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An insight into microRNA biogenesis and its regulatory role in plant secondary metabolism

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Abstract

Key message

The present review highlights the regulatory roles of microRNAs in plant secondary metabolism and focuses on different bioengineering strategies to modulate secondary metabolite content in plants.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the class of small endogenous, essential, non-coding RNAs that riboregulate the gene expression involved in various biological processes in most eukaryotes. MiRNAs has emerged as important regulators in plants that function by silencing target genes through cleavage or translational inhibition. These miRNAs plays an important role in a wide range of plant biological and metabolic processes, including plant development and various environmental response controls. Several important plant secondary metabolites like alkaloids, terpenoids, and phenolics are well studied for their function in plant defense against different types of pests and herbivores. Due to the presence of a wide range of biological and pharmaceutical properties of plant secondary metabolites, it is important to study the regulation of their biosynthetic pathways. The contribution of miRNAs in regulating plant secondary metabolism is not well explored. Recent advancements in molecular techniques have improved our knowledge in understanding the molecular function of genes, proteins, enzymes, and small RNAs involved in different steps of secondary metabolic pathways. In the present review, we have discussed the recent progress made on miRNA biogenesis, its regulation, and highlighted the current research developed in the field of identification, analysis, and characterizations of various miRNAs that regulate plant secondary metabolism. We have also discussed how different bioengineering strategies such as artificial miRNA (amiRNA), endogenous target mimicry, and CRISPR/Cas9 could be utilized to enhance the secondary metabolite production in plants.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the Director, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India, for providing the necessary facilities. GSJ, NS, and S acknowledge UGC and CSIR for fellowship and AcSIR for registration. RKS acknowledges CSIR-CIMAP for funding.

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Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), P.O. CIMAP, Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow, 226015, India

    Gajendra Singh Jeena, Neeti Singh,  Shikha & Rakesh Kumar Shukla

  2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Neeti Singh,  Shikha & Rakesh Kumar Shukla

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  1. Gajendra Singh Jeena
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  2. Neeti Singh
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  3. Shikha
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  4. Rakesh Kumar Shukla
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Contributions

GSJ wrote the first draft of manuscript and compiled the figures. NS has contributed in writing regulation of miRNA biogenesis; S has contributed in writing sulfur-containing secondary metabolites. GJ, NS and RKS have revised the manuscript. RKS has conceptualized and supervised the theme. All authors finally read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Rakesh Kumar Shukla.

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Communicated by Wusheng Liu.

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Jeena, G.S., Singh, N., Shikha et al. An insight into microRNA biogenesis and its regulatory role in plant secondary metabolism. Plant Cell Rep 41, 1651–1671 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-022-02877-8

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