Abstract
We continue to investigate the relationship between the infrared physics of \( \mathcal{N}=2 \) supersymmetric gauge theories in four dimensions and various integrable models such as Gaudin, Calogero-Moser and quantum spin chains. We prove interesting dualities among some of these integrable systems by performing different, albeit equivalent, quantizations of the Seiberg-Witten curve of the four dimensional theory. We also discuss conformal field theories related to \( \mathcal{N}=2 \) 4d gauge theories by the Alday-Gaiotto-Tachikawa (AGT) duality and the role of conformal blocks of those CFTs in the integrable systems. As a consequence, the equivalence of conformal blocks of rank two Toda and Novikov-Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZNW) theories on the torus with punctures is found.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
N. Seiberg and E. Witten, Electric-magnetic duality, monopole condensation and confinement in N = 2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, Nucl. Phys. B 426 (1994) 19 [Erratum ibid. B 430 (1994) 485] [hep-th/9407087] [INSPIRE].
N. Seiberg and E. Witten, Monopoles, duality and chiral symmetry breaking in N = 2 supersymmetric QCD, Nucl. Phys. B 431 (1994) 484 [hep-th/9408099] [INSPIRE].
A. Gorsky, I. Krichever, A. Marshakov, A. Mironov and A. Morozov, Integrability and Seiberg-Witten exact solution, Phys. Lett. B 355 (1995) 466 [hep-th/9505035] [INSPIRE].
R. Donagi and E. Witten, Supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and integrable systems, Nucl. Phys. B 460 (1996) 299 [hep-th/9510101] [INSPIRE].
N.J. Hitchin, The selfduality equations on a Riemann surface, Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. 55 (1987) 59 [INSPIRE].
N. Hitchin, Stable bundles and integrable systems, Duke Math. J. 54 (1987) 91.
E. Witten, Solutions of four-dimensional field theories via M-theory, Nucl. Phys. B 500 (1997) 3 [hep-th/9703166] [INSPIRE].
N.A. Nekrasov and V. Pestun, Seiberg-Witten geometry of four dimensional N = 2 quiver gauge theories, arXiv:1211.2240 [INSPIRE].
N.A. Nekrasov and S.L. Shatashvili, Quantization of integrable systems and four dimensional gauge theories, arXiv:0908.4052 [INSPIRE].
M. Adams, J. Harnad and J. Hurtubise, Dual moment maps into loop algebras, Lett. Math. Phys. 20 (1990) 299 [INSPIRE].
E. Mukhin, V. Tarasov and A. Varchenko, Bispectral and (gl N , gl M ) dualities, discrete versus differential, Adv. Math. 218 (2008) 216.
A. Mironov, A. Morozov, B. Runov, Y. Zenkevich and A. Zotov, Spectral duality between Heisenberg chain and Gaudin model, Lett. Math. Phys. 103 (2013) 299 [arXiv:1206.6349] [INSPIRE].
A. Mironov, A. Morozov, Y. Zenkevich and A. Zotov, Spectral duality in integrable systems from AGT conjecture, JETP Lett. 97 (2013) 45 [arXiv:1204.0913] [INSPIRE].
K. Bulycheva, H.-Y. Chen, A. Gorsky and P. Koroteev, BPS states in omega background and integrability, JHEP 10 (2012) 116 [arXiv:1207.0460] [INSPIRE].
A. Gadde, S. Gukov and P. Putrov, Walls, lines and spectral dualities in 3d gauge theories, arXiv:1302.0015 [INSPIRE].
N. Dorey, S. Lee and T.J. Hollowood, Quantization of integrable systems and a 2d/4d duality, JHEP 10 (2011) 077 [arXiv:1103.5726] [INSPIRE].
H.-Y. Chen, N. Dorey, T.J. Hollowood and S. Lee, A new 2d/4d duality via integrability, JHEP 09 (2011) 040 [arXiv:1104.3021] [INSPIRE].
