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Glossary of pre-settings given by laser companies: no consensus!

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Abstract

Introduction

Since the construction of the first laser, many companies around the world have contributed to the development of new lasers technologies. To be user-friendly, some companies have developed a pre-setting mode in their laser devices. We aimed to review and compare all laser companies’ pre-settings (PS) already established in the market.

Materials and methods

An online search of holmium:YAG (Ho:YAG) and thulium fiber laser (TFL) devices was carried out. Manual and PS mode, pulse width and pulse modulation technology data were collected. The PS parameters were collected directly from the brochure devices or by asking the companies consulting agents.

Results

Thirty-nine laser devices were analyzed (33 Ho:YAG and 6 TFL). The power range varies from 15 to 152 W and 35 W to 60 W for Ho:YAG and TFL, respectively. PS are present in 66% of Ho:YAG lasers and the 33% of TFL. Long-pulse modes can be modified in 12 Ho:YAG and 1 TFL lasers. The median (IQR) PS for dusting stones with Ho:YAG laser is 0.4 J (0.2–1), 21.5 Hz (5–120), and 10 W (1.5–28) for energy, frequency and power, respectively; for Ho:YAG fragmentation is 0.8 J (0.3–5), 10 (3–15) Hz and 5 (1.5–50) W for energy, frequency, and power, respectively; and for popcorn is 0.8 J (0.4–1.2), 10 Hz (6–15) and 5 W (4–18) for energy, frequency, and power, respectively. Dusting and fragmentation mode of Rocamed MH01 and EMS LaserClast 35 are programmed according to the stone type. Most of these settings do not depend on the size of the fiber being used nor the location and type of stone. For TFL, the pre-sets are divided in bladder stone, dusting, fine dusting, fragmentation, and ureteral stone.

Conclusion

There is a huge variability regarding pre-sets offered by companies because there is no consensus. Pre-sets should provide a range to work efficacy and safety.

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Acknowledgements

Prof. Olivier Traxer is a consultant for Coloplast, Rocamed, EMS, Boston Scientific and IPG.

Funding

This is an independent study and is not funded by any external body.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sorbonne University GRC Urolithiasis No. 20 Tenon Hospital, 75020, Paris, France

    Alba Sierra, Mariela Corrales, Adrià Piñero, Merkourios Kolvatzis & Olivier Traxer

  2. Department of Urology AP-HP, Tenon Hospital, Sorbonne University, 75020, Paris, France

    Alba Sierra, Mariela Corrales, Adrià Piñero, Merkourios Kolvatzis & Olivier Traxer

  3. University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust, Southampton, UK

    Bhaskar Somani

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  1. Alba Sierra
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  2. Mariela Corrales
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  4. Merkourios Kolvatzis
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  5. Bhaskar Somani
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  6. Olivier Traxer
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Contributions

AS: data collection and manuscript writing. MC: data analysis and manuscript writing. AP: data collection. MK: data management. BS: manuscript editing. OT: project development and manuscript editing.

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Correspondence to Olivier Traxer.

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Sierra, A., Corrales, M., Piñero, A. et al. Glossary of pre-settings given by laser companies: no consensus!. World J Urol 40, 2313–2321 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04090-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-022-04090-4

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