549-y. Online ahead of print.

  33. Black KM, Aldoukhi AH, Teichman JMH, Majdalany SE, Hall TL, Roberts WW, Ghani KR (2021) Pulse modulation with Moses technology improves popcorn laser lithotripsy. World J Urol 39(6):1699–1705. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03282-0

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Tsaturyan A, Ballesta Martinez B, Lattarulo M, Adamou C, Pagonis K, Peteinaris A, Liourdi D, Vrettos T, Liatsikos E, Kallidonis P (2022) Could the high-power laser increase the efficacy of stone lithotripsy during retrograde intrarenal surgery? J Endourol 36(7):877–884. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2021.0870

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Aldoukhi AH, Hall TL, Ghani KR, Roberts WW (2021) Strike rate: analysis of laser fiber to stone distance during different modes of laser lithotripsy. J Endourol 35(3):355–359. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0298

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Panthier F, Germain T, Gorny C, Berthe L, Doizi S, Traxer O (2021) Laser Fiber Displacement Velocity during Tm-Fiber and Ho:YAG Laser Lithotripsy: Introducing the Concept of Optimal Displacement Velocity. J Clin Med 11 (1). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11010181

  37. Liu M, Peng Y, Wang Z, Li L, Ming S, Fang Z, Dong H, Li R, Gao X (2021) Ablation efficiency of a novel thulium fiber laser: an in vitro study on laser setting and fiber usage. J Endourol 35(8):1211–1216. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.1116

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Sierra A, Corrales M, Kolvatzis M, Panthier F, Piñero A, Traxer O (2022) Thermal injury and laser efficiency with holmium yag and thulium fiber laser-an in vitro study. J Endourol 36(12):1599–1606. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2022.0216

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Liu M, Li L, Xu Z, Peng Y, Wang Z, Xie F, Gao X (2022) Stone retropulsion caused by the pulse-duration adjustable holmium laser: analysis of the whole-process dynamics with a modified method. J Endourol 36(4):508–513. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2021.0651

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Chung JH, Baek M, Park SS, Han DH (2021) The feasibility of pop-dusting using high-power laser (2 J × 50 Hz) in retrograde intrarenal surgery for renal stones: retrospective single-center experience. J Endourol 35(3):279–284. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0585

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Ventimiglia E, Pauchard F, Gorgen ARH, Panthier F, Doizi S, Traxer O (2021) How do we assess the efficacy of Ho:YAG low-power laser lithotripsy for the treatment of upper tract urinary stones? Introducing the Joules/mm(3) and laser activity concepts. World J Urol 39(3):891–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03241-9

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Kaygisiz O, Yeni S, Turan L, Cicek MC, Coşkun B, Kilicarslan H (2022) Ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy for pediatric kidney stones using holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser devices: 15 W vs 30 W. J Endourol 36(7):916–920. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2021.0922

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Sierra A, Corrales M, Piñero A, Traxer O (2022) Thulium fiber laser pre-settings during ureterorenoscopy: Twitter’s experts’ recommendations. World J Urol 40(6):1529–1535. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-03966-9

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Sierra A, Corrales M, Piñero A, Kolvatzis M, Somani B, Traxer O (2022) Glossary of pre-settings given by laser companies: no consensus! World J Urol 40(9):2313–2321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04090-4

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Terry RS, Ho DS, Scialabba DM, Whelan PS, Qi R, Ketterman BT, Preminger GM, Zhong P, Lipkin ME (2022) Comparison of different pulse modulation modes for holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser lithotripsy ablation in a benchtop model. J Endourol 36(1):29–37. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2021.0113

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  46. Rezakahn Khajeh N, Black KM, Daignault-Newton S, Hall TL, Roberts WW, Ghani KR (2022) Impact of pulse mode on dusting effect for holmium laser lithotripsy. in vitro evaluation with calcium oxalate monohydrate stones. Urology 159:53–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2021.08.042

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Knoedler MA, Li S, Best SL, Hedican SP, Penniston KL, Nakada SY (2022) Clinical impact of the institution of moses technology on efficiency during retrograde ureteroscopy for stone disease: single-center experience. J Endourol 36(1):65–70. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2021.0251

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Rezakahn Khajeh N, Majdalany SE, Ghani KR (2021) Moses 2.0 for High-Power Ureteroscopic Stone Dusting: Clinical Principles for Step-by-Step Video Technique. J Endourol 35 (S3):S22-s28. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2021.0682

