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Diversification of the Duplicated F3h Genes in Triticeae

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Abstract

The F3h gene encodes the flavonoid synthesis enzyme flavanone 3-hydroxylase. Unlike most plant genomes, the bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) B genome has two, rather than just one F3h copy. The paralogous F3h-B2 sequence was isolated by PCR and shown to be transcribed, but its predicted polypeptide differed from the typical F3H sequence at a number of the conserved residues associated with its putative substrate-binding sites. The F3h-B2 promoter region was highly divergent from that of F3h-B1, and the transcriptional profiles of the two genes were distinct. Among a panel of 95 Triticeae accessions, representing 24 species, an F3h-2 copy was only detected within those carrying a B, S, G, or an R genome. Analysis of the coding sequence divergence suggested that a small segmental duplication occurred early in the evolution of the Triticeae tribe. The duplicated F3h copy appears to have acquired a novel function in the progenitor of the closely related B, G, and S genomes, as well as in the R genome. In other Triticeae genomes, the F3h-2 paralog may have been lost following pseudogenization.

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Acknowledgments

This study was partially supported by RFBR (Grant No. 12-04-33027), RAS (Molecular Biology Program), and a grant from the President of the Russian Federation (MD-2615.2013.4). The authors thank Ms Galina Generalova for technical assistance and Dr Robert Koebner (www.smartenglish.co.uk) for linguistic advice and valuable comments during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

    E. K. Khlestkina, O. B. Dobrovolskaya, I. N. Leonova & E. A. Salina

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  1. E. K. Khlestkina
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  2. O. B. Dobrovolskaya
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  3. I. N. Leonova
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  4. E. A. Salina
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Correspondence to E. K. Khlestkina.

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Khlestkina, E.K., Dobrovolskaya, O.B., Leonova, I.N. et al. Diversification of the Duplicated F3h Genes in Triticeae. J Mol Evol 76, 261–266 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-013-9554-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-013-9554-3

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