Abstract
The ability of zearalenone (ZEN) to stimulate the growth of haploid wheat embryos formed following the pollination of wheat spikes with maize pollen was tested. The maize pollination system was used as a model to compare the activity of ZEN with that of auxin analogues. Three solutions, each with a different concentration of ZEN (6.0, 3.0 or 1.5 μM), and a solution of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (control) were tested for their effect on ovary swelling, frequency of embryo formation and the ability to regenerate plants. In total, 3,105 florets of 282 spikes from five different cultivars of hexaploid winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were pollinated with maize (Zea mays L. cv. Gama) pollen and treated with the ZEN solutions. The highest concentration of ZEN (6.0 μM) was the most effective in inducing ovary swelling (84 swollen ovaries/100 pollinated florets) and increasing the frequency of embryo induction (18.9 embryos/100 pollinated florets), but these embryos were severely deformed. They had low capability to germinate in vitro, while callus was easily formed and indirect regeneration of plants was possible. The lowest ZEN concentration (1.5 μM) induced ovary swelling in 42.8/100 pollinated florets and embryo growth in 3.3 out of 100 pollinated florets. The embryos were regular in shape, and almost half of them germinated in vitro while callus induction from them failed. The concentration of 3 μM ZEN had an intermediate effect. The type of response of the various wheat genotypes was similar, while frequencies were different, with cv. Izolda being the most responsive. The results show that ZEN has some of the properties of an auxin analogue, while other effects of its action are unique. It can be used in the maize pollination system of doubled haploid production to replace auxin analogues when indirect regeneration of plants via callus tissue is planned.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Biesaga-Kościelniak J (1998) Investigation of the possibility of stimulating generative development of plants by exogenous zearalenone. Acta Physiol Plant 20 [Supp 5]
Biesaga-Kościelniak J, Marcińska I (1999) The effect of various substances on embryogenesis of wheat callus. Acta Biol Crac Bot 41:42
Biesaga-Kościelniak J, Marcińska I, Wędzony M (1998) Effect of replacement of 2,4-D by the zearalenone on the haploid embryos growth in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) after its pollination by maize (Zea mays L.). Acta Physiol Plant 20 [Supp16]
Kisana NS, Nkongolo KK, Quick JS, Johnson DL (1993) Production of doubled haploids by anther culture and wheat × maize method in a wheat breeding program. Plant Breed 110:96–102
Laurie DA, Bennett MD (1986) Wheat × maize hybridization. Can J Gen Cytol 28:313–316
Laurie DA, Bennett MD (1989) The timing of chromosome elimination in hexaploid wheat × maize crosses. Genome 32:953–961
Laurie DA, Bennett MD (1990) Early post-pollination events in hexaploid wheat × maize crosses. Sex Plant Reprod 3:70–76
Laurie DA, Reymondie S (1991) High frequencies of fertilization and haploid seedling production in crosses between commercial hexaploid wheat varieties and maize. Plant Breed 106:182–189
Matzk F, Mahn A (1994) Improved techniques for haploid production in wheat using chromosome elimination. Plant Breed 113:125–129
Meng FJ, Han YZ, Que YM, Wang H (1992) Zearalenone, a key substance controlling plant development. In: Advances in plant regulation. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 291–297
Muller R, Baier M, Kaiser WM (1991) Differential stimulation of PEP-carboxylation in guard cells and mesophyll cells by ammonium or fusicoccin. J Exp Bot 42:215–220
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol Plant 15:473–497
Newberne PM (1987) Interaction of nutrients and other factors with mycotoxins. In: Krough P (ed) Mycotoxin in food. Academic Press, London, p 177
O'Donoughue LS, Bennett MD (1994) Comparative responses of tetraploid wheats pollinated with Zea mays L. and Hordeum bulbosum L. Theor Appl Genet 87:673–680
Riera-Lizarazu O, Mujeeb-Kazi A, William MDHM (1992) Maize (Zea mays L.)-mediated polyhaploid production in some Triticeae using a detached tiller method. J Gen Breed 46:335–346
Singh N, Behl RK, Punia MS (2001) Production of double haploids via maize pollination in wheat. Cereal Res Commun 29:289–296
Stob M, Baldwin RS, Tuite J, Andrews FN, Gilletr KG (1962) Isolation of an anabolic uterotrophic compound from corn infected with Gibberella zeae. Nature 196:1318–1320
Suenaga K (1994) Doubled haploid system using the intergeneric crosses between wheat (Triticum aestivum) and maize (Zea mays). Bull Natl Inst Agrobiol Resour 9:83–139
Suenaga K, Nakajima K (1989) Efficient production of haploidal wheat (Triticum aestivum) trough crosses between Japanese wheat and maize (Zea mays). Plant Cell Rep 8:263–266
Wang H, Meng FJ (1990) Formation of endogenous zearalenone and it inhibition by malathion in winter wheat during vernalization. Acta Phytophysiol Sin 16:197–200
Wędzony M, Van Lammeren AAM (1996) Pollen tube growth and early embryogenesis in wheat × maize crosses influenced by 2,4-D. Ann Bot 77:639–649
Wędzony M, Marcińska I, Ponitka A, Ślusarkiewicz-Jarzina A, Woźna J (1998) Production of doubled haploids in triticale (Triticosecale Wittm.) by means of crosses with maize (Zea mays L.) using picloram and dicamba. Plant Breed 117:211–215
Zhuang JJ, Xu J (1983) Increasing differentiation frequencies in wheat pollen callus. In: Cell and tissue culture techniques for cereal crop improvement. Science Press, Beijing, p 421
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by K. Glimelius
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Biesaga-Kościelniak, J., Marcińska, I., Wędzony, M. et al. Effect of zearalenone treatment on the production of wheat haploids via the maize pollination system. Plant Cell Rep 21, 1035–1039 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-003-0622-9
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-003-0622-9