  49. Emiliani E, Kanashiro AK, Balaña J, Fontanet S, Aumatell J, Calderón-Cortez J, Iregui-Parra J, Sanchez-Pui A, Sanchez-Martin F, Millan F, Angerri O (2023) Use of Moses 2.0 with extended frequency and optimized Moses vs. high-power laser in MiniPCNL: a randomized controlled trial. Urolithiasis 51 (1):75. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-023-01443-5

  50. Bozzini G, Maltagliati M, Berti L, Besana U, Calori A, Pastore AL, Gozen A, Govorov A, Liatsikos E, Micali S, Rocco B, Tunc L, Buizza C (2022) “VirtualBasket” ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy: intraoperative and early postoperative outcomes. Minerva Urol Nephrol 74(3):344–350. https://doi.org/10.23736/s2724-6051.21.04025-x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Ballesta Martinez B, Peteinaris A, Tsaturyan A, Natsos A, Koukiou G, Vagionis A, Pagonis K, Obaidat M, Liourdi D, Vrettos T, Liatsikos E, Kallidonis P (2022) Stone ablation rates using innovative pulse modulation technology: Vapor tunnel, virtual basket, and bubble blast. An in vitro experimental study. Lasers Surg Med 54 (4):580–587. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.23503

  52. Enikeev D, Taratkin M, Klimov R, Alyaev Y, Rapoport L, Gazimiev M, Korolev D, Ali S, Akopyan G, Tsarichenko D, Markovina I, Ventimiglia E, Goryacheva E, Okhunov Z, Jefferson FA, Glybochko P, Traxer O (2020) Thulium-fiber laser for lithotripsy: first clinical experience in percutaneous nephrolithotomy. World J Urol 38(12):3069–3074. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03134-x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Petzold R, Miernik A, Suarez-Ibarrola R (2021) Retropulsion force in laser lithotripsy-an in vitro study comparing a Holmium device to a novel pulsed solid-state Thulium laser. World J Urol 39(9):3651–3656. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-021-03668-8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  54. Geavlete P, Multescu R, Geavlete B (2021) Re: comparison of the ablation rates, fissures and fragments produced with 150 μm and 272 μm laser fibers with superpulsed thulium fiber laser: an in vitro study. Eur Urol 79(5):704–705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2020.12.024

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Yang B, Ray A, Zhang JJ, Peng S, O’Brien M, Turney B (2023) Stone ablation efficacy: a comparison of a thulium fibre laser and two pulse-modulated holmium:YAG lasers. Urolithiasis 51(1):31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00240-022-01393-4

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  56. Chen J, Li D, Yu W, Ma Z, Li C, Xiang G, Wu Y, Yao J, Zhong P (2022) The Effects of Scanning Speed and Standoff Distance of the Fiber on Dusting Efficiency during Short Pulse Holmium: YAG Laser Lithotripsy. J Clin Med 11 (17). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11175048

  57. Uzan A, Chiron P, Panthier F, Haddad M, Berthe L, Traxer O, Doizi S (2021) Comparison of Holmium:YAG and Thulium Fiber Lasers on the Risk of Laser Fiber Fracture. J Clin Med 10 (13). doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10132960

  58. Levin BA, Aldoukhi AH, Black KM, Hall TL, Roberts WW, Ghani KR (2021) Burnback: the role of pulse duration and energy on fiber-tip degradation during high-power laser lithotripsy. Lasers Med Sci 36(9):1817–1822. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-020-03199-5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Germain T, Berthe L, Panthier F, Gorny C, Traxer O, Doizi S (2022) Assessment of factors involved in laser fiber degradation with thulium fiber laser. J Endourol 36(5):668–673. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2021.0387

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Carrera RV, Randall JH, Garcia-Gil M, Knudsen BE, Chew BH, Thompson JA, Humphreys MR, Molina WR (2021) ureteroscopic performance of high power super pulse thulium fiber laser for the treatment of urolithiasis: results of the first case series in North America. Urology 153:87–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2020.12.054

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Moore J, Chavez A, Narang G, Bogle J, Stern K (2022) Operating room noise hazards during laser lithotripsy: a comparison between the thulium fiber and holmium laser platforms. World J Urol 40(3):801–805. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-021-03897-x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Lange B, Ozimek T, Wießmeyer JR, Kramer MW, Merseburger AS, Brinkmann R (2023) Fluorescence-guided laser lithotripsy: Estimation of the potential effectiveness and safety increase based on first clinical data. J Biophotonics:e202300044. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.202300044

  63. Jeong J, Chang K, Lee J, Choi J (2022) A warning system for urolithiasis via retrograde intrarenal surgery using machine learning: an experimental study. BMC Urol 22(1):80. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12894-022-01032-5