N.A. Nekrasov, Seiberg-Witten prepotential from instanton counting, Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 7 (2004) 831 [hep-th/0206161] [INSPIRE].
R. Garnier, Sur une classe de systèmes différentiels abéliens déduits de la théorie des équations linéaires, Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo 43 (1919) 155.
H. Bethe, On the theory of metals. 1. Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for the linear atomic chain, Z. Phys. 71 (1931) 205 [INSPIRE].
M. Gaudin, Diagonalisation d’une classe d’hamiltoniens de spin, J. Phys. France 37 (1976) 1087.
A. Gorsky, S. Gukov and A. Mironov, Multiscale N = 2 SUSY field theories, integrable systems and their stringy/brane origin. 1, Nucl. Phys. B 517 (1998) 409 [hep-th/9707120] [INSPIRE].
A. Gorsky, S. Gukov and A. Mironov, SUSY field theories, integrable systems and their stringy/brane origin. 2, Nucl. Phys. B 518 (1998) 689 [hep-th/9710239] [INSPIRE].
D. Gaiotto and P. Koroteev, On three dimensional quiver gauge theories and integrability, JHEP 05 (2013) 126 [arXiv:1304.0779] [INSPIRE].
A. Hanany and E. Witten, Type IIB superstrings, BPS monopoles and three-dimensional gauge dynamics, Nucl. Phys. B 492 (1997) 152 [hep-th/9611230] [INSPIRE].
M. Shifman and A. Yung, Supersymmetric solitons and how they help us understand non-abelian gauge theories, Rev. Mod. Phys. 79 (2007) 1139 [hep-th/0703267] [INSPIRE].
L.F. Alday, D. Gaiotto and Y. Tachikawa, Liouville correlation functions from four-dimensional gauge theories, Lett. Math. Phys. 91 (2010) 167 [arXiv:0906.3219] [INSPIRE].
F. Calogero, Solution of the one-dimensional N body problems with quadratic and/or inversely quadratic pair potentials, J. Math. Phys. 12 (1971) 419 [INSPIRE].
J. Moser, Three integrable Hamiltonian systems connnected with isospectral deformations, Adv. Math. 16 (1975) 197 [INSPIRE].
B. Sutherland, Exact results for a quantum many body problem in one-dimension. 2, Phys. Rev. A 5 (1972) 1372 [INSPIRE].
S. Ribault and J. Teschner, \( H_3^{+} \)-WZNW correlators from Liouville theory, JHEP 06 (2005) 014 [hep-th/0502048] [INSPIRE].
S. Ribault, On sl3 Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations and W 3 null-vector equations, JHEP 10 (2009) 002 [arXiv:0811.4587] [INSPIRE].
Y. Hikida and V. Schomerus, \( H_3^{+} \) WZNW model from Liouville field theory, JHEP 10 (2007) 064 [arXiv:0706.1030] [INSPIRE].
D. Gaiotto, G.W. Moore and A. Neitzke, Wall-crossing, Hitchin systems and the WKB approximation, arXiv:0907.3987 [INSPIRE].
L.F. Alday, D. Gaiotto, S. Gukov, Y. Tachikawa and H. Verlinde, Loop and surface operators in N = 2 gauge theory and Liouville modular geometry, JHEP 01 (2010) 113 [arXiv:0909.0945] [INSPIRE].
E. Witten, Phases of N = 2 theories in two-dimensions, Nucl. Phys. B 403 (1993) 159 [hep-th/9301042] [INSPIRE].
D. Talalaev, Quantization of the Gaudin system, hep-th/0404153 [INSPIRE].
J. Gomis and B. Le Floch, work in progress.
V.S. Dotsenko and V.A. Fateev, Conformal algebra and multipoint correlation functions in 2D statistical models, Nucl. Phys. B 240 (1984) 312.