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  64. Schlager D, Schulte A, Schütz J, Brandenburg A, Schell C, Lamrini S, Vogel M, Teichmann HO, Miernik A (2021) Laser-guided real-time automatic target identification for endoscopic stone lithotripsy: a two-arm in vivo porcine comparison study. World J Urol 39(7):2719–2726. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03452-0

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Giglio NC, Hutchens TC, South AA, Fried NM (2021) Dynamic properties of surfactant-enhanced laser-induced vapor bubbles for lithotripsy applications. J Biomed Opt 26 (1). doi:https://doi.org/10.1117/1.Jbo.26.1.018001

  66. Shah HN, Etafy MH, Katz JE, Garcia Lopez EA, Shah RH (2021) A randomized controlled trial comparing high and medium power settings for holmium laser enucleation of prostate. World J Urol 39(8):3005–3011. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03535-y

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Tokatli Z, Ferhat M, Ibis MA, Turkmen Sariyildiz G, Elhan A, Sarica K (2021) Does the power of the laser devices matter for a successful HoLEP procedure? A prospective comparative study. Int J Clin Pract 75(10):e14531. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.14531

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Westhofen T, Schott M, Keller P, Tamalunas A, Stief CG, Magistro G (2021) Superiority of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate over transurethral resection of the prostate in a matched-pair analysis of bleeding complications under various antithrombotic regimens. J Endourol 35(3):328–334. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0321

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Trotsenko P, Wetterauer C, Grimsehl P, Möltgen T, Meierhans S, Manka L, Seifert H, Wyler S, Kwiatkowski M (2021) Efficacy, safety, and perioperative outcomes of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate-a comparison of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary retention. Lasers Med Sci 36(7):1397–1402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-020-03170-4

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Fallara G, Capogrosso P, Schifano N, Costa A, Candela L, Cazzaniga W, Boeri L, Belladelli F, Scattoni V, Salonia A, Montorsi F (2021) Ten-year follow-up results after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate. Eur Urol Focus 7(3):612–617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euf.2020.05.012

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Heiman J, Agarwal D, Komanapalli S, Nottingham C, Large T, Krambeck A, Rivera M (2022) Outcomes of octogenarians undergoing holmium laser enucleation of prostate. World J Urol 40(7):1751–1754. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04053-9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Di Maida F, Grosso AA, Tellini R, Nardoni S, Giudici S, Cadenar A, Salamone V, Lambertini L, Salvi M, Minervini A, Tuccio A (2023) Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is safe and effective in patients with high comorbidity burden. Int Braz J Urol 49(3):341–350. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.Ibju.2022.0174

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  73. Deuker M, Rührup J, Karakiewicz PI, Welte M, Kluth LA, Banek S, Roos FC, Mandel P, Chun FK, Becker A (2021) Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate: efficacy, safety and preoperative management in patients presenting with anticoagulation therapy. World J Urol 39(4):1219–1226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03272-2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Agarwal DK, Large T, Stoughton CL, Heiman JM, Nottingham CU, Rivera ME, Krambeck AE (2021) Real-world experience of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate with patients on anticoagulation therapy. J Endourol 35(7):1036–1041. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0886

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Stoddard MD, Zheng X, Mao J, Te A, Sedrakyan A, Chughtai B (2021) Safety and efficacy of outpatient surgical procedures for the treatment of benign prostatic enlargement in new york state and california (2005–2016). J Urol 205(3):848–854. https://doi.org/10.1097/ju.0000000000001401

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Gild P, Vetterlein MW, Daoud I, Ludwig TA, Soave A, Marks P, Chun FK, Ahyai S, Dahlem R, Fisch M, Rink M, Meyer CP, Becker A (2023) Which men do or do not achieve long-term symptom relief after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP): 11 years of HoLEP experience. J Endourol 37(3):316–322. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2022.0396

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Droghetti M, Porreca A, Bianchi L, Piazza P, Giampaoli M, Casablanca C, D’Agostino D, Cochetti G, Romagnoli D, Schiavina R, Brunocilla E (2022) Long-term outcomes of Holmium laser enucleation of prostate and predictive model for symptom recurrence. Prostate 82(2):203–209. https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.24259

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Gild P, Lenke L, Pompe RS, Vetterlein MW, Ludwig TA, Soave A, Chun FK, Ahyai S, Dahlem R, Fisch M, Rink M, Meyer CP, Becker A (2021) Assessing the outcome of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate by age, prostate volume, and a history of blood thinning agents: report from a single-center series of >1800 consecutive cases. J Endourol 35(5):639–646. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0605

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Grosso AA, Di Maida F, Nardoni S, Salvi M, Giudici S, Lambertini L, Cadenar A, Tellini R, Cocci A, Mari A, Minervini A, Tuccio A (2023) Patterns and predictors of optimal surgical and functional outcomes after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP): introducing the concept of “Trifecta.” The world journal of men’s health 41(3):603–611. https://doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.220042

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  80. Capogrosso P, Ventimiglia E, Fallara G, Schifano N, Costa A, Candela L, Pellegrino F, Colandrea G, Cignoli D, De Angelis M, Belladelli F, Longoni M, Avesani G, Lanzaro F, Scattoni V, Dehò F, Salonia A, Briganti A, Montorsi F (2023) Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate is associated with complications and sequelae even in the hands of an experienced surgeon following completion of the learning curve. Eur Urol Focus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euf.2023.03.018

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Capogrosso P, Fallara G, Pozzi E, Schifano N, Candela L, Costa A, Boeri L, Belladelli F, Cazzaniga W, Scattoni V, Salonia A, Montorsi F (2022) Rates and predictors of postoperative complications after Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) at a high-volume center. Minerva Urol Nephrol 74(4):461–466. https://doi.org/10.23736/s2724-6051.21.04315-9

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Houssin V, Olivier J, Brenier M, Pierache A, Laniado M, Mouton M, Theveniaud PE, Baumert H, Mallet R, Marquette T, Villers A, Robert G, Rizk J (2021) Predictive factors of urinary incontinence after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate: a multicentric evaluation. World J Urol 39(1):143–148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03169-0

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Elsaqa M, Risinger J, El Tayeb MM (2022) Urethral complications post-holmium laser enucleation of the prostate: a seven-year experience. J Endourol 36(12):1575–1579. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2022.0422

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Lee MS, Assmus MA, Ganesh M, Han J, Helon J, Mai Q, Mi X, Krambeck AE (2023) An outcomes comparison between holmium laser enucleation of the prostate, open simple prostatectomy, and robotic simple prostatectomy for large gland benign prostatic hypertrophy. Urology 173:180–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2022.12.018

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Hayashi Y, Yoneyama S, Takizawa A, Kobayashi K, Ito H (2023) Comparison of the short-term efficacy and safety of bipolar transurethral electro vaporization and holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for moderate and large benign prostatic enlargement. BMC Urol 23(1):50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12894-023-01215-8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  86. Zell MA, Abdul-Muhsin H, Navaratnam A, Cumsky J, Girardo M, Cornella J, Nevo A, Cheney S, Humphreys MR (2021) Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for very large benign prostatic hyperplasia (≥ 200 cc). World J Urol 39(1):129–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03156-5

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Tay LJ, Kulkarni M, Oluwole-Ojo A, Spurling LJ, El-Hage O, DiBenedetto E, Hadjipavlou M, Popert R, Challacombe B (2022) HoLEPs: a comparative study of men with massive prostate volumes ≥150 mL and <150 mL. Urology 164:197–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2021.12.038

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Nottingham CU, Large T, Agarwal DK, Rivera ME, Krambeck AE (2021) Comparison of newly optimized moses technology vs standard holmium:YAG for endoscopic laser enucleation of the prostate. J Endourol 35(9):1393–1399. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0996

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Kavoussi NL, Nimmagadda N, Robles J, Forbes C, Wang A, Stone B, Miller NL (2021) MOSES(TM) technology for holmium laser enucleation of the prostate: a prospective double-blind randomized controlled trial. J Urol 206(1):104–108. https://doi.org/10.1097/ju.0000000000001693

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Bozzini G, Maltagliati M, Besana U, Berti L, Calori A, Sighinolfi MC, Micali S, Roche JB, Gozen A, Mueller A, Pushkar D, Liatsikos E, Boldini M, Buizza C, Rocco B (2021) Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate with Virtual Basket mode: faster and better control on bleeding. BMC Urol 21(1):28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12894-021-00797-5

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  91. Kim KH, Yang HJ, Heo NH, Kim SH, Kim DS, Lee CH, Jeon YS (2021) Comparison study of learning curve using cumulative sum analysis between holmium laser enucleation of the prostate and transurethral resection of the prostate: is holmium laser enucleation of the prostate a difficult procedure for beginner urologists? J Endourol 35(2):159–164. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0492

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Rücker F, Lehrich K, Böhme A, Zacharias M, Ahyai SA, Hansen J (2021) A call for HoLEP: en-bloc vs. two-lobe vs. three-lobe. World journal of urology 39 (7):2337–2345. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-021-03598-5

  93. Press B, Gardezi M, Kim DD, Lokeshwar S, Rahman S, Siev M, Ghiraldi E, Lerner L, Kellner D (2023) ejaculatory preserving holmium laser enucleation of the median lobe: preserving sexual function while improving urinary outcomes. Urology 173:175–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2022.12.035