G. Felder, BRST approach to minimal methods, Nucl. Phys. B 317 (1989) 215 [Erratum ibid. B 324 (1989) 548] [INSPIRE].
D. Gaiotto and E. Witten, Knot invariants from four-dimensional gauge theory, Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 16 (2012) 935 [arXiv:1106.4789] [INSPIRE].
E. Mukhin and A. Varchenko, Quasi-polynomials and the Bethe ansatz, Geom. Topol. Monogr. 13 (2008) 385 [math.QA/0604048].
L.F. Alday and Y. Tachikawa, Affine SL(2) conformal blocks from 4d gauge theories, Lett. Math. Phys. 94 (2010) 87 [arXiv:1005.4469] [INSPIRE].
N. Wyllard, A N −1 conformal Toda field theory correlation functions from conformal N = 2 SU(N quiver gauge theories, JHEP 11 (2009) 002 [arXiv:0907.2189] [INSPIRE].
C. Kozcaz, S. Pasquetti and N. Wyllard, A & B model approaches to surface operators and Toda theories, JHEP 08 (2010) 042 [arXiv:1004.2025] [INSPIRE].
C. Kozcaz, S. Pasquetti, F. Passerini and N. Wyllard, Affine sl(N) conformal blocks from N = 2 SU(N) gauge theories, JHEP 01 (2011) 045 [arXiv:1008.1412] [INSPIRE].
Y. Hikida and V. Schomerus, \( H_3^{+} \) WZNW model from Liouville field theory, JHEP 10 (2007) 064 [arXiv:0706.1030] [INSPIRE].
D. Bernard, On the Wess-Zumino-Witten models on the torus, Nucl. Phys. B 303 (1988) 77 [INSPIRE].
K. Maruyoshi and M. Taki, Deformed prepotential, quantum integrable system and Liouville field theory, Nucl. Phys. B 841 (2010) 388 [arXiv:1006.4505] [INSPIRE].
A. Gorsky and N. Nekrasov, Relativistic Calogero-Moser model as gauged WZW theory, Nucl. Phys. B 436 (1995) 582 [hep-th/9401017] [INSPIRE].
H.-Y. Chen, T.J. Hollowood and P. Zhao, A 5d/3d duality from relativistic integrable system, JHEP 07 (2012) 139 [arXiv:1205.4230] [INSPIRE].
N. Reshetikhin, The Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov system as a deformation of the isomonodromy problem, Lett. Math. Phys. 26 (1992) 167.
T. Eguchi and H. Ooguri, Conformal and current algebras on general Riemann surface, Nucl. Phys. B 282 (1987) 308 [INSPIRE].
G. Felder and C. Weiczerkowski, Conformal blocks on elliptic curves and the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov-Bernard equations, Commun. Math. Phys. 176 (1996) 133 [hep-th/9411004] [INSPIRE].
G. Felder and A. Varchenko, Integral representation of solutions of the elliptic Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov-Bernard equations, hep-th/9502165 [INSPIRE].
V. Fateev and A. Litvinov, Correlation functions in conformal Toda field theory. I, JHEP 11 (2007) 002 [arXiv:0709.3806] [INSPIRE].
P. Bouwknegt and K. Schoutens, W symmetry in conformal field theory, Phys. Rept. 223 (1993) 183 [hep-th/9210010] [INSPIRE].
E. D’Hoker and D. Phong, Spectral curves for super Yang-Mills with adjoint hypermultiplet for general Lie algebras, Nucl. Phys. B 534 (1998) 697 [hep-th/9804126] [INSPIRE].
D. Orlando and S. Reffert, Twisted masses and enhanced symmetries: the A&D series, JHEP 02 (2012) 060 [arXiv:1111.4811] [INSPIRE].
N. Nekrasov and V. Pestun, work in progress.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
ArXiv ePrint: 1305.5614
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, HY., Hsin, PS. & Koroteev, P. On the integrability of four dimensional \( \mathcal{N}=2 \) gauge theories in the omega background. J. High Energ. Phys. 2013, 76 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2013)076
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2013)076