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Wang X, Chen G, Wu P, Ben L, Liu Q, Wang J (2023) The en bloc method is feasible for beginners learning to perform holmium laser enucleation of the prostate. Translational andrology and urology 12(3):477–486. https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-23-106

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  95. Tuccio A, Grosso AA, Sessa F, Salvi M, Tellini R, Cocci A, Viola L, Verrienti P, Di Camillo M, Di Maida F, Mari A, Carini M, Minervini A (2021) En-bloc holmium laser enucleation of the prostate with early apical release: Are we ready for a new paradigm? J Endourol 35(11):1675–1683. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.1189

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Tunc L, Yalcin S, Kaya E, Gazel E, Yılmaz S, Aybal HC, Yılmaz M, Tokas T (2021) The “Omega Sign”: a novel HoLEP technique that improves continence outcomes after enucleation. World J Urol 39(1):135–141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03152-9

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Kim DH, Kang CS, Choi JW, Jeh SU, Choi SM, Lee CW, Kam SC, Hwa JS, Hyun JS (2023) The efficacy and safety of “inverted omega en-bloc” holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HOLEP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a size-independent technique for the surgical treatment of LUTS. World J Men’s Health. https://doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.220225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. Ericson CA, Baird BA, Mauler DJ, Lyon TD, Ball CT, Dora CD (2023) Early apical release versus En-bloc no touch technique for holmium laser enucleation of the prostate: a high-volume single-surgeon cohort study. World J Urol 41(1):167–172. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04206-w

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Bertolo R, Dalpiaz O, Bozzini G, Cipriani C, Vittori M, Alber T, Maiorino F, Carilli M, Zeder R, Iacovelli V, Antonucci M, Sandri M, Bove P (2022) Thulium laser enucleation of prostate versus laparoscopic trans-vesical simple prostatectomy in the treatment of large benign prostatic hyperplasia: head-to-head comparison. Int Braz J Urol 48(2):328–335. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.Ibju.2021.0726

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  100. Hou CP, Lin YH, Yang PS, Chang PL, Chen CL, Lin KY, Juang HH, Weng SC, Tsui KH (2021) Clinical outcome of endoscopic enucleation of the prostate compared with robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy for prostates larger than 80 cm(3) in aging male. Am J Mens Health 15(6):15579883211064128. https://doi.org/10.1177/15579883211064128

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  101. Bozzini G, Berti L, Aydoğan TB, Maltagliati M, Roche JB, Bove P, Besana U, Calori A, Pastore AL, Müller A, Micali S, Sighinolfi MC, Rocco B, Buizza C (2021) A prospective multicenter randomized comparison between Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP) and Thulium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (ThuLEP). World J Urol 39(7):2375–2382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03468-6

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Grüne B, Siegel F, Waldbillig F, Pfalzgraf D, Kamdje Wabo G, Herrmann J, Kriegmair MC, Nuhn P, Michel MS, von Hardenberg J (2022) Long-term reinterventions after thulium laser enucleation of the prostate: 12-year experience with more than 1000 patients. Eur Urol Focus 8(5):1370–1375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euf.2021.12.006

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Castellani D, Antonucci M, Signoretti M, Cipriani C, Vittori M, Bertolo R, Gasparri L, Dellabella M, Bove P (2022) Urethral and bladder neck stenosis after thulium laser enucleation of the prostate: Analysis of risk factors in a series of 1003 patients. Andrologia 54(9):e14523. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.14523

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Patel S, Khan MA (2022) Thulium laser vapo-enucleation treatment for prostates >100 cc following urinary retention. Urologia 89(3):378–381. https://doi.org/10.1177/03915603211016325

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Netsch C, Becker B, Tiburtius C, Moritz C, Becci AV, Herrmann TRW, Gross AJ (2017) A prospective, randomized trial comparing thulium vapoenucleation with holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic obstruction: perioperative safety and efficacy. World J Urol 35(12):1913–1921. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-017-2071-z

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. Huusmann S, Lafos M, Meyenburg I et al (2021) Tissue effects of a newly developled diode pumped pulsed Thulium:YAG laser compared to continuous wave Thulium:YAG and pulsed Holmium:YAG laser. WJU 39(9):3503–3508

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Petov V, Babaevskaya D, Taratkin M, Chuvalov L, Lusuardi L, Misrai V, Sukhanov R, Scoffone CM, Enikeev D (2022) Thulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate: prospective study of mid- and long-term outcomes in 1328 patients. J Endourol 36(9):1231–1236. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2022.0029

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Doizi S, Germain T, Panthier F, Compérat E, Traxer O, Berthe L (2022) Comparison of holmium:YAG and thulium fiber lasers on soft tissue: an ex vivo study. J Endourol 36(2):251–258. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2021.0263

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Bozzini G, Berti L, Maltagliati M, Besana U, Micali S, Roche JB, Romero-Otero J, Pacchetti A, Perri D, Morini E, Saredi G, Mazzoleni F, Sighinolfi MC, Buizza C, Rocco B (2023) Thulium: YAG vs continuous-wave thulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate: do potential advantages of thulium fiber lasers translate into relevant clinical differences? World J Urol 41(1):143–150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04201-1

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Enikeev D, Taratkin M, Babaevskaya D, Morozov A, Petov V, Sukhanov R, Shpot E, Misrai V, Chinenov D, Enikeev M, Herrmann T (2022) Randomized prospective trial of the severity of irritative symptoms after HoLEP vs ThuFLEP. World J Urol 40(8):2047–2053. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04046-8

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Gauhar V, Nedbal C, Castellani D, Fong KY, Sofer M, Socarrás MR, Tursunkulov AN, Ying LK, Elterman D, Mahajan A, Petov V, Ivanovich SN, Bhatia TP, Enikeev D, Gadzhiev N, Chiruvella M, Teoh JY, Galosi AB, Sancha FG, Somani BK, Herrmann TRW (2023) Comparison Between Thulium Fiber Laser and High-power Holmium Laser for Anatomic Endoscopic Enucleation of the Prostate: A Propensity Score-matched Analysis from the REAP Registry. Eur Urol Focus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euf.2023.06.009

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Law KW, Tholomier C, Nguyen DD, Sadri I, Couture F, Zakaria AS, Bouhadana D, Bruyère F, Cash H, Reimann M, Cindolo L, Ferrari G, Vasquez-Lastra C, Borelli-Bovo TJ, Becher EF, Misrai V, Elterman D, Bhojani N, Zorn KC (2021) Global Greenlight Group: largest international Greenlight experience for benign prostatic hyperplasia to assess efficacy and safety. World J Urol 39(12):4389–4395. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-021-03688-4

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Laine-Caroff P, Pradere B, Ruffion A, Bruyere F (2021) Greenlight laser photoselective vaporization vs open simple prostatectomy: long-term functional outcomes after treatment of large volume prostates (> 80 cc). Int Urol Nephrol 53(7):1289–1295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-021-02839-1

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Corsi N, Nguyen DD, Arezki A, Sadri I, Law K, Bouhadana D, Deyirmendjian C, Bhojani N, Elterman DS, Bruyère F, Cindolo L, Ferrari G, Vasquez-Lastra C, Borelli-Bovo T, Becher EF, Cash H, Reimann M, Rijo E, Misrai V, Chughtai B, Zorn KC (2023) Functional outcomes of GreenLight 180-W photoselective vaporization in patients with large (≥ 80 cc) prostates: an analysis of over 3000 men in the Global Greenlight Group (GGG) database. World J Urol 41(2):529–536. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04260-4

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  115. Salmivalli A, Ettala O, Nurminen P, Kinnala P, Boström PJ, Kytö V (2023) Short- and long-term risks of photoselective laser vaporization of the prostate: a population-based comparison with transurethral resection of the prostate. Ann Med 55(1):1287–1294. https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2023.2192046

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  116. Nguyen DD, Sadri I, Law K, Bhojani N, Elterman DS, Zakaria AS, Arezki A, Bruyère F, Cindolo L, Ferrari G, Vasquez-Lastra C, Borelli-Bovo T, Becher EF, Cash H, Reimann M, Rijo E, Misrai V, Zorn KC (2021) Impact of the presence of a median lobe on functional outcomes of greenlight photovaporization of the prostate (PVP): an analysis of the Global Greenlight Group (GGG) Database. World J Urol 39(10):3881–3889. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03529-w

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Erazo JC, Suso-Palau D, Sejnaui JE, Aluma L, Mendoza L, Ramirez G, Morales C, Usubillaga F, Mendoza S, Rivera F, Mendoza A, Usubillaga MC, Erazo S, Chavarriaga J (2022) Outpatient 180 W XPS greenlight laser photoselective vaporization of the prostate: 7-year experience. J Endourol 36(4):548–553. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2021.0618

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. Trujillo CG, Zuluaga L, Plata M, Caicedo JI, Bravo-Balado A, Barco C, Rondón M (2021) Changing paradigms: green laser vaporization for prostates over 80 mL: a comparative study. J Endourol 35(11):1665–1670. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.1085

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. Campobasso D, Morselli S, Greco F, De Nunzio C, Destefanis P, Fasolis G, Varvello F, Voce S, Reale G, Cai T, Oriti R, Tuccio A, Ruggera L, Laganà A, Dadone C, Gontero P, De Rienzo G, Pucci L, Carrino M, Montefiore F, Rabito S, Miano R, Schips L, Frattini A, Micali S, Ferrari G, Cindolo L (2023) Efficacy and safety profile of GreenLight laser photoselective vaporization of the prostate in ≥ 75 years old patients: results from the Italian GreenLight Laser Study Group. Aging Clin Exp Res 35(4):877–885. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-023-02351-9

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. Deyirmendjian C, Nguyen DD, Law KW, Nguyen AV, Sadri I, Arezki A, Bouhadana D, Ibrahim A, Bhojani N, Elterman DS, Chughtai B, Bruyère F, Cindolo L, Ferrari G, Vasquez-Lastra C, Borelli-Bovo T, Becher EF, Cash H, Reimann M, Rijo E, Misrai V, Zorn KC (2023) Safety and efficacy of GreenLight PVP in octogenarians: evaluation of the Global GreenLight Group database. World J Urol 41(4):1133–1140. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-023-04334-x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  121. Pierce H, Goueli R, Al Hussein Al Awamlh B, Goel S, Meskawi M, Zorn K, Te A, Chughtai B (2021) Impact of Body Mass Index on Outcomes Following Anatomic GreenLight Laser Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate. J Endourol 35 (1):39-45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0077

  122. Nguyen DD, Deyirmendjian C, Law K, Bhojani N, Elterman DS, Chughtai B, Bruyère F, Cindolo L, Ferrari G, Vasquez-Lastra C, Borelli-Bovo T, Becher EF, Cash H, Reimann M, Rijo E, Misrai V, Zorn KC (2022) GreenLight photovaporization of the prostate in high-medical-risk patients: an analysis of the Global GreenLight Group (GGG) database. World J Urol 40(7):1755–1762. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-03986-5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Ferrari G, Rabito S, Gatti L, Ntep NN, Vitelli FD, Marchioni M, Rocco BM, Micali S, Ferrari R, Cindolo L (2022) Green light laser enucleation of the prostate with early apical release is safe and effective: single center experience and revision of the literature. Minerva Urol Nephrol 74(4):467–474. https://doi.org/10.23736/s2724-6051.21.04145-x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. Gasmi A, Khene ZE, Guérin S, Bensalah K, Peyronnet B, Mathieu R, Roupret M, Rijo E, Pradère B, Misrai V (2021) Propensity-score analysis comparing perioperative and functional outcomes between XPS 180 W-photovaporization and GreenLight laser enucleation of the prostate: reasons to discard vaporization and move to enucleation. World J Urol 39(7):2269–2276. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-021-03590-z

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  125. Liu Z, Chen Z, Yan D, Jiang T, Fu J, Zheng J, Zhou Y, Zhou Z, Shen W (2022) Photoselective sharp enucleation of the prostate with a front-firing 532-nm laser versus photoselective vaporization of the prostate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomised controlled trial with 1-year followup results. BMC Urol 22(1):173. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12894-022-01129-x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  126. Frego N, Saita A, Casale P, Diana P, Contieri R, Avolio PP, Lazzeri M, Hurle R, Buffi NM, Guazzoni GF, Lughezzani G (2021) Feasibility, safety, and efficacy of ultrasound-guided transperineal laser ablation for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a single institutional experience. World J Urol 39(10):3867–3873. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-021-03685-7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  127. Tzelves L, Nagasubramanian S, Pinitas A et al (2023) Transperineal laser ablation as a new minimally invasive surgical therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review of existing literature. Ther Adv Urol 21(15):17562872231198634

    Article  Google Scholar 

  128. Bertolo R, Iacovelli V, Cipriani C, Carilli M, Vittori M, Antonucci M, Maiorino F, Signoretti M, Petta F, Travaglia S, Panei M, Bove P (2023) Ejaculatory function following transperineal laser ablation vs TURP for benign prostatic obstruction: a randomized trial. BJU Int 132(1):100–108. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.16008

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  129. Proietti S, Johnston T, Pupulin M, Di Pietro S, Spagna S, Rico L, Lucianò R, Ventimiglia E, Villa L, Gaboardi F, Giusti G (2022) Effectiveness and safety of thulium fiber laser in the conservative management of patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Eur Urol Open Sci 46:99–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euros.2022.10.010

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  130. Bozzini G, Gastaldi C, Besana U, Calori A, Casellato S, Parma P, Pastore A, Macchi A, Breda A, Gozen A, Skolarikos A, Herrmann T, Scoffone C, Eissa A, Sighinolfi MC, Rocco B, Buizza C, Liatsikos E (2021) Thulium-laser retrograde intra renal ablation of upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma: an ESUT Study. Minerva Urol Nephrol 73(1):114–121. https://doi.org/10.23736/s2724-6051.20.03689-9

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  131. Huusmann S, Lafos M, Meyenburg I, Muschter R, Teichmann HO, Herrmann T (2021) Tissue effects of a newly developed diode pumped pulsed Thulium:YAG laser compared to continuous wave Thulium:YAG and pulsed Holmium:YAG laser. World J Urol 39(9):3503–3508. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-021-03634-4

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  132. Sanguedolce F, Fontana M, Turco M, Territo A, Lucena JB, Cortez JC, Vanacore D, Meneghetti I, Gallioli A, Gaya JM, Redorta JP, Breda A (2021) Endoscopic management of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma: oncologic outcomes and prognostic factors in a contemporary cohort. J Endourol 35(11):1593–1600. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2021.0133

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  133. Migliari R, Buffardi A, Ghabin H (2015) Thulium laser endoscopic en bloc enucleation of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer. J Endourol 29(11):1258–1262. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2015.0336

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  134. Zhang XR, Feng C, Zhu WD, Si JM, Gu BJ, Guo H, Song LJ, Li C (2015) Two micrometer continuous-wave thulium laser treating primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: Is it feasible? A randomized prospective study. Photomed Laser Surg 33(10):517–523. https://doi.org/10.1089/pho.2015.3913

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  135. Hashem A, Mosbah A, El-Tabey NA, Laymon M, Ibrahiem EH, Elhamid MA, Elshal AM (2021) Holmium laser en-bloc resection versus conventional transurethral resection of bladder tumors for treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a randomized clinical trial. Eur Urol Focus 7(5):1035–1043. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euf.2020.12.003

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  136. Fan J, Wu K, Zhang N, Yang T, Liu N, Jiang Y, Bai X, Wang X, He D (2021) Green-light laser en bloc resection versus conventional transurethral resection for initial non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Urol 28(8):855–860. https://doi.org/10.1111/iju.14592

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  137. Teoh JY, MacLennan S, Chan VW, Miki J, Lee HY, Chiong E, Lee LS, Wei Y, Yuan Y, Yu CP, Chow WK, Poon DM, Chan R, Lai F, Ng CF, Breda A, Kramer MW, Malavaud B, Mostafid H, Herrmann T, Babjuk M (2020) An international collaborative consensus statement on en bloc resection of bladder tumour incorporating two systematic reviews, a two-round delphi survey, and a consensus meeting. Eur Urol 78(4):546–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2020.04.059

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  138. Somani BK, Robertson A, Kata SG (2011) Decreasing the cost of flexible ureterorenoscopic procedures. Urology 78(3):528–530

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  139. Juliebø-Jones P, Somani BK, Gjengstø P et al (2023) Holmium and thulium fiber laser safety in endourological practice: What does the clinician need to know? Curr Urol Rep 24(9):409–415

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

None.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hospital CUF Descobertas, Lisbon, Portugal

    Peter Kronenberg

  2. University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, UK

    Clara Cerrato & Bhaskar K. Somani

  3. Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

    Patrick Juliebø-Jones

  4. Department of Urology, Kantonspital Frauenfeld, Spital Thurgau AG, Frauenfeld, Switzerland

    Thomas Herrmann

  5. Training and Research in Urological Surgery and Technology (T.R.U.S.T.)-Group, Hall in Tirol, Austria

    Thomas Herrmann & Theodoros Tokas

  6. Department of Urology, Medical School, University General Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece

    Theodoros Tokas

Authors
  1. Peter Kronenberg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Clara Cerrato
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Patrick Juliebø-Jones
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Thomas Herrmann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Theodoros Tokas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Bhaskar K. Somani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Study concept and design: TT, BKS; acquisition of data: PK, CC; analysis and interpretation: PK, CC, PJJ; drafting of the manuscript: PK, CC; critical revision of the manuscript: TT, BKS; obtaining funding: None; supervision: BKS.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bhaskar K. Somani.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

None.

Research involving human participants and/or animals

This review does not involve human participants and/or animals.

Informed consent

No patients were included in the study.

Ethical standards

None.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kronenberg, P., Cerrato, C., Juliebø-Jones, P. et al. Advances in lasers for the minimally invasive treatment of upper and lower urinary tract conditions: a systematic review. World J Urol 41, 3817–3827 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-023-04669-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-023-04669-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation