Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Bromodeoxyuridine: a diagnostic tool in biology and medicine, Part III. Proliferation in normal, injured and diseased tissue, growth factors, differentiation, DNA replication sites andin situ hybridization

  • Review
  • Published:
The Histochemical Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

This paper is a continuation of parts I (history, methods and cell kinetics) and II (clinical applications and carcinogenesis) published previously (Dolbeare, 1995Histochem. J. 27, 339, 923). Incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) into DNA is used to measure proliferation in normal, diseased and injured tissue and to follow the effect of growth factors. Immunochemical detection of BrdUrd can be used to determine proliferative characteristics of differentiating tissues and to obtain birth dates for actual differentiation events. Studies are also described in which BrdUrd is used follow the order of DNA replication in specific chromasomes, DNA replication sites in the nucleus and to monitor DNA repair. BrdUrd incorporation has been used as a tool forin situ hybridization experiments.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aarnaes, E., Kirkhus, B. &Clausen, O. P. (1990) Mathematical model analysis of mouse epidermal cell kinetics measured by bivariate DNA/anti-bromodeoxyuridine flow cytometry and continous [3H]-thymidine labelling.Cell Tissue Kinet. 23, 409–24.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Aarnaes, E., Clausen, O. P., Kirkhus, B., De Angelis, P. (1993) Heterogeneity in the mouse epidermal cell cycle analysed by computer simulations.Cell Prolif. 26, 205–19.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Abe, Y., Takahashi, J., Fukuda, H. &Yoshida, K. (1992) Cell kinetic study of murine jejunal crypts during multiple doses per day.Tohoku J. Exp. Med. 168, 311–15.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Achary, P. M., Jajumbar, K., Duttagupta, A. &Mukerjee, A. S. (1981) Replication of DNA in larval salivary glands ofDrosophila after in vivo synchronization.Chromasoma 82, 505–14.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ackemann, M. F., Lamm, K. R., Wiegand, G. W. &Luster, M. I. (1989) Antitumour activity of murine neutrophils demonstrated by cyyometric analysis.Cancer Res. 49, 528–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adriaansen, H. J., Osman, C., Van Dongen, J. J. M., Wijdenes-De Bresser, J. H. F. M., Kappetijn, Van Tilborg C. M. J. M. &Hooijkaas, H. (1990) Immunological marker analysis of mitogen-induced proliferating lymphocytes using BrdU incorporation or screening of metaphases. Staphylococcal protein A is a potent mitogen for CD4+lymphocytes.Scand. J. Immunol. 32, 687–94.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Aghamohammadi, S. Z. &Savage, J. R. (1990) BrdU pulse/reverse staining protocols for investigating chromasome replication.Chromosoma 99, 76–82.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmed, F. E. (1980) The combined action of chemical carcinogens on DNA repair in human cells.Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 18, 57–64.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmed, F. E. &Setlow, R. B. (1978) Excision repair in ataxia telangiectasia, Fanconi's anemia, Cockayne syndrome, and Bloom's syndrome after treatment with ultraviolet radiation andN-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 521, 805–17.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Akiya, O., Sfrizawa, N., Sughara, M., Katagiri, S. &Kawashima, Y. (1992) A histological study of changes in the lingual papillae of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Bull. Tokyo Dent. Coll. 33, 13–24.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Ghoul, W. M. &Miller, M. W. (1993) Orderly migration of neurons to the principal sensory nucleus of the trigeminal nerve of the rat.J. Comp. Neurol. 330, 464–75.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Allison, L., Arndt-Jovin, D. J., Gratzner, H., Ternynck, T. &Robert-Nicoud, M. (1985) Mapping of the pattern of DNA replication in polytene chromosome fromChironomus thummi using monoclonal anti-bromodeoxyuridine antibodies.Cytometry 6, 584–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Almazan, G. &Mckay, R. (1992) An oligodendrocyte precursor cell line on rat optic nerve.Brain Res. 579, 234–45.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arcos-Terán, L (1972) Replikation und die Natur der spät replizierenden Orte im X-Chromosom vonDrosophila melanogaster.Chromosoma 37, 233–96.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arimura, A. (1991) [S phase cells of regenerative epithelium in the healing process of gastric ulcer determined by an in vitro BrdU-anti BrdU method].Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 88, 664–71.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arola, J., Heikkila, P. &Kahri, A. I. (1993) Biphasic effect of ACTH on growth of rat adrenocortical cells in primary culture.Cell Tissue Res. 271, 169–76.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Atkin, S. L., Landolt, A. M., Jeffreys, R. V., Hipkin, L., Radcliffe, J., Squire, C. R. &White, M. C. (1993) Differential effects of insulin-like growth factor 1 on the hormonal product and proliferation of glycoprotein-secreting human pituitary adenomas.J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 77, 1059–66.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Avossa, D. &Pfeiffer, S. E. (1993) Transient reversion of O4+GalC-oligodendrocyte progenitor development in response to the phorbol ester TPA.J. Neurosci. Res. 34, 113–28.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bachem, M. G., Riess, U. &Gressner, A. M. (1989) Liver fat storing cell proliferation is stimulated by epidermal growth factor/transforming growth factor alpha and inhibited by transforming growth factor beta.Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 162, 708–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baeza-squiban, A., Romet, S., Moreau, A. &Marano, F. (1991) Progress in outgrowth culture from rabbit tracheal explants: balance between proliferation and maintenance of differentiated state in epithelial cells.In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. 27A, 453–60.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Balazs, M., Mayall, B. H. &Waldman, F. M. (1991) Interphase cytogenetics of a male breast cancer.Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 55, 243–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baptista, C. A., Gershon, T. R. &Macagno, E. R. (1990) Peripheral organs control central neurogenesis in the leech.Nature 346, 855–7

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baron, C. &Penit, C. (1990) Study of the thymocyte cell cycle by bivariate analysis of incorporated bromodeoxyuridine and DNA content.Eur. J. Immunol. 20, 1231–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baumann, P. H., Schormann, T. &Jovin, T. M. (1992) Three-dimensional component labelling of digital confocal microscope images enumerates replication centers in BrdUrd labeled fibroblasts.Cytometry 13, 220–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beisker, W. &Hittelman, W. N. (1988) Measurement of the kinetics of DNA repair synthesis after UV irradiation using immunochemical staining of incorporated 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine and flow cytometry.Exp. Cell Res. 174, 156–67.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berges, R. R., Furuya, Y., Remington, L., English, H. F., Jacks, T. &Isaacs, J. T. (1993) Cell proliferation, DNA repair, and p53 function are not required for programmed death of prostatic glandular cells induced by androgen ablation.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 8910–14.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bernardini, S., Cannata, S. M. &Filoni, S. (1992) Spinal cord and ganglia regeneration in larvalXenopus laevis following unilateral ablation.J. Hirnforsch 33, 241–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berry, M. &Eayrs, J. T. (1963) Histogenesis of the cerebral cortex.Nature 197, 984–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bessereau, J. L., Fontaine, B. &Changeux, J. P. (1990) Denervation of mouse skeletal muscle differentially affects the expression of the jun and fos proto-oncogenes.New Biol. 2, 375–83.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Betancourt, M., Ortiz, R. &Gonzalez, C. (1992) Proliferation index in bone marrow cells from severely malnourished rats during lactation.Mutat. Res. 283, 173–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Biasco, G., Paganelli, G. M., Miglioli, M. &Barbara, L. (1992) Cell proliferation biomarkers in the gastrointestinal tract.J. Cell Biochem. (suppl.) 16G, 73–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Biffo, S., Verdun Di Cantogno L. &Fasolo, A. (1992) Double labeling with non-isotopic in situ hybridization and BrdU immunohistochemistry: calmodulin (CaM) mRNA expression in post-mitotic neurons of the olfactory system.J. Histochem. Cytochem 40, 535–40.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bode, H. R., Gee, L. W. &Chow, M. A. (1990) Neuron differentiation in hydra involves dividing intermediates.Dev. Biol. 139, 231–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boehme, S. A. &Lenardo, M. J. (1993) Propriocidal apoptosis of mature T lymphocytes occurs at S phase of the cell cycle.Eur. J. Immunol. 23, 1552–60.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bourrat, F. &Sotelo, C. (1991) Relationships between neuronal birthdates and cytoarchitecture in the rat inferior olivary complex.J. Comp. Neurol. 313, 509–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Braisted, J. E. &Raymond, P. A. (1992) Regeheration of dopaminergic neurons in goldfish retina.Development,114, 913–19.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brandriff, B. F. &Gordon, L. A. (1989) Analysis of the first cell cycle in the cross between hamster eggs and human sperm.Gamete Res. 23, 299–308.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, D. B. &Stanfield, B. B. (1989) The use of bromodeoxyuridine-immunohistochemistry to identify transplanted fetal brain tissue.J. Neural Transplant 1, 135–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, E. H. &Schildkeraut, C. L. (1979) Perturbation of growth and differentiation of Friend murine erythroleukemia cells by 5-bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in early Sphase.J. Cell. Physiol. 99, 261–77.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burr, A. W., Carpenter, M. R., Hines, J. E., Gullick, W. J. &Burt, A. D. (1993) Intrahepatic distribution of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha) during liver regeneration following carbon tetrachloride-induced necrosis.J. Pathol. 170, 95–100.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bussolati, O., Uggeri, J., Rotoli, B. M., Franchi-Gazzola, R. &Gazzola, G. C. (1993) The relationship between sodiumdependent transport of anionic amino acids and cell proliferation.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1151, 153–60.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Butler, R. N., Lawson, M. J., Goland, G. J., Jarrett, I. G. &Roberts-Thomson, I. C. (1988) Proliferative activity in the proximal and distal colon of the rat after fasting and refeeding.Immunol. Cell Biol. 66, 193–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Calza, R. E., Eckhardt, L. A., Delgiudice, T. &Schildkraut, C. L. (1984) Changes in gene position are accompanied by a change in time of replication.Cell 36, 689–96.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Camrgo, M. &Cervenka, J. (1982) Patterns of DNA replication of human chromasomes. II. Replication map and replication model.Am. J. Hum. Genet. 34, 757–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campisi, J., Gray, H. E., Pardee, A. B., Dean, M. &Sonenshein, G. E. (1984) Cell-cycle control ofc-myc but notc-ras expression is lost following chemical transformation.Cell 36, 241–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carbajo, S., Gonzalez Del Pozo F. &Carbajo-Perez, E. (1992a) Quantification of the cellular proliferation on freshly dispersed cells from rat anterior pituitaries afterin vivo andin vitro labelling with bromodeoxyuridine.Histochem. J. 24, 137–43.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carbajo, S., Hernandez, J. L. &Carbajo-Perez, E. (1992b) Proliferative activity of cells of the intermediate lobe of the rat pituitary during the postnatal period.Tissue Cell 24, 829–34.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carbajo-Perez, E. &Watanabe, Y. G. (1990) Cellular proliferation in the anterior pituitary of the rat during the postnatal period.Cell Tissue Res. 261, 333–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carbajo-Perez, E., Motegi, M. &Watanabe, Y. G. (1989) Cell proliferation in the anterior pituitary of mice during growth.Biomed. Res. 10, 275–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carty, M. P., Hauser, J., Levine, A. S. &Dixon, K. (1993) Replication and mutagenesis of UV-damaged DNA templates in human and monkey cell extracts.Mol. Cell. Biol. 13, 533–542.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Casas, F. C. &Jefferies, A. R. (1992a) Estimation of S phase duration in goat epidermis by an in vivo intradermal double labelling technique using bromodeoxyuridine and tritiated thymidine.Res. Vet. Sci. 52, 5–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Casas, F. C. &Jefferies, A. R. (1992b) Comparison of intradermal injections of bromodeoxyuridine and tritiated thymidine in the in vivo measurement of epidermal cell turnover time in goats.Res. Vet. Sci. 52, 10–14.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Casasco, A., Calligaro, A., Casasco, E., Marchetti, C., Poggi, P. &Casasco, M. (1988) An immunocytochemical method for studying embryo cytokinetics.Basic Appl. Histochem. 32, 293–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Casasco, A., Calligaro, A., Marchetti, C., Poggi, P., Brugnatelli, S., Danova, M. &Fiocca, R. (1989a) Immunocytochemical detection of proliferating cells in the rat tooth germ by monoclonal antibodies against 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine.Arch. Oral Biol. 34, 65–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Casasco, A., Calligaro, A., Marchetti, C., Poggi, P., Casasco, M. &Menghini, P. (1989b) [Immunocytochemical study of the development of the oral cavity in the rat]Bull. Group Int. Rech. Sci. Stomatol. Odontol. 32, 13–17.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Casasco, A., Calligaro, A. &Casasco, M. (1992) Proliferative and functional stages of rat ameloblast differentiation as revealed by combined immunocytochemistry against enamel matrix proteins and bromodeoxyuridine.Cell Tissue Res. 270, 415–23.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Casasco, A., Giordano, M. Danova, M., Casasco, M., Icaro Cornaglia A. &Calligaro, A. (1993) PC10 monoclonal antibody to proliferating cell nuclear antigen as probe for cycling cell detection in developing tissues. A combined immunocytochemical and flow cytometric study.Histochemistry 99, 191–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cave, M. D. (1968) Chromosome replication and synthesis of non-histone proteins in giant polytene chromosomes.Chromosoma 25, 392–401.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cawood, A. H. &Savage, J. R. (1985) Uniterrupted DNA synthesis during S-phase in untrasformed diploid hamster fibroblasts.Chromasoma 91, 164–6.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chamuleau, R. A., Aronsn, D. C., Frederiks, W. M., Bosman, D. K., Smit, J. J., Maas, M. A. &Jansen, P. L. (1991) Liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats with defective bilirubin conjugation or biliary excretion.Dig. Dis. Sci. 36, 510–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chan, E. Y. &Maclennan, I. C. (1993) Only a small proportion of splenic B cells in adults are short-lived virgin cells.Eur. J. Immunol. 23, 357–63.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chan, S. H., Cosgrove, D., Waltzinger, C., Benoist, C. &Maths, D. (1993) Another view of the selective model of thymocyte selection.Cell 73, 225–36.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chapkin, R. S., Gao, J., Lee, Y. &Lupton, J. R. (1993) Dietary fibers and fats alter rat colon protein kinase C activity: correlation to cell probliferation.J. Nutr. 123, 649–55.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Y. &Rabinovitch, P. S. (1989) Platelet-derived growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor I regulate specific cell-cycle parameters of human diploid fibroblasts in serum-free culture.J. Cell Physiol. 140, 59–67.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chono, Y. (1993) [Overgrowth and DNA synthesis of neuroepithelium in embryonic stages of induced Long-Evans rat meyeloschisis].Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi 68, 8–17.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Christov, K., Chew, K. L., Ljung, B. M., Waldman, F. M. Duarte, L. A., Goodson, W. H., Smith, H. S. &Mayall, B. H. (1991) Proliferation of normal breast epithelial cells as shown by in vivo labelling with bromodeoxyuridine.Am. J. Pathol. 138, 1371–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Christov, K., Swanson, S. M., Guzman, R. C., Thordarson, G., Jin, E., Talamantes, F. &Nandi, S. (1993) Kinetics of mammary epithelial cell proliferation in pituitary isografted BALB/c mice.Carcinogenesis 14, 2019–25.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ciacci, C., Lind, S. E. &Podolsky, D. K. (1993) Transforming growth factor beta regulation of migration in wounded rat intestinal epithelial monolayers.Gastroenterology 105, 93–101.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clausen, O. P., Berg, K. A., Kirkhus, B., De Angelis, P. &Huitfeldt, H. (1992) BrdUrd incorporation studies for evaluation of spermatogenesis in the blue fox.Cytometry 13, 374–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clermont, Y. (1972) Kinetics of spermatogenesis in mammals. Seminiferous epithelium cycle and spermatogonial renewal.Physiol. Rev. 52, 198–232.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Closset, J., Dombrowicz, D., Vandenbroeck, M. &Hennen, G. (1991) Effects of bovine, human and rat growth hormones on immature hypophysectomized rat testis.Growth Regul. 1, 29–37.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clowry, G. J. &Vrbova, G. (1992) Observations on the development of transplanted embryonic ventral horn neurones grafted into adult rat spinal cord and connected to skele muscle implants via a peripheral nerve.Exp. Brain Res. 91, 249–58.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cohn, S. M. &Lieberman, M. W. (1984) The use of antibodies to 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine for the isolation of DNA sequences containing excision-repair sites.J. Biol. Chem. 259, 12456–62.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cormack, D. H. (1984).Introduction to Histology. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corotto, F. S., Henegar, J. A. &Maruniak, J. A. (1993) Neurogenesis persists in the subependymal layer of the adult mouse brain.Neurosci. Lett. 149, 111–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Couldwell, W. T., Fraser G., De Vellis, G., Antel, J. P., Villemure, J. G. &Yong, V. W. (1992) Malignant glioma-derived soluble factors regulate proliferation of normal adult human astrocytes.J. Neuropathol Exp. Neurol. 51, 506–13.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Couturier, J. &Dutrillaux, B. (1981) Conservation of replication chronology of homologous chromosome bands between four species of the genus Cebus and man.Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 29, 233–40.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Couturier, J., Dutrillaux, B., Garber P., Raoul, O., Croquette, M., Fourlinnie, J. C. &Maillard, E. (1979). Evidence for correlation between late replication and autosomal gene inactivation in a familial translocation.Hum. Genet. 49, 319–26.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Crathorn, A. R. &Roberts, J. J. (1966) Mechanisms of the cytotoxic action of alkylating agents in mammalian cells and evidence for the removal of alkylated groups from deoxyribonucleic acid.Nature 211, 150–2.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Crippen, T. L. &Jones, I. M. (1989) Cell proliferation in the bone marrow, thymus and spleen of mice studied by continuous, in vivo bromodeoxyuridine labelling and flow cytometric analysis.Cell Tissue Kinet. 22, 203–12.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Czernielewski, J. M. &Demarchez, M. (1990) Further evidence for the self-reproducing capacity of Langerhans cells in human skin.J. Invest. Dematol. 88, 17–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Danova, M., Lucotti, C., Rosti, V., Bergamaschi, G., Riccardi, A. &Cassola, M. (1993) In vivo growth characteristics of human CD34+ bone marrow cells after chemotherapy plus GM- or G-CSF.Blood 82 (suppl.) 497.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darmon, E., Pincu-Hornstein, A. &Rozen, P. (1990) A rapid and simplein vitro method for evaluating human colorectal epithelial proliferation.Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 114, 855–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Darrow, J. M. &Clever, U. (1970) Chromosome activity and cell function in polytene cells. III. Growth and replication.Dev. Biol. 21, 331–48.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, P. M., Campbell, I. L., Oxbrow, L., Hutson, J. M. &Harrison, L. C. (1989) Pancreatic beta cell proliferation in rabbits demonstrated by bromodeoxyuridine labelling.Pancreas 4, 594–600.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dean, P. N., Dolbeare, F., Gratzner, H., Rice, G. C. &Gray, J. W. (1984) Cell-cycle analysis using a monoclonal antibody to BrdUrd.Cell Tissue Kinet 17, 427–36.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Deenen, G. J. &Kroese, F. G. (1993) Kinetics of B cell subpopulations in peripheral lymphoid tissues: evidence for the presence of phenotypically distinct short-lived and longlived B cell subsets.Int. Immunol. 5, 735–41.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Fraissinette A., Staquet, M. J., Dezutter-Dambuyant, C., Schmitt, D. &Thivolet, J. (1988) Langerhans cells in S-phase in normal skin detected by simultaneous analysis of cell surface antigen and BrdU incorporation.J. Invest. Dermatol. 91, 603–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Greef, G. E., Van Staalduinen, G. J., Van Doorninck, H., Van Tol, M. J. &Hijmans, W. (1992) Age-related changes of the antigen-specific antibody formation in vitro and PHA-induced T-cell proliferation in individuals who met the health criteria of the Senieur protocol.Mech. Ageing Dev. 66, 1–14.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Del Rio, J. A. &Soriano, E. (1989) Immunocytochemical detection of 5′-bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in the central nervous system of the mouse.Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 49, 311–17.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Desbiens, X., Turque, N. &Vandebunder, B. (1992) Hydrocortisone perturbs the cell proliferation pattern during feather morphogenesis: evidence for disturbance of cephalocaudal orientation.Int. J. Dev. Biol. 36, 373–80.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Vroede, M. A., In't Veld, P. A. &Pipeleers, D. G. (1990) Deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in cultured adult rat pancreatic B cells.Endocrinology 127, 1510–16.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Di Lorenzo, T. P. &Steinberg, B. M. (1990) Laryngeal keratinocytes show variable inhibition of replication by TGF-beta.J. Cell Sci. 96, 115–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dirks, R. W., Van de Rijke, F. M., Fujishita, S., Van Der Ploeg, M. &Raap, A. K. (1993) Methodologies for specific intron and exon RNA localization in cultured cells by haptenized and fluorochromized probes.J. Cell Sci. 104, 1187–97.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Doggett, N. A., Cordeiro-Stone, M., Chae, C. B. &Kaufman, D. G. (1988) Timing of proto-oncogene replication: a possible determination of early S phase sensitivity of C3H 10T1/2 cells to transformation by chemical carcinogens.Mol. Carcinogen.1, 41–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dolbeare, F. (1995a) Bromodeoxyuridine: a diagnostic tool in biology and medicine. Part I: Historical perspectives, histochemical methods and cell kinetics.Histochem. J 27, 339–69.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dolbeare, F. (1995b) Bromodeoxyuridine: a diagnostic tool in biology and medicine. Part II: Oncology, chemotherapy and carcinogenesis.Histochem. J 27, 923–64.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dolbeare, F., Gratzner, H., Pallavicini, M. G. &Gray, J. W. (1983) Flow cytometric measurement of total DNA content and incorporated bromodeoxyuridine.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80, 5573–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dolbeare, F., Selden, J. R. &Lacombe, F. (1993) Non kinetic applications of the bromodeoxyuridine immunochemical technique inDNA Cytometric Analysis (edited bySampedro, A. &Orfao, A.) pp. 195–218. Oviedo: Oviedo University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dübel, S. &Schaller, H. C. (1990) Terminal differentiation of ectodermal epithelial stem cells ofHydra can occur in G2 without requiring mitosis or S phase.J. Cell Biol. 110, 939–45.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Duschl, A., Jahn, U., Bertling, C. &Sebald, W. (1992) A comparison of assays for the response of primary human T-cells upon stimulation with interleukin-2, interleukin-4 and interleukin-7.Eur. Cytokine Network 3, 97–102.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dutrillaux, B. (1979) Very large analogy of chromosome banding betweenCebus capucinus (Platyrrhini) and man.Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 24, 84–94.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dutrillaux, B. &Viegas-Pequignot, E. (1981) High resolution R- and G-banding on the same preparation.Hum. Genet. 57, 93–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dutrillaux, B., Couturier, J., Richer, C. L. &Viegas-Pequignot, E. (1976) Sequence of replication in 277 R- and Q-bands of human chromosomes using a BrdU treatment.Chromosoma 58, 51–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Edenberg, H. &Huberman, J. A. (1975) Eucaryotic chromosome replication.Ann. Rev. Genet. 9, 245–84.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, C. A., Wilson, R. G., Hanlon, L. &Eastwood, M. A. (1992) Effect of the dietary fibre content of lifelong diet on colonic cellular proliferation in the rat.Gut 33, 1076–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Egawa, K., Yoshimura, K., Kageshita, T. &Ono, T. (1988) [Cell kinetics in human anagen hair and hair follicles studied with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody].Nippon Hifuka Gakkai Zasshi 98, 61–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Elkind, M. M. &Kamper, C. (1970) Two forms of repair of DNA in mammalian cells following irradiation.Biophys. J. 10, 237–42.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Erickson-Miller, C. L., Brennan, J. K. &Abboud, C. N. (1990) Examination of survival, proliferation and cell surface antigen expression of human monocytes exposed to macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF).Int. J. Cell Cloning 8, 346–56.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ettensohn, C. A. &Ruffins, S. W. (1993) Mesodermal cell interactions in the sea urchin embryo: properties of skeletogenic secondary mesenchyme cells.Development 117, 1275–85.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ezine, S., Lucas, B., Vicari, A., Dautigny, N., Vasseur, F. &Penit, C. (1993) A novel CD45RA+CD4+ transient thymic subpopulation in MRL-lpr/lpr mice: its relation to nonproliferating CD4-CD8-CD45RA+ tumour cells.Int. Immunol. 5, 89–96.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farmer, K. C. &Phillips, R. K. (1993) Colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis lowers rectal mucosal cell proliferation in familial adenomatous polyposis.Dis. Colon Rectum 36, 167–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farnum, C. E. &Wilsman, N. J. (1993) Determination of proliferative characteristics of growth plate chondrocytes by labelling with bromodeoxyuridine.Calcif. Tissue Int. 52, 110–19.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farquharson, C., Hesketh, J. E. &Loveridge, N. (1992a) The proto-oncogene c-myc is involved in cell differentiation as well as cell proliferation: studies on growth plate chondrocytes in situ.J. Cell. Physiol. 152, 135–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farquharson, C., Whitehead, C., Rennie, S., Thorp, B. &Loveridge, N. (1992b) Cell proliferation and enzyme activities associated with the development of avian tibial dyschondroplasia: an in situ biochemical study.Bone 13, 59–67.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farquharson, C., Whitehead, C. C., Rennie, J. S. &Loveridge, N. (1993) In vivo effect of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol on the proliferation and differentiation of avian chondrocytes.J. Bone Miner. Res. 8, 1081–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fedtsova, N. G. (1991) [The possibility of lens formation in explants of the retina and pigment epithelium of the eye in chick embryos]Ontogenez 22, 237–44.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Forster, I. &Rajewsky, K. (1990) The bulk of the peripheral B-cell pool in mice is stable and not rapidly renewed from the bone marrow.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 4781–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Forster, I., Vieira, P. &Rajewsky, K. (1989) Flow cytometric analysis of cell proliferation dynamics in the B cell compartment of the mouse.Int. Immunol. 1, 321–31.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fox, M. H., Arndt-Jovin, D. J., Jovin, T. M., Baumann, P. H. &Robert-Nicoud, M. (1991) Spatial and temporal distribution of DNA replication sites localized by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy in mouse fibroblasts.J. Cell Sci. 99, 247–53.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frank, J. L., Lawrence, W. J. R., Banks, W. L. Jr., McKinnon, J. G., Chan, W. M. &Collins, J. M. (1992) Modulation of cell cycle kinetics in human cancer with total parenteral nutrition.Cancer 69, 1858–64.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frederiks, W. M., Marx, F., Chamuleau, R. A., Van Noorden, C. J. &James, J. (1990) Immunocytochemical determination of ploidy class-dependent bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in rat liver parenchymal cells after partial hepatectomy.Histochemistry 93, 627–30

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fritz, F. J., Pabst, R. &Binns, R. M. (1990) Lymphocyte subsets and their proliferation in a model for a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in the skin.Immunology 71, 508–16.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frommer, M., Paul, C. &Vincent, P. C. (1988) localization of satellite DNA sequences on human metaphase chromosomes using bromodeoxyuridine-labelled probes.Chromosoma 97, 11–18.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fujieda, M., Murata, Y., Hayashi, H., Kambe, F., Matsui, N. &Seo, H. (1993) Effect of thyroid hormone on epidermal growth factor gene expression in mouse submandibular gland.Endocrinology 132, 121–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fujita, T., Yoshimine, T., Hayakawa, T., Ushio, Y., Takemoto, O., Maruno, M., Kano, M. &Mogami, H. (1988) [Postnatal cell proliferation in the rat cerebrum: immunohistochemical study with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)].No To Shinkei 40, 651–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fuller, K. A., Kanagawa, O. &Nahm, M. H. (1993) T cells within germinal centers are specific for the immunizing antigen.J. Immunol. 151, 4505–12.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Furst, A., Brown, E. H., Braunstein, J. D., &Schildkraut, C. L. (1981) Globin sequences are located in a region of early-replicating DNA in murine erythroleukemia cells.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA83, 2924–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gard, A. L. &Pfeiffer, S. E. (1990) Two proliferative stages of the oligodendrocyte lineage (A2B5+O4- and O4+GalC-) under different mitogenic control.Neuron 5, 615–25.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gaze, R. M., Wilson, M. A. &Taylor, J. S. (1993) Optic synapses are found in diencephalic neuropils before development of the tectum inXenopus.Anat. Embryol. (Berl.) 187, 27–35.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Geard, C. R. (1973) Chromatid distribution at mitosis in culturedWallabia bicolor cells.Chromosoma 44, 301–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gerlyng, P., Stokke, T., Huitfeldt, H. S., Stenersen, T., Danielsen, H. E., Grotmol, T. &Seglen, P. O. (1992) Analytical methods for the study of liver cell proliferation.Cytometry 13, 404–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez-Fernandez, A., Aller, P., Sans, J. &De la Torre, C. (1992) Early and late replicating DNA involved in the G1 to S transition inAllium cepa L meristematic cells.Biol. Cell 74, 243–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goodrich, D. W., Wang, N. P., Qian, Y. W., Lee, E. Y. &Lee, W. H. (1991) The retinoblastoma gene product regulates progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle.Cell 67, 293–302.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Götz, M. &Bolz, J. (1992) Formation and preservation of cortical layers in slice cultures.J. Neurobiol. 23, 783–802.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gray, D. (1988) Population kinetics of rat peripheral B cells.J. Exp. Med. 167, 805–16.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Green, P., Hartenstein, A. Y. &Hartenstein, V. (1993) The embryonic development of theDrosophila visual system.Cell Tissue Res. 273, 583–98.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grenier, Y., Ruijs, T. C., Olivier, A., Robitaille, Y. &Antel, J. P. (1989) DNA synthesis by young adult human-derived astrocytes in vitro.Brain Res. 480, 87–91.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gressner, A. M., Lotfi, S., Gressner, G. &Lahme, B. (1992) Identification and partial characterization of a hepatocyte-derived factor promoting proliferation of cultured fat-storing cells (parasinusoidal lipocytes).Hepatology 16, 1250–66.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guthrie, S., Butcher, M. &Lumsden, A. (1991) Patterns of cell division and interkinetic nuclear migration in the chick embryo hindbrain.J. Neurobiol. 22, 742–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haase, S. B. &Calos, M. P. (1991) Replication control of autonomously replicating human sequences.Nucleic Acids Res. 19, 5053–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hadrava, V., Tremblay, J., Sekaly, R. P. &Hamet, P. (1992) Accelerated entry of aortic smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats into the S phase of the cell cycle.Biochem. Cell Biol. 70, 599–604.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hägele, K. (1970) DNS-Replikationsmuster der Speicheldrüsen-Chromosomen von Chironomiden.Chromosoma 31, 91–138.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hagglund, B. &Sandberg, G. (1993) Effect ofl-alanine and some other amino acids on thymocyte proliferation in vivo.Immunobiology 188, 62–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hamada, H. (1993) [Effects of medium chain triglyceride administration on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in rats]Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi 68, 96–109.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hammar, S. P., Luu, J. Y., Bockus, D. E., Remington, F. L., Luu, J. W., Friedman, S. &Bean M. A. (1992) Induction of tubuloreticular structures in cultured human endothelial cells by recombinant interferon alfa and beta.Ultrastruct. Pathol. 16, 211–18.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Han, H., Iwanaga, T., Uchiyama, Y. &Fujita, T. (1993) Aggregation of macrophages in the tips of intestinal villi in guinea pigs: their possible role in the phagocytosis of effete epithelial cells.Cell Tissue Res. 271, 407–16.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hanazono, M., Yoshiki, A., Ota, K., Kitoh, J. &Kusakabe, M. (1990a) DNA replication in uterine cells of adult and prepubertal mice under normal and hormonally stimulated conditions detected by bromodeoxyuridine labelling method.Endocrinol. Jpn. 37, 183–91.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hanazono, M., Yoshiki, A., Ota, K., Kitoh, J. &Kusakabe, M. (1990b) Immunohistochemical detection of DNA replication in mouse uterine cells by bromodeoxyuridine labeling of wax- and resin-embedded tissue sections.Stain Technol. 65, 139–49.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hanke, H., Strohschneider, T., Oberhoff, M., Betz, E. &Karsch, K. R. (1990) Time course of smooth muscle cell proliferation in the intima and media of arteries following experimental angioplasty.Circ. Res. 67, 651–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hanke, H., Haase, K. K., Hanke, S., Oberhoff, M., Hassenstein, S., Betz, E. &Karsch, K. R. (1991) Morphological changes and smooth muscle cell proliferation after experimental excimer laser treatment.Circulation 83, 1380–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, A. J., Duxson, M. J., Fitzsimons, R. B. &Rieger, F. (1989) Myonuclear birthdates distinguish the origins of primary and secondary myotubes in embryonic mammalian skeletal muscles.Development 107, 771–84.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann, C. &Rode, A. (1982) [Changes, during a synchronous cell cycle, of the level of incorporation of 5-bromodeoxyuridine into DNA of chick embryo fibroblasts].C. R. Seances Acad. Sci. III 295, 69–72.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hashiguchi, J., Ito, M. &Sekine, I. (1993) The effect of the autonomic nervous system on cell proliferation of the gastric mucosa in stress ulcer formation.J. Autonom Nerv. Syst. 43, 179–87.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hashino, E. &Salvi, R. J. (1993) Changing spatial patterns of DNA replication in the noise-damaged chick cochlea.J. Cell Sci. 105, 23–31.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hashiro, M., Matsumoto, K., Okumura, H., Hashimoto, K. &Yoshikawa, K. (1991) Growth inhibition of human keratinocytes by antisense c-myc oligomer is not coupled to induction of differentiation.Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 174, 287–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hassenstein, S., Hanke, H., Kamenz, J., Oberhoff, M., Hanke, S., Riessen, R., Haase, K. K., Betz, E. &Karsch, K. R. (1992) Vascular injury and time course of smooth muscle cell proliferation after experimental holmium laser angioplasty.Circulation 86, 1575–83.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hines, J. E., Johnson, S. J. &Burt, A. D. (1993) In vivo responses of macrophages and perisinusoidal cells to cholestatic liver injury.Am. J. Pathol. 142, 511–18.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hirai, R., Oguchi, Y., Sugita, N., Matsunaga, K. &Nomoto, K. (1993) Enhancement of T-cell proliferation by PSK.Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 15, 745–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hirning, U., Schmid, P., Schulz, W. A., Rettenberger, G. &Hameister, H. (1991) A comparative analysis of N-myc and c-myc expression and cellular proliferation in mouse organogenesis.Mech. Dev. 33, 119–25.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hitchcock, P. F., Lindsey Myhr K. J., Easter, S. S. Jr, Mangionesmith, R. &Jones, D. D. (1992) Local regeneration in the retina of the goldfish.J. Neurobiol. 23, 187–203.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hogen Esch, H., Gijbels, M. J. J., Offerman, E., Van Hooft, J., Van Bekkum, D. W. &Zurcher, C. (1993) A spontaneous mutation characterized by chronic proliferative dermatitis in C57BL mice.Am. J. Pathol. 143, 972–82.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holmquist, G. P. (1987) Role of replication in the control of tissue-specific gene expression.Am. J. Hum. Genet. 40, 151–73.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hong, S. T., Kho, W. G., Kim, W. H., Chai, J. Y. &Lee, S. H. (1993) Turnover of biliary epithelial cells inClonorchis sinensis infected rats.Kisaengchunghak Chapchi 31, 83–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huesmann, M., Scott, B., Kisielow, P. &Von Boehmer, H. (1991) Kinetics and efficacy of positive selection in the thymus of normal and T cell receptor transgenic mice.Cell 66, 533–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Humbert, C. &Usson, Y. (1992) Eukaryotic DNA replication is a topographically ordered process.Cytometry 13, 603–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Humbert, C., Santisteban, M. S., Usson, Y. &Robert-Nicoud, M. (1992) Intranuclear co-location of newly replicated DNA and PCNA by simultaneous immunofluorescent labelling and confocal microscopy in MCF-7 cells.J. Cell Sci. 103, 97–103.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hume, W. J. (1989) DNA-synthesizing cells in oral epithelium have a range of cell cycle durations: evidence from double-labelling studies using tritiated thymidine and bromodeoxyuridine.Cell Tissue Kinet. 22, 377–82.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hume, W. J. &Thompson, J. (1990) Double labelling of cells with tritiated thymidine and bromodeoxyuridine reveals a circadian rhythm-dependent variation in duration of DNA synthesis and S phase flux rates in rodent oral epithelium.Cell Tissue Kinet. 23, 313–23.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huong, P. L., Kolk, A. H., Eggelte, T. A., Verstijnen, C. P., Gilis, H. &Hendriks, J. T. (1991) Measurement of antigen specific lymphocyte proliferation using 5-bromo-deoxyuridine incorporation. An easy and low cost alternative to radio-active thymidine incorporation.J. Immunol. Methods 140, 243–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hurme, T. &Kalimo, H. (1992) Activation of myogenic precursor cells after muscle injury.Med. Sci. Sports Exercise 24, 197–205.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Iannuzzi, L., Gustavsson, I., Di Meo G. P. &Ferrara, L. (1989) High-resolution studies on late-replicating segments (G+C bands) in mammalian chromosomes.Hereditas 110, 43–50.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Irani, A. M., Nilsson, G., Miettinen, U., Craig, S. S., Ashman, L. K., Ishizaka, T., Zsebo, K. M. &Schwartz, L. B. (1992) Recombinant human stem cell factor stimulates differentiation of mast cells from dispersed human fetal liver cells.Blood 80, 3009–21.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ito, K. &Hotta, Y. (1992) Proliferation pattern of postembryonic neuroblasts in the brain ofDrosophila melanogaster.Dev. Biol. 149, 134–48.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ito, K. &McGhee, J. D. (1987) Parental DNA strands segregate randomly during embryonic development ofCaenorhabditis elegans.Cell 49, 329–36.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ito, K., Mcghee, J. D. &Schultz, G. A. (1988) Paternal DNA strands segregate to both trophectoderm and inner cell mass of the developing mouse embryo.Genes Devel. 2, 929–36.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ito, Y. (1993) [DNA synthesis of the mucosa of the gallbladder estimated by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-anti BrdUin vitro method in patients with various gallbladder disorders]Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 90, 665–72.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jablonka-Shariff, A., Grazul-Bilska, A. T., Redmer, D. A. &Reynolds, L. P. (1993) Growth and cellular proliferation of ovine corpora lutea throughout the estrous cycle.Endocrinology 133, 1871–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jezequel, A. M., Paolucci, F., Benedetti, A., Mancini, R. &Orlandi, F. (1991) Enumeration of S-phase cells in normal rat liver by immunohistochemistry using bromodeoxyuridine-antibromodeoxyuridine system.Dig. Dis. Sci. 36, 482–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jirikowski, G. F., Ramalho-Ortigao, J. F., Lindl, T. &Seliger, H. (1989) Immunocytochemistry of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine labelled oligonucleotide probes. A novel technique for in situ hybridization.Histochemistry 91, 51–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jirikowski, G. F., Ramalho-Ortigao, J. F., Kesse, K. W. &Bloom, F. E. (1990) In situ hybridization of semithin Epon sections with BrdU labelled oligonucleotide probes.Histochemistry 94, 187–90.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, D. G., Schwarz, J. K., Cress, W. D. &Nevins, J. R. (1993) Expression of transcription factor E2F1 induces quiescent cells to enter S phase.Nature 365, 349–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, S. J., Hines, J. F. &Burt, A. D. (1992) Macrophage and perisinusoidal cell kinetics in acute liver injury.J. Pathol. 166, 351–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, H. B., Clarke, N. A. &Barrass, N. C. (1993) Phenobarbital-induced hepatocellular proliferation: anti-bromodeoxyuridine and anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunocytochemistry.J. Histochem. Cytochem 41, 21–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Just, W., Autenrieth, M. &Vogel, W. (1993) Demonstration of replication patterns on histone-depleted chromosomes.Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 62, 60–3.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalle, W. H. J., Hazekamp-Van Dokkum, A.-M., Lohman, P. H. M., Natarajan, A. T., Van Zeeland, A. A. &Mullenders, L. H. F. (1993) The use of streptavidin-coated magnetic beads and biotinylated antibodies to investigate induction and repair of DNA damage: analysis of repair patches in specific sequences of uv-irradiated human fibroblasts.Anal. Biochem. 208, 228–36.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kamiryo, T., Orita, T., Nishizaki, T. &Aoki, H. (1990) Development of the rat meninx: experimental study using bromodeoxyuridine.Anat. Rec. 227, 207–10.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kanai-Azuma, M., Kanal, Y., Kurohmaru, M., Sakai, S. &Hayashi, Y. (1993) Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I stimulates proliferation and migration of mouse ectoplacental cone cells, while IGF-II transforms them into trophoblastic giant cells in vitro.Biol. Reprod. 48, 252–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Karasek, M., Liberski, P., Kunert-Radek, J. &Bartkowiak, J. (1992) Influence of melatonin on the proliferation of hepatoma cells in the Syrian hamster: in vivo and in vitro study.J. Pineal Res. 13, 107–10.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Karn, J., Watson, J. V., Lowe, A. D., Green, S. M. &Vedeckis, W. (1989) Regulation of cell cycle duration by c-myc levels.Oncogene 4, 773–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Karube, T. &Watanabe, S. (1988) Analysis of the chromosommal DNA replication pattern using the bromodeoxyuridine labelling method.Cancer Res. 48, 219–22.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Karube, T., Ochi-Takeuchi, H. &Watanabe, S. (1987) A new immunocytochemical method to measure cell kinetics of human lymphocytes by using monoclonal antibody against bromodeoxyuridine.Nippon Ketsueki Gakkai Zasshi 50, 862–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kassem, M., Blum, W., Ristelli, J., Mosekilde, L. &Eriksen, E. F. (1993) Growth hormone stimulates proliferation and differentiation of normal human osteoblast-like cells in vitro.Calcif. Tissue Int. 52, 222–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Katelaris, A., Penny, R. &Breit, S. N. (1992) Mitotic activity in the dermis of mice during graft versus host disease: the role of fibroblast replication in dermal fibrosis.J. Invest. Dermatol. 99, 779–83.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Katoh, K., Kasai, S. &Mito, M. (1989) [Effect of activation of the reticuloendothelial system on hepatocyte regeneration in partially hepatectomized rats]Nippon Geka Gakkai Zasshi 90, 250–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Katsuda, S., Coltrera, M. D., Ross, R. &Gown, A. M. (1993) Human atherosclerosis. IV. Immunocytochemical analysis of cell activation and proliferation in lesions of young adults.Am. J. Pathol. 142, 1787–93.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman, S. J. &Foster, R. F. (1988) Replicating myoblasts express a muscle-specific phenotype.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 9606–10.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kaufman, S. J. &Robert-Nicoud, M. (1985) DNA replication and differentiation in rat myoblasts studied with monoclonal antibodies against 5-bromodeoxyuridine, actin, and alpha 2-macroglobulin.Cytometry 6, 570–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kelic, S., Olsson, T. &Kristensson, K. (1993) Interferon-gamma promotes proliferation of rat skeletal muscle cellsin vitro and alters their AChr distribution.J. Neurol. Sci. 114, 62–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kellett, M., Potten, C. S. &Rew, D. A. (1992) A comparison ofin vivo cell proliferation measurements in the intestine of mouse and man.Epithelial Cell Biol. 1, 147–55.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kennerknecht, I., Baur-Aubele, S. &Vogel, W. (1991) Proliferation kinetics in native chorionic villus cells.Prenat. Diagn. 11, 591–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kimura, Y., Kamide, M., Furukawa, M., Miwa, T., Sakumoto, M. &Umeda, R. (1990) [Evaluation of turnover of olfactory epithelium in mice by using anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody].Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho 93, 165–70.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kirkhus, B. &Clausen, O. P. (1990) Cell kinetics in mouse epidermis studied by bivariate DNA/bromodeoxyuridine and DNA/keratin flow cytometry.Cytometry 11, 253–60.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kirkhus, B. &Clausen, O. P. (1992) Circadian variations in cell cycle phase progression of mouse epidermal cells measured directly by bivariate BrdUrd/DNA flow cytometry.Epithelial Cell Biol. 1, 32–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kitao, Y., Okoyama, S., Moriizumi, T. &Kudo, M. (1993) Neurogenetical segregation of the vestibulospinal neurons in the rat.Brain Res. 620, 149–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kitazawa, R., Kitazawa, S., Fukase, M., Fujita, T., Kobayashi, A., Chihara, K. &Maeda, S. (1992) The expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) in normal parathyroid: histochemistry, and in situ hybridization.Histochemistry 98, 211–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kitazawa, S., Takenaka, A., Abe, N., Maeda, S., Horio, M. &Sugiyama, T. (1989) In situ DNA-RNA hybridization using in vivo bromodeoxyuridine-labeled DNA probe.Histochemistry 92, 195–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kitazawa, S., Kitazawa, R., Gotoh, A., Fujimori, T. &Maeda, S. (1993) In situ hybridization using bromodeoxyuridine labelled DNA probe and RNase H.Biotech Histochem. 68, 137–41.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kleibeuker, J. H., Welberg, J. W., Mulder, N. H., Van Der Meer, R., Cats, A., Limburg, A. J., Kreumer, W. M., Hardonk, M. J. &De Vries, E. G. (1993) Epithelial cell proliferation in the sigmoid colon of patients with adenomatous polyps increases during oral calcium supplementation.Br. J. Cancer 67, 500–3.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kleine, H. D., Wagner, U., Poliwoda, H. &Freund, M. (1992) Effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha on bone marrow aspirates of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia determined by flow-cytometric cell-cycle analysis.J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 118, 56–60.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knapp, P. E. (1991) Studies of glial lineage and proliferationin vitro using an early marker for committed oligodendrocytes.J. Neurosci. Res. 30, 336–45.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knapp, P. E. (1992) The cell cycle of glial cells grown in vitro: an immunocytochemical method of analysis.J. Histochem. Cytochem. 40, 1405–11.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knight, J. K. &Raymond, P. A. (1990) Time course of opsin expression in developing rod photoreceptors.Development 110, 1115–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kohn, K. W. &Grimek-Ewig, R. A. (1973) Alkaline elution analysis, a new approach to the study of DNA single-strand interruptions in cells.Cancer Res. 33, 1849–53.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koike, N., Saitoh, K., Todoroki, T., Kawamoto, T., Iwasaki, Y. &Nakamura, K. (1993) Cell proliferation kinetics of the bile duct epithelium of the rat.Cell Prolif. 26, 183–93.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koizumi, O., Itazawa, M., Mizumoto, H., Minobe, S., Javois, L. C., Grimmelikhuijzen, C. J. &Bode, H. R. (1992) Nerve ring of the hypostome in hydra. I. Its structure, development, and maintenance.J. Comp. Neurol. 326, 7–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kojima, I., Mogami, H., Kawamura, N., Yasuda, H. &Shibata, H. (1993) Modulation of growth of vascular smooth muscle cells by activin A.Exp. Cell Res. 206, 152–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kosaka, T., Kamata, T., Ooyama, S., Kanno, M., Yamaguchi, A., Yonemura, Y., Miwa, K. &Miyazaki, I. (1990) [A flow cytometric cell cycle analysis of familial polyposis coli].Gan No Rinsho 36, 2141–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kroeger, H., Gettmann, W. &Kalater, C. H. (1973) Zur Kontrolle der DNA-Replication in Riesenchromosomen explantierter Speicheldrüsen.Cytobiologie 7, 65–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kruse, F. E. &Tseng, S. C. G. (1993a) Growth factors modulate clonal growth and differentiation of cultured rabbit limbal and corneal epithelium.Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 34, 1963–76.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kruse, F. E. &Tseng, S. C. G. (1993b) A tumor promoter-resistant subpopulation of progenitor cells is larger in limbal epithelium than in corneal epithelium.Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 34, 2501–11.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krushel, L. A., &Van Der Kooy, D. (1993) Pattern formation in the developing mammalian forebrain: selective adhesion of early but not late postmitotic cortical and striatal neurons within forebrain reaggregate cultures.Dev. Biol. 158, 145–62.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kubbies, M., Friedl, R., Koehler, J., Rabinovitch, P. S. &Hoehn, H. (1990) Improvement of human lymphocyte proliferation and alteration of IL-2 secretion kinetics by alpha-thioglycerol.Lymphokine Res. 9, 95–106.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kulomaa, P., Paavonen, J. &Lehtinen, M. (1992) Herpes simplex virus induces unscheduled DNA synthesis in virus-infected cervical cancer cell lines.Res. Virol. 143, 351–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuni, Y., Tarao, K., Shimizu, A., Nakamura, N., Harada, M., Ito, Y., Iimori, K. &Tamai, S. (1988) [Evaluation of DNA synthesis using antibromodeoxyuridine antibody in liver cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis]Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 85, 2187–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kusewitt, D. F., Budge, C. L., Nolla, H. A., Edwards, B. S. &Ley, R. D. (1992) Cell cycle progression in den V-transfected murine fibroblasts exposed to ultraviolet radiation.Mutat. Res. 274, 163–76.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuyatt, B. L., Reidy, C. A., Hui, K. Y. &Jordan, W. H. (1993) Quantitation of smooth muscle proliferation in cultured aorta. A color image analysis method for the Macintosh.Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol. 15, 83–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Labrecque, C., Huard, J., Dansereau, G., Albert, N. &Tremblay, J. P. (1991) In vitro bromodeoxyuridine labelling of nuclei: application to myotube hybridization.J. Histochem. Cytochem. 39, 1421–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lacy, E. R., Kuwayama, H., Cowart, K. S., King, J. S., Deutz, A. H. &Sistrunk, S. (1991) A rapid, accurate, immunohistochemical method to label proliferating cells in the digestive tract. A comparison with tritiated thymidine.Gastroenterology 100, 259–62.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lagra, F., Raptopoulou-Gigi, M., Orphanou-Koumerkeridou, H. &Goulis, G. (1989) In vitro effect of interferon alpha-2b on T lymphocyte transformation and leukocyte migration inhibition in patients with chronic brucellosis.Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. 11, 223–32.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lane, H. A., Fernandez, A., Lamb, N. J. &Thomas, G. (1993) p70s6k function is essential for G1 progression.Nature 363, 170–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lantz, O., Alard, P., Chavanel, G., Fries, D., Senik, A. &Charpentier, B. (1991) EBV cell-lines (LCL) and E-cells as stimulator cells for limiting dilution analysis (LDA) of alloreactive IL-2-secreting cells (IL-2-SC) and cytotoxic precursors (CTLp). Comparison of their stimulator capacity and ability to generate specific alloreactivity.J. Immunol. Methods 137, 121–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lardon, F., Van Bockstaele, D. R., Snoeck, H. W. &Peetermans, M. E. (1993) Quantitative cell-cycle progression analysis of the first three successive cell cycles of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and/or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-stimulated human CD34+ bone marrow cells in relation to their colony formation.Blood 81, 3211–16.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Larison, K. D. &Bremiller, R. (1990) Early onset of phenotype and cell patterning in the embryonic zebrafish retina.Development 109, 567–76.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Larramendy, M. L. &Knuutila, S. (1990) Immunophenotype and sister chromatid differentiation: a combined methodology for analyzing cell proliferation in unfractionated lymphocyte cultures.Exp. Cell Res. 188, 209–13.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Larson, J. L., Wolf, D. C. &Butterworth, B. E. (1993) Acute hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects of chloroform in male F-344 rats and female B6C3F1 mice.Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 20, 302–15.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Latos-Bielenska, A. &Vogel, W. (1990) Frequency and distribution of chiasmata in Syrian hamster spermatocytes studied by the BrdU antibody technique.Chromosoma 99, 267–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Latos-Bielenska, A. &Vogel, W. (1992) Demonstration of replication patterns in the last premeiotic S-phase of male Chinese hamsters after BrdU pulse labelling.Chromosoma 101, 279–83.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Latos-Bielenska, A., Hameister, H. &Vogel, W. (1987) Detection of BrdUrd incorporation in mammalian chromosomes by a BrdUrd antibody. III. Demonstration of replication patterns in highly resolved chromosomes.Hum. Genet. 76, 293–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Latt, S. A. (1973) Microfluorimetric detection of deoxyribonucleic acid replication in human metaphase chromosomes.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.70, 3395–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lau, Y. F. &Arrighi, F. E. (1981) Studies of mammalian chromosome replication. II. Evidence for the existence of defined chromosome replicating units.Chromasoma 83, 721–41.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Layer, P. G. &Alber, R. (1990) Patterning of chick brain vesicles as revealed by peanut agglutinin and cholinesterases.Development 109, 613–24.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, D. Y., Chapkin, R. S., Lupton, J. R. (1993) Dietary fat and fiber modulate colonic cell proliferation in an interactive sitespecific manner.Nutr. Cancer 20, 107–18.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lehrnbecher, T., Merz, H., Sebald, W. &Poot, M. (1991) Interleukin 4 drives phytohemagglutinin-activated T cells through several cell cycles: no synergism between interleukin 2 and interleukin 4.Cytokine 3, 593–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lehtinen, M., Kulomaa, P., Kallioniemi, O. P., Paavonen, J. &Leinikki, P. (1989) Analysis of DNA synthesis in herpes simplex virus infected cells by dual parameter flow cytometry.Arch. Virol. 107, 215–23.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lett, J. T., Klucis, E. A. &Sun, C. (1970) On the size of the DNA in the mammalian chromosome.Biophys. J. 10, 277–82.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Levin, B. (1992) Nutrition and colorectal cancer.Cancer 70, 1723–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ley, R. D., Applegate, L. A., Deriel, J. K. &Henderson, E. E. (1989) Excision repair characteristics of DENV-transformed Xeroderma pigmentosum cells.Mutat. Res. 217, 101–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Likhachev, A. J., Tomatis, L. &Margison, G. P. (1983) Incorporation and persistence of 5-bromodeoxyuridine in newborn rat tissue DNA.Chem. Biol. Interact. 46, 31–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Loizidou, M. C., Lawrance, R. J., Holt, S., Carty, N. J., Cooper, A. J., Alexander, P. &Taylor, I. (1991) Facilitation by partial hepatectomy of tumor growth within the rat liver following intraportal injection of syngeneic tumor cells.Clin. Exp. Metastasis 9, 335–49.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lopez-Girona, A., Colomer, J., Pujol, M. J., Bachs, O. &Agell, N. (1992) Calmodulin regulates DNA polymerase alpha activity during proliferative activation of NRK cells.Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 184, 1517–23.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lorenzi, M., Nordberg, J. A. &Toledo, S. (1987) High glucose prolongs cell-cycle traversal of cultured human endothelial cells.Diabetes 36, 1261–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Love, T. C. &Tucker, D. C. (1993) Possible paracrine facilitation of ventricular growth in oculo by atrial tissue.Am. J. Physiol. 265, 1082–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, B., Vasseur, F. &Penit, C. (1993) Normal sequence of phenotypic transitions in one cohort of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine-pulse-labeled thymocytes. Correlation with T cell receptor expression.J. Immunol. 151, 4574–82.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lukomska, B., Pienkowska, B., Andrzejewski, W. &Olszewski, W. L. (1991) Liver sinusoidal cytotoxic cells are recruited from blood and divide locally.J. Hepatol. 12, 332–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lundy, M. W., Hendrix, T., Wergedal, J. E. &Baylink, D. J. (1991) Growth factor-induced proliferation of osteoblasts measured by bromodeoxyuridine immunocytochemistry.Growth Factors 4, 257–64.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lutzow-Holm, C., De Angelis, P. &Clausen, O. P. (1992) Retinoic acid provokes a regeneration-like proliferative response in murine epidermis. A bivariate DNA/bromodeoxyuridine flow cytometric study.Arch. Dermatol. Res. 284, 418–23.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ma, C., Leu, T. H. &Hamlin, J. L. (1990) Multiple origins of replication in the dihydrofolate reductase amplicons of a methotrexate-resistant chinese hamster cell line.Mol. Cell. Biol. 10, 1338–46.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ma, W., Behar, T., Maric, D., Maric, I. &Barker, J. L. (1992) Neuroepithelial cells in the rat spinal cord express glutamate decarboxylase immunoreactivity in vivo and in vitro.J. Comp. Neurol. 325, 257–70.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mackay, C. R., Marston, W. L. &Dudler, L. (1990) Naive and memory T cells show distinct pathways of lymphocyte recirculation.J. Exp. Med. 171, 801–17.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maggio-Price, L., Grossmann, A., Shiota, F. &Engel, D. (1993) Increased proliferative capacity of CD4+ and CD8+T lymphocytes from mutant sphha/sphha mice is associated with increased IL-2 receptor expression.Cell. Immunol. 148, 346–56.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mah, D. C. W., Dijkwel, P. A., Todd, A., Klein, V., Price, G. B. &Zannis-Hadjopoulos, M. (1993)ors12, a mammalian autonomously replicating DNA sequence, associates with the nuclear matrix in a cell cycle-dependent manner.J. Cell Sci. 105, 807–18.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mancini, R., Jezequel, A. M., Benedetti, A., Paolucci, F., Trozzi, L. &Orlandi, F. (1992) Quantitative analysis of proliferating sinusoidal cells in dimethylnitrosamine-induced cirrhosis. An immunohistochemical study.J. Hepatol. 15, 361–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Manders, E. M. M., Stap, J., Brakenhoff, G. J., Van Driel, R. &Aten, J. (1992) Dynamics of three-dimensional replication patterns during the S-phase, analysed by double labelling of DNA and confocal microscopy.J. Cell Sci. 103, 857–62.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maniotis, A. &Schliwa, M. (1991) Microsurgical removal of centrosomes blocks cell reproduction and centriole generation in BSC-1 cells.Cell 67, 495–504.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Manson, M. M., Green, J. A., Wright, B. J. &Carthew, P. (1992) Degree of ethoxyquin-induced nephrotoxicity in rat is dependent on age and sex.Arch. Toxicol. 66, 51–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mark, M. P., Bloch-Zupan, A. &Ruch, J. V. (1992) Effects of retinoids on tooth morphogenesis and cytodifferentiations, in vitro.Int. J. Dev. Biol. 36, 517–26.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, M. J. &Davie, M. W. (1991) An immunocytochemical method for studying the kinetics of osteoclast nuclei on intact mouse parietal bone.Histochem. J. 23, 402–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marucci, I., Baroni, G. S., Mancini, R., Benedetti, A., Jezequel, A. M. &Orlandi, F. (1993) Cell proliferation following extrahepatic biliary obstruction. Evaluation by immunohistochemical methods.J. Hepatol 17, 163–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marushige, Y., Marushige, K. &Koestner, A. (1992) Growth inhibition of anaplastic glioma cells by nerve growth factor.Anticancer Res. 12, 2069–73.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mashiba, H., Matsunaga, K., Yagawa, K., Nomura, Y., Yoshinaga, H., Furusawa, M. &Jimi, S. (1981) Elevated cytostatic activity of monocytes from cancer patients.Gann 72, 848–53.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mason, R. J., Apostolou, S., Power, J. &Robinson, P. (1990) Human alveolar type II cells: stimulation of DNA synthesis by insulin and endothelial cell growth supplement.Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 3, 571–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matsumoto, Y., Kawai, K. &Fujiwara, M. (1988) Hemorrhagic autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced by adoptive transfer of activated semiallogeneic spleen cells into irradiated rats.Am. J. Pathol. 133, 306–15.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matsumoto, Y., Hanawa, H., Tsuchida, M. &Abo, T. (1993) In situ inactivation of infiltrating T cells in the central nervous system with autoimmune encephalomyelitis. The role of astrocytes.Immunology 79, 381–90.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matsunaga, S., Ijiri, K., Sakou, T. &Morimoto, N. (1993) Immunohistochemical study of activating osteoblasts from undifferentiated mesenchymal cells by electrical stimulation.Bone 14, 327–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matsuno, K., Ezaki, T. &Kotani, M. (1989) Splenic outer periarterial lymphoid sheath (PALS): an immunoproliferative microenvironment constituted by antigen-laden marginal metallophils and ED2-positive macrophages in the rat.Cell Tissue Res. 257, 459–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mayron, R. &Wise, D. (1976). Random distribution of centromere regions at mitosis in cultured cells ofMuntiacus muntjak.Chromosoma 55, 69–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mazure, A. &Grierson, I. (1992) In vitro studies of the contractility of cell types involved in proliferative vitreoretinopathy.Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis Sci. 33, 3407–16.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mazzotti, G., Rizzoli, R., Galanzi, A., Papa, S., Vitale, M., Falconi, M., Neri, L. M., Zini, N. &Maraldi, N. M. (1990) Highresolution detection of newly synthesized DNA by antibromodeoxyuridine antibodies identifies specific chromatin domains.J. Histochem. Cytochem. 38, 13–22.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mcclure, S. J. &Hein, W. R. (1989) Functional characteristics of 197+ CD4- CD8- sheep T lymphocytes: expansion and differentiation of peripheral T cells.Immunol. Cell Biol. 67, 223–31.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mcculloch, C. A. &Knowles, G. (1991) Discrimination of two fibroblast progenitor populations in early explant cultures of hamster gingiva.Cell Tissue Res. 264, 87–94.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mcdermott, K. W. G. &Lantos, P. L. (1990) Cell proliferation in the subependymal layer of the postnatal marmoset,Callithrix jacchus.Dev. Brain Res. 57, 269–77.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mcdowell, E. M., Desanti, A. M. &Strum, J. M. (1989) Correlations between blood glucose levels and bromodeoxyuridine labelling indices of pancreatic islet cells following streptozotocin administration to pregnant Syrian golden hamsters.Virchows Arch. B Cell Pathol. 57, 223–30.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mcdowell, E. M., Zhang, X. M. &De Santi, A. M. (1990) Localization of healing tracheal wounds using bromodeoxyuridine immunohistochemistry.Stain Technol. 65, 25–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mcnicol, A. M. &Duffy, A. E. (1987) A study of cell migration in the adrenal cortex of the rat using bromodeoxyuridine.Cell Tissue Kinet. 20, 519–26.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Medina, K. L., Smithson, G. &Kincade, P. W. (1993) Suppression of B lymphopoiesis during normal pregnancy.J. Exp. Med. 178, 1507–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mencherini, F., Khochbin, S., Chabanas, A. &Lawrence, J.-J. (1992) Seric factors influence cell cycle modifications during commitment of murine erythroleukemia cells to differentiate.Cytometry 13, 518–24.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miething, A. (1993) Proliferative activity of the developing seminiferous epithelium during prespermatogenesis in the golden hamster testis measured by bromodeoxyuridine labelling.Anat. Embryol. (Berl.) 187, 249–58.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, M. A., Bokhari, S. A., Qadir, K. &Raza, A. (1992) Simultaneous assessment of TGFB and cell cycle kinetics using IUdR/BrdU infusions in human neoplasms from plastic-embedded tissue.J. Histochem. Cytochem. 40, 427–30.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, M. W. (1992) Circadian rhythm of cell proliferation in the telencephalic ventricular zone: effect of in utero exposure to ethanol.Brain Res. 595, 17–24.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, M. W. &Nowakowski, R. S. (1988) Use of bromodeoxyuridine-immunohistochemistry to examine the proliferation, migration and time of origin of cells in the central nervous system.Brain Res. 457, 44–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Minabe, M. (1989) [Regeneration of the rat submandibular glands after duct ligation]Kanagawa Shigaku 24, 484–500.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miura, M., Domon, M., Sasaki, T. &Takasaki, Y. (1992) Induction of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) complex formation in quiescent fibroblasts from a xeroderma pigmentosum patient.J. Cell. Physiol. 150, 370–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miyashita, M., Basa, S. &Suzuki, H. (1992) Localized proliferative effect of preadipocytes on cultured human epidermal keratinocytes.Acta Derm. Venereol. (Stockh) 72, 413–17.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miyata, K., Murao, M., Sawa, M. &Tanishima, T. (1989) [Kinetic study of cell proliferation in a new wound healing model using tissue cultured corneal endothelial cells]Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi 93, 287–93.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miyata, K., Murao, M., Sawa, M. &Tanishima, T. (1990) New wound-healing model using cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells. 2. Role of migration and mitosis studied by immunohistochemistry.Jpn. J. Ophthalmol. 34, 267–74.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Modlin, I. M., Kumar, R., Nangia, A., Soroka, C. J., Pasikhov, D. &Goldenring, J. R. (1992) Gastrin-dependent inhibitory effects of octreotide on the genesis of gastric ECLomas.Surgery 112, 1048–58.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, G. D., Kopf, G. S. &Schultz, R. M. (1993) Complete mouse egg activation in the absence of sperm by stimulation of an exogenous G protein-coupled receptor.Dev. Biol. 159, 669–78.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moretto, G., Yoo, A. &Kim, S. U. (1993) Human astrocytes and cytokines: tumour necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma do not promote astrocytic proliferation.Neurosci. Lett. 151, 17–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morimoto, Y., Saga, K., Bando, M. &Takahashi, M. (1991) In-vitro DNA synthesis of keratinocytes in normal human skin, psoriasis, seborrhoeic keratosis, Bowen's disease and basal cell carcinoma.Br. J. Dermatol. 125, 9–13.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morshead, C. M. &Van Der Kooy, D. (1992) Postmitotic death is the fate of constitutively proliferating cells in the subependymal layer of the adult mouse brain.J. Neurosci. 12, 249–56.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mullenders, L. H., Hazekamp-van Dokkum, A. M., Kalle, W. H., Vrieling, H., Zdzienicka, M. Z. &Van Zeeland, A. A. (1993) UV-induced photolesions, their repair and mutations.Mutat. Res. 299, 271–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Munaut, C., Dombrowicz, D. &Matagne, R. F. (1990) Detection of chloroplast DNA by using fluorescent monoclonal anti-bromodeoxyuridine antibody and analysis of its fate during zygote formation inChlamydomonas reinhardtii.Curr. Genet. 18, 259–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Murakoshi, M., Tagawa, M., Inada, R. &Suzuki, M. (1992) Effects of testosterone, and testosterone plus estrogen, in the castrated rat ventral prostate-histopathological and immunocytochemical studies.Tokai J. Exp. Clin. Med. 17, 133–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Murata, T., Wara, R., Abe, H., Kuwabara, N. &Fukuda, Y. (1991) [Studies of morphometric analysis and cell cycle of gastric epithelia of rat administered minimal mixed bile acids].Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 88, 1532–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Murate, T., Saga, S., Hotta, T., Asano, H., Ito, T., Kato, K., Tsushita, K., Kinoshita, T., Ichikawa, A., Yoshida, S. &Saito, H. (1993) The close relationship between DNA replication and the selection of differentiation lineages of human erythroleukemia cell lines K562, HEL, and TF1 into either erythroid or megakaryocytic lineages.Exp. Cell Res. 208, 35–43.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nagai, A., Matsumiya, H., Sakamoto, K., Yamaguchi, E., Aoshiba, K. &Takizawa, T. (1991) [Consequences of DNA damage and the relationship between respiratory diseases in childhood and in adult hood].Nippon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi 29, 7–10.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nagano, M., Ohkubo, T., Arino, T., Tsuchiya, M. &Nagai, M. (1993) Growth factor for cardiac hypertrophy.Mol. Cell. Biochem. 119, 17–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura, H. (1991) Immunohistochemical observations of dividing cells in olfactory epithelium using anti-BrdU antibody.Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol. 248, 298–301.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura, H., Morita, T. &Sato, C. (1986) Structural organizations of replicon domains during DNA synthetic phase in the mammalian nucleus.Exp. Cell Res. 165, 291–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura, T. &Hotchi, M. (1992) Changes in DNA strand breaks in non-parenchymal cells following hepatocyte regeneration in CCl4-induced rat liver injury.Virchows Arch. B. Cell Pathol. 63, 11–16.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nakayasu, H. &Berezney, R. (1989) Mapping replicational sites in the eucaryotic cell nucleus.J. Cell Biol. 108, 1–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Navone, A. &Raza, A. (1987) The detection of DNA repair in bromodeoxyuridine versus thymidine containing DNA of individual cells.Anticancer Res. 7, 13–16.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Neff, M. W. &Burke, D. J. (1991) Random segregation of chromatids at mitosis inSaccharomyces cerevisiae.Genetics 127, 463–73.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Neri, L. M., Mazzotti, G., Capitani, S., Maraldi, N. M., Cinti, C., Baldini, N., Rana, R. &Martelli, A. M. (1992) Nuclear matrix-bound replicational sites detected in situ by 5-bromodeoxyuridine.Histochemistry 98, 19–32.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Niedobitek, G., Finn, T., Herbst, H., Bornhoft, G., Gerdes, J. &Stein, H. (1988) Detection of viral DNA by in situ hybridization using bromodeoxyuridine-labeled DNA probes.Am. J. Pathol. 131, 1–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Niedobitek, G., Finn, T., Herbst, H. &Stein, H. (1989) Detection of viral genomes in the liver byin situ hybridization using 35S-, bromodeoxyuridine-, and biotin-labeled probes.Am. J. Pathol. 134, 633–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen, J. H., Linde, S., Welinder, B. S., Billestrup, N. &Madsen, O. D. (1989) Growth hormone is a growth factor for the differentiated pancreatic beta-cell.Mol. Endocrinol. 3, 165–73.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nishino, A., Suzuki, M., Ohtani, H., Motohashi, O., Umezawa, K., Nagura, H. &Yoshimoto, T. (1993) Thrombin may contribute to the pathophysiology of central nervous system injury.J. Neurotrauma 10, 167–79.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nishizaki, T., Orita, T., Abiko, S., Aoki, H. &Ito, H. (1990) Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma associated with tuberous sclerosis: with special reference to cell kinetic studies—case report.Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo) 30, 695–7.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nitta, K., Uchida, K., Murai, K., Horita, S., Tsutsui, T., Ozu, H., Kawashima, A., Yumura, W. &Nihei, H. (1993) [Role of glomerular mesangial cells in the regulation of glomerular endothelial cell growth]Nippon Jinzo Gakkai Shi 35, 663–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Noll, E. &Miller, R. H. (1993) Oligodendrocyte precursors originate at the ventral ventricular zone dorsal to the ventral midline region in the embryonic rat spinal cord.Development 118, 563–73.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nomura, A., Maruyama, Y. K. &Yoneda, M. (1991) Initiation of DNA replication cycle in fertilized eggs of the starfish,Asterina pectinifera.Dev. Biol. 143, 289–96.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nomura, A., Yoneda, M. &Tanaka, S. (1993) DNA replication in fertilized eggs of the starfish,Asterina pectinifera.Dev. Biol. 159, 288–97.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ohara, K., Itakura, K. &Ibaraki, N. (1992) Anterior capsule opacification: a cell culture model.Acta Ophthalmol. (suppl.) 29–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohshio, I. (1992) [Quantitative analysis of DNA synthesis and cell condensation in the oligodactylic rat hand plate]Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi 67, 322–41.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oinuma, T., Kawano, J-I., &Suganuma, T. (1992) Bromodeoxyuridine-immunohistochemistry on cellular differentiation and migration in the fundic gland ofXenopus laevis during development.Cell Tissue Res. 269, 205–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Olivo, M., Bhardwaj, R., Schulze-Osthoff, K., Sorg, C., Jacob, H. J. &Flamme, I. (1992) A comparative study on the effects of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), human angiogenic factor (h-AF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the chorioallantoic membrane of the chick embryo.Anat. Rec. 234, 105–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Orita, T., Nishizaki, T., Kamiryo, T., Harada, K. &Aoki, H. (1988) Cerebral microvascular architecture following experimental cold injury.J. Neurosurg. 68, 608–12.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Orita, T., Akimura, T., Kamiryo, T., Nishizaki, T., Furutani, Y., Harada, K., Ikeyama, Y. &Aoki, H. (1989) Cerebral endothelial regeneration following experimental brain injury. Variation in the regeneration process according to the severity of injury.Acta Neuropathol (Berl.) 77, 397–401.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ormerod, M. G., Titley, J. C., Smith, T. A., Tombs, A. L. &Eccles, S. (1993) Proliferative behaviour of an oestrogen sensitive rat mammary tumour: evidence for a paracrine interaction between tumour and stroma.Br. J. Cancer 67, 107–11.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Orton, E. C., La Rue, S. M., Ensley, B. &Stenmark, K. (1992) Bromodeoxyuridine labelling and DNA content of pulmonary arterial medial cells from hypoxia-exposed and nonexposed healthy calves.Am. J. Vet. Res. 53, 1925–30.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ozawa, S., Ueda, M., Ando, N., Abe, O. &Shimizu, N. (1988) Epidermal growth factor receptors in cancer tissues of esophagus, lung, pancreas, colorectum, breast and stomach.Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 79, 1201–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Painter, R. B. &Cleaver, J. E. (1969) Repair replication, unscheduled DNA synthesis and the repair of mammalian DNA.Radiat. Res. 37, 451–66.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pan, S. A., Okazaki, Y. &Takemoto, T. (1990) In vivo cell kinetics studies of the duodenum during and after healing of cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer in rats using bromodeoxyuridine incorporation.J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol 5, 281–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Patel, S., Rew, D. A., Taylor, I., Potten, C. S., Owen, C. &Roberts, S. A. (1993) Study of the proliferation in human gastric mucosa after in vivo bromodeoxyuridine labelling.Gut 34, 893–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pawlikowski, M., Zerek-Melen, G. &Winczyk, K. (1992) Thyroliberin (TRH) increases thymus cell proliferation in rats.Neuropeptides 23, 199–202.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pawlikowski, M., Zerek-Melen, G., Winczyk, K., Stepien, H., Lachowicz, A. &Janecka, A. (1993) Comparison of the antiproliferative effects of colon mitosis inhibitor, thyroliberin and the somatostatin analog octreotide on rat colonic mucosal epithelial cells.Cytobios 73, 25–30.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peltomaki, T. &Hakkinen, L. (1992) Growth of the ribs at the costochondral junction in the rat.J. Anat. 181, 259–64.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Penit, C. (1986) In vivo thymocyte maturation. BUdR labelling of cycling thymocytes and phenotypic analysis of their progeny support the single lineage model.J. Immunol. 137, 2115–20.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Penit, C. (1988) Localization and phenotype of cycling and post-cycling murine thymocytes studied by simultaneous detection of bromodeoxyuridine and surface antigens.J. Histochem. Cytochem. 36, 473–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Penit, C. &Ezine, S. (1989) Cell proliferation and thymocyte subset reconstitution in sublethally irradiated mice: compared kinetics of endogenous and intrathymically transferred progenitors.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 5547–51.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Penit, C. &Vasseur, F. (1988) Sequential events in thymocyte differentiation and thymus regeneration revealed by a combination of bromodeoxyuridine DNA labelling and antimitotic drug treatment.J. Immunol. 140, 3315–23.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Penit, C., Lucas, B. &Vasseur, R. (1995) Cell expansion and growth arrest phases during the transition from precursor (CD4-8-) to immature (CD4+8+) thymocytes in normal and genetically modified mice.J. Immunol. 154, 5103–13.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Perros, P. &Kendall-Taylor, P. (1992) Biological activity of autoantibodies from patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: in vitro effects on porcine extraocular myoblasts.Q. J. Med. 84, 691–706.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, R. G. &Whittle, J. R. (1993)wingless expression mediates determination of peripheral nervous system elements in late stages ofDrosophila wing disc development.Development 118, 427–38.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Placzek, M., Jessell, T. M. &Dodd, J. (1993) Induction of floor plate differentiation by contact-dependent, homeogenetic signals.Development 117, 205–18.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Plickert, G. &Kroiher, M. (1988) Proliferation kinetics and cell lineages can be studied in whole mounts and macerates by means of BrdU/anti-BrdU technique.Development 103, 791–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Poot, M., Hoehn, H., Runger, T. M. &Martin, G. M. (1992) Impaired S-phase transit of Werner syndrome cells expressed in lymphoblastoid cell lines.Exp. Cell Res. 202, 267–73.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Potten, C. S., Hume, W. J., Reid, P. &Cairns, J. (1978) Segregation of DNA in stem cells.Cell 15, 899–906.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Potten, C. S., Kellett, M., Rew, D. A. &Roberts, S. A. (1992a) Proliferation in human gastrointestinal epithelium using bromodeoxyuridine in vivo: data for different sites, proximity to a tumour, and polyposis coli.Gut 33, 524–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Potten, C. S., Kellett, M., Roberts, S. A., Rew, D. A. &Wilson, G. D. (1992b) Measurement of in vivo proliferation in human colorectal mucosa using bromodeoxyuridine.Gut 33, 71–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Prokop, A. &Technau, G. M. (1991) The origin of postembryonic neuroblasts in the ventral nerve cord ofDrosophila melanogaster.Development 111, 79–88.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman, S. A. &Tsuyama, S. (1993) Immunohistochemical study of cell proliferation and differentiation in epidermis of mice after administration of cholera toxin.Arch. Dermatol. Res. 285, 27–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, R. E. &Painter, R. B. (1964) Evidence for repair of ultraviolet damaged deoxyribonucleic acid in cultured mammalian cells.Nature 203, 1360–2.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reddy, K. S., Savage, J. R. &Papworth, D. G. (1988) Replication kinetics of X chromosomes in fibroblasts and lymphocytes.Hum. Genet. 79, 44–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Regan, J. D. &Setlow, R. B. (1971) Two forms of repair in the DNA of human cells damaged by chemical carcinogens and mutagens.Cancer Res. 34, 3318–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reimschuessel, R., Bennett, R. O., May, E. B. &Lipsky, M. M. (1990) Development of newly formed nephrons in the goldfish kidney following hexachlorobutadiene-induced nephrotoxicity.Toxicol. Pathol. 18, 32–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rein, G. &Karasek, M. A. (1992) Factors affecting the growth and maintenance of human skin mast cells in cell culture.Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 98, 211–19.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reitsma, P. H., Rothberg, P. J., Astrin, S. M., Trial, J., Bar-Shavit, Z., Hall, A., Teitelbaum, S. L. &Kahn, A. J. (1983) Regulation of myc gene expression in HL-60 leukemia cells by vitamin D metabolism.Nature 206, 848–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ren, K. Y., Brentjens, J., Chen, Y. X., Brodkin, M. &Noble, B. (1991) Glomerular macrophage proliferation in experimental immune complex nephritis.Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 60, 384–98.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Repka, A. M. &Adler, R. (1992a) Accurate determination of the time of cell birth using a sequential labelling technique with [3H]-thymidine and bromodeoxyuridine (“window labelling”).J. Histochem. Cytochem. 40, 947–53.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Repka, A. &Adler, R. (1992b) Differentiation of retinal precursor cells born in vitro.Dev. Biol. 153, 242–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Risio, M., Lipkin, M., Candelaresi, G., Bertone, A., Coverlizza, S. &Rossini, F. P. (1991) Correlations between rectal mucosa cell proliferation and the clinical and pathological features of nonfamilial neoplasia of the large intestine.Cancer Res. 51, 1971–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rizzoli, R., Baratta, B., Maraldi, N. M., Falconi, M., Galanzi, A., Papa, S., Vitale, M., Rizzi, E., Manzoli, L. &Mazzotti, G. (1992). DNA synthesis progression in 3T3 synchronized fibrolasts: a high resolution approach.Histochemistry 97, 181–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roberson, D. F., Weisleder, P., Bohrer, P. S. &Rubel, E. W. (1992) Ongoing production of sensory cells in the vestibular epithelium of the chick.Hearing Res. 57, 166–74.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robertson, T. A., Maley, M. A., Grounds, M. D. &Papadimitrou, J. M. (1993) The role of macrophages in skeletal muscle regeneration with particular reference to chemotaxis.Exp. Cell Res. 207, 321–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rocha, B., Penit, C., Baron, C., Vasseur, F., Dautigny, N. &Freitas, A. A. (1990) Accumulation of bromodeoxyuridine-labeled cells in central and peripheral lymphoid organs: minimal estimates of production and turnover rates of mature lymphocytes.Eur. J. Immunol. 20, 1697–709.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rode, A., De Taisne, C. &Hartmann, C. (1983) Incorporation of 5-bromodeoxyuridine in the total and ribosomal DNA of synchronously dividing chick embryo fibroblasts.Experientia 39, 1134–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenstein, B. S. &Rosenstein, R. B. (1992) Survival, excision repair and inhibition of DNA synthesis in normal human skin fibroblasts exposed to simulated sunlight.J. Photochem. Photobiol. B. 16, 247–55.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenstein, B. S. &Setlow, R. B. (1980) DNA repair after ultraviolet irradiation of ICR 2A frog cells. Pyrimidine dimers are long acting blocks to nascent DNA synthesis.Biophys. J. 31, 195–205.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenstein, B. S., Setlow, R. B. &Ahmed, F. E. (1980) Use of the dye Hoechst 33258 in a modification of the bromodeoxyuridine photolysis technique for the analysis of DNA repair.Photochem. Photobiol. 31, 215–22.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosette, C. D., De Teresa, P. S., &Pallavicini, M. G. (1990) Simultaneous flow cytometric detection of cellular c-myc protein, incorporated bromodeoxyuridine, and DNA.Cytometry 11, 547–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roy, B., Fujimoto, N. &Ito, A. (1990) Growth-promoting effect of retinoic acid in transplantable pituitary tumor of rat.Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 81, 878–83.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rudulph, N. S. &Latt, S. A. (1989) Flow cytometric analysis of X-ray sensitivity in ataxia telangiectasia.Mutat. Res. 211, 31–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudolph, N. S., Nagasawa, H., Little, J. B. &Latt, S. A. (1989) Identification of ataxia telangiectasia heterozygotes by flow cytometric analysis of X-ray damage.Mutat. Res. 211, 19–29.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Russev, G. &Boulikas, T. (1992) Repair of transcriptionally active and inactive genes during S and G2 phases of the cell cycle.Eur. J. Biochem. 204, 267–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saeter, G., Schwarze, P. E., Nesland, J. M., Juul, N., Pettersen, E. &Seglen, P. O. (1988) The polyploidizing growth pattern of normal rat liver is replaced by divisional, diploid growth in hepatocellular nodules and carcinomas.Carcinogenesis 9, 939–45.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sakamoto, H., Traincard, F., Vo-Quang, T., Ternynck, T., Guesdon, J. L. &Avrameas, S. (1987) 5-Bromodeoxyuridine in vivo labelling of M13 DNA, and its use as a non-radioactive probe for hybridization experiments.Mol. Cell. Probes 1, 109–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sakamoto, S., Mori, T., Singtripop, T., Kawashima, S., Suzuki, S., Kudo, H., Sawaki, K. &Nagasawa, H. (1992) Increase of DNA synthesis in uterine adenomyosis in mice with ectopic pituitary isograft.Acta Anat. (Basel) 145, 162–6.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sandberg, G. &Ernstrom, U. (1991) In vivo stimulation of thymocyte proliferation by thymocyte growth peptide (TGP).Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 13, 649–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, E. J., Prasad, S. &Hu, N. (1993a) The involvement of TGF beta 1 in early avian development: gastrulation and chondrogenesis.Anat. Embryol. (Berl.) 187, 573–81.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, E. J., Varedi, M., &French, A. S. (1993b) Cell proliferation in the gastrulating chick embryo: a study using BrdU incorporation and PCNA localization.Development 118, 389–99.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Santavenere, E., Cataldi, A., Rana, R., Vitale, M., Lisio, R., Di Domenicantonio, L., Zamai, L., Trubiani, O. &Miscia, S. (1991) Nuclear metabolic changes induced by tumor necrosis factor in Daudi lymphoma cells; a multiparametric analysis.Cell Biol. Int. Rep. 15, 1235–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sapino, A., Macri, L., Gugliotta, P. &Bussolati, G. (1990) Evaluation of proliferating cell types in human and mouse mammary gland by a double immunostaining procedure.Acta Histochem. Suppl. 40, 81–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sasaki, K., Murakami, T., Ogino, T., Takahashi, M. &Kawasaki, S. (1986) Flow cytometric estimation of cell cycle parameters using a monoclonal antibody to bromodeoxyuridine.Cytometry 7, 391–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sato, M. &Ahnen, D. J. (1992) Regional variability of colonocyte growth and differentiation in the rat.Anat. Rec. 233, 409–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sato, Y., Tsukada, K., Matsumoto, Y. &Abo, T. (1993) Interferongamma inhibits liver regeneration by stimulating major histocompatibility complex class II antigen expression by regenerating liver.Hepatology 18, 3406–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Savage, M. L., Olah, I., &Scott, T. R. (1992) Plasma cell proliferation in the chicken Harderian gland.Cell Prolif. 25, 337–44.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Savelli, V., Rizzoli, R., Rizzi, E., Galanzi, A., Buffa, A., Rana, R., Lattanzi, G. &Baratta, B. (1991) Cell kinetics of vocal fold epithelium in rats.Boll Soc. Ital. Biol. Sper 67, 1081–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saxe, A. &Gibson, G. (1993) Effect of lithium on incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine and tritiated thymidine into human parathyroid cells.Arch. Surg. 128, 865–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scarpini, E., Kreider, B. Q., Lisak, R. P. &Pleasure, D. E. (1988) Establishment of Schwann cell cultures from adult rat peripheral nerves.Exp. Neurol. 102, 167–76.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scarpini, E., Doronzo, R., Baron, P., Moggio, M., Basellini, A. &Scarlato, G. (1992) Phenotypic and proliferative properties of Schwann cells from nerves of diabetic patients.Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Res. 12, 211–15.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scharfmann, R., Basmaciogullari, A. &Czernichow, P. (1990) Effect of growth hormone and glucose on rat islet cells replication using 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine incorporation.Diabetes Res. 15, 137–41.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scheres, H. M., Schutte, B., De Goij, A. F. &Bosman, F. T. (1990) Estrogen and progesterone receptor expression and proliferation in breast cancer cells, studied with flow cytometry.Acta Histochem. Suppl.40, 71–6.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scheven, B. A., Damen, C. A., Hamilton, N. J., Verhaar, H. J. &Duursma, S. A. (1992) Stimulatory effects of estrogen and progesterone on proliferation and differentiation of normal human osteoblast-like cells in vitro.Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 186, 54–60.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schiffer, D., Giordana, M. T., Vigliani, M. C. &Cavalla, P. (1991) Relationship between glial reaction to a stab wound and tumour development after receiving transplacental ethylnitrosourea in the rat.Acta Neuropathol (Berl.) 83, 30–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schiffer, D., Giordana, M. T., Cavalla, P., Vigliani, M. C. &Attanasio, A. (1993) Immunohistochemistry of glial reaction after injury in the rat: double stainings and markers of cell proliferation.Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 11, 269–80.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schiffers, P. M. H., Janssen, G. M. J., Fazzi, G. E., Struijker-Boudier, H. A. J. &De Mey, J. G. R. (1992) Endothelial modulation of DNA synthesis in isolated arteries of the rat.J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 20, Suppl 12, S124–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schindler, D., Kubbies, M., Priest, R. E., Hoehn, H. &Rabinovitch, P. S. (1988) The phytohemagglutinin response of human peripheral blood lymphocytes as a function of donor age: a re-examination using BrdU-Hoechst flow cytometry.Mech. Ageing Dev. 44, 253–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schittek, B. &Rajewsky, K. (1990) Maintenance of B-cell memory by long-lived cells generated from proliferating precursors.Nature 346, 749–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schittek, B., Rajewsky, K. &Forster, I. (1991) Dividing cells in bone marrow and spleen incorporate bromodeoxyuridine with high efficiency.Eur. J. Immunol. 21, 235–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, M. &Migeon, B. R. (1990) Asynchronous replication of homologous loci on human active and inactive X chromosomes.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 3685–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schultz-Hector, S. &Haghayegh, S. (1993) Beta-fibroblast growth factor expression in human and murine squamous cell carcinomas and its relationship to regional endothelial cell proliferation.Cancer Res. 53, 144–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schutte, B., Reynders, M. M., Bosman, F. T. &Blijham, G. H. (1987) Studies with anti-bromodeoxyuridine antibodies: II. Simultaneous immunocytochemical detection of antigen expression and DNA synthesis by in vivo labeling of mouse intestinal mucosa.J. Histochem. Cytochem 35, 371–374.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scippo, M. L., Dombrowicz, D., Igout, A., Closset, J. &Hennen, G. (1989) A non-radioactive method to detect RNA or DNA using an oligonucleotide probe with bromodeoxyuridine free ends, a monoclonal antibody against bromodeoxyuridine and immunogold silver staining.Arch. Int. Physiol. Biochim. 97, 279–84.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scudiero, D., Henderson, E., Norin, A. &Strauss, B. (1975). The measurement of chemically-induced DNA repair synthesis in human cells by BND cellulose chromatography. Mutat. Res.29, 473–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seifert, R., Zhao, B. &Christ, B. (1992) Cytokinetic studies on the aortic endothelium and limb bud vascularization in avian embryos.Anat. Embryol. (Berl.) 186, 601–10.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sejvar, J. J., Landis, S. C. &Hall, A. K. (1993) SA-1 antigen expression in small intensely fluorescent cells is associated with proliferation.Dev. Biol. 157, 547–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seki, T. &Arai, Y. (1993) Highly polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM-H) is expressed by newly generated granule cells in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat.J. Neurosci. 13, 2351–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Selden, J. R., Dolbeare, F., Clair, J. H., Nichols, W. W., Miller, J. E., Kleemeyer, K. M., Hyland, R. J. &De Luca, J. G. (1993) Statistical confirmation that immunofluorescent detection of DNA repair in human fibroblasts by measurement of bromodeoxyuridine incorporation is stoichiometric and sensitive.Cytometry 14, 154–67.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Selden, J. R., Dolbeare, F., Clair, J. H., Miller, J. E., Mcgettigan, K., Dijohn, J. A., Dysart, G. R. &Deluca, J. G. (1994) Validation of a flow cytometricin vitro rat hepatocyte DNA repair (UDS) assay in rat hepatocytes.Mutat. Res. 315, 147–67.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Selig, S., Okumura, K., Ward, D. C. &Cedar, H. (1992) Delineation of DNA replication time zones by fluorescence in situ hybridization.EMBO J. 11, 1217–25.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Selleck, S. B. &Steller, H. (1991) The influence of retinal innervation on neurogenesis in the first optic ganglion ofDrosophila.Neuron 6, 83–99.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Selleck, S. B., Gonzalez, C., Glover, D. M. &White, K. (1992) Regulation of the G1-S transition in postembryonic neuronal precursors by axon ingrowth.Nature 355, 253–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sellheyer, K., Bickenbach, J. R., Rothnagel, J. A., Bundman, D., Longley, M. A., Krieg, T., Roche, N. S., Roberts, A. B. &Roop, D. R. (1993) Inhibition of skin development by overexpression of transforming growth factor beta 1 in the epidermis of transgenic mice.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 5237–41.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Senger, G., Ragoussis, J., Trowsdale, J. &Sheer, D. (1993) Fine mapping of the human MHC class II region within chromosome band 6p21 and evaluation of probe ordering using interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization.Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 64, 49–53.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seyschab, H., Friedl, R., Schindler, D., Hoehn, H., Rabinovitch, P. S. &Chen, U. (1989) The effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, anti-receptor antibodies and recombinant interferon on mouse B cell cycle progression using 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine/Hoechst 33258 dye flow cytometry.Eur. J. Immunol. 19, 1605–12.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sfondrini, G., Gandini, P., Bovari, M., &Bottone, M. G. (1989) [Histological evaluation of tooth movement using immunocytochemical research]Mondo Ortod. 14, 697–702.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu, A., Tarao, K., Takemiya, S., Harada, M., Inoue, T. &Ono, T. (1988) S-phase cells in diseased human liver determined by an in vitro BrdU-anti-BrdU method.Hepatology 8, 1535–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shinomiya, T. &Ina, S. (1993) DNA replication of histone gene repets inDrosophila melanogaster tissue culture cells: multiple initiation sites and replication pause sites.Mol. Cell. Biol. 13, 4098–110.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sieradzan, K. &Vrbova, G. (1989) Replacement of missing motoneurons by embryonic grafts in the rat spinal cord.Neuroscience 31, 115–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sieradzan, K. &Vrbova, G. (1993) Replacement of missing motoneurons by embryonic grafts in the rat spinal cord.Neuroscience 31, 115–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sieradzan, K. &Vrbova, G. (1993) Observations on the survival of grafted embryonic motoneurons in the spinal cord of developing rats.Exp. Neurol. 122, 223–31.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sinha, Y. N. &Sorenson, R. L. (1993) Differential effects of glycosylated and nonglycosylated prolactin on islet cell division and insulin secretion.Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 203, 123–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sinkus, A., Wachtler, F. &Schwarzacher, H. G. (1980) Random position of human heterochromatin-bearing chromosomes in first and third mitoses of lymphocyte cultures.Hum. Genet. 54, 125–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sinnett, D., Flint, A. &Lalande, M. (1993) Determination of DNA replication kinetics in synchronized human cells using a PCR-based assay.Nuclei Acids Res. 21, 3227–32.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Skaer, H. (1992) Cell proliferation and rearrangement in the development of the Malpighian tubules of the hemipteran,Rhodnius prolixus.Dev. Biol. 150, 372–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, D. A., Townsend, L. E., Glover, J. L., Seymour, M. L. &Reitz-Vick, D. M. (1992) Atrial myocytes cultured from explanted human adult myocardium demonstrate DNA replication.Am. Surg. 58, 577–82.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, P. J., Leech, C. A. &Treherne, J. E. (1984) Glial repair in an insect central nervous system; effects of selective glial disruption.J. Neurosci. 4, 2698–711.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, P. J., Howe, E. A. &Treherne, J. E. (1987) Mechanisms of glial regeneration in an insect central nervous system.J. Exp. Biol. 132, 59.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, P. J., Howes, E. A. &Treherne, J. E. (1990) Cell proliferation in the repairing adult insect central nervous system: incorporation of the thymidine analogue 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine in vivo.J. Cell Sci. 95, 599–604.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sobczak-Thepot, J., Harper, F., Florentin, Y., Zindy, F., Brechot, C. &Puvion, E. (1993) Localization of cyclin A at the sites of cellular DNA replication.Exp. Cell Res. 206, 43–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Soler, A. P., Laughlin, K. V. &Mullin, J. M. (1993) Effects of epidermal growth factor versus phorbol ester on kidney epithelial (LLC-PK1) tight junction permeability and cell division.Exp. Cell Res. 207, 398–406.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sorscher, D. H., Barrett, J. C. &Cordeiro-Stone, M. (1993) Timing of replication of differentially transcribed genes in Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts.Mol. Carcinogen. 8, 28–33.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spack, E. G., Lewis, E. D., Paradowski, B., Schimke, R. T. &Jones, P. P. (1992) Temporal order of DNA replication in the H-2 major histocompatibility complex of the mouse.Mol. Cell. Biol. 12, 5174–88.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava, V., Miller, S. &Busbee, D. (1993) Immunofluorescent evaluation of DNA repair synthesis using interactive laser cytometry.Cytometry 14, 144–53.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Staquet, M. J., De Fraissinette, A., Dezutter-Dambuyant, C., Schmitt, D. &Thivolet, J. (1989) A combined method for detection of cell surface marker expression and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) uptake by epidermal cells in suspension.J. Immunol. Methods 116, 287–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stenius, U. (1993) Different inhibition of DNA synthesis by transforming growth factor beta and phenobarbital on GST-P-positive and GST-P-negative hepatocytes.Carcinogenesis 14, 159–61.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stephenson, C. F., Desai, Z. R., &Bridges, J. M. (1991) The proliferative activity of B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia lymphocytes prior to and after stimulation with TPA and PHA.Leukemia. Res. 15, 1005–12.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stevenson, A. P., Crissman, H. A. &Stewart, C. C. (1985) Macrophage-induced cytostasis: kinetic analysis of bromodeoxyuridine-pulsed cells.Cytometry 6, 578–83.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, H. J., Eccleston, P. A., Jessen, K. R. &Mirsky, R. (1991) Interaction between cAMP elevation, identified growth factors, and serum components in regulating Schwann cell growth.J. Neurosci. Res. 30, 346–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stofer, W. D. &Horn, J. P. (1993) Neurogenesis and differentiation of sympathetic B and C cells in the bullfrog tadpole.J. Neurosci. 13, 801–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Studzinski, G. P. (1989) Oncogenes, growth, and the cell cycle: an overview.Cell Tissue Kinet. 22, 405–24.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki, Y. &Takeda, M. (1991) Basal cells in the mouse olfactory epithelium after axotomy: immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic studies.Cell Tissue Res. 266, 239–45.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki, Y. &Takeda, M. (1993) Basal cells in the mouse olfactory epithelium during development: immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic studies.Dev. Brain Res. 73, 107–13.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Svensson, M. &Aldskogius, H. (1993) Infusion of cytosinearabinoside into the cerebrospinal fluid of the rat brain inhibits the microglial cell proliferation after hypoglossal nerve injury.Glia 7, 286–98.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swales, L. S. &Smith, P. J. (1990) Immunohistochemical localization of the thymidine analogue 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine in insect tissue: preservation of cellular ultrastructure.Tissue Cell 22, 311–17.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swales, L. S., Howes, E. A. &Smith, P. J. (1992) Cell specific DNA-labelling in the repairing blood-brain barrier of the insectPeriplaneta americana.Cell Tissue Res. 267, 535–43.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tabibzadeh, S. S., Satyaswaroop, P. G. &Rao, P. N. (1988) Antiproliferative effect of interferon-gamma in human endometrial epithelial cells in vitro: potential local growth modulatory role in endometrium.J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 67, 131–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tabibzadeh, S., Bhat, U. G. &Sun, X. (1991) Generation of non-radioactive bromodeoxyuridine labeled DNA probes by polymerase chain reaction.Nucleic Acids Res. 19, 2783.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tachibana, H., Inoue, S., Oki, H., Andou, H., Katagiri, T. (1993) Sequence in DNA synthetic phase ratio of spontaneous hypertensive rat (SHR) myocardium — study on development of cardiomegaly.Jpn. Circ. J. 57, 442–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi, T., Nowakowski, R. S., &Caviness, V. S., Jr (1992) BUdR as an S-phase marker for quantitative studies of cytokinetic behaviour in the murine cerebral ventricular zone.J. Neurocytol. 21, 185–97.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi, T., Nowakowski, R. S. &Caviness, V. S. Jr (1993) Cell cycle parameters and patterns of nuclear movement in the neocortical proliferative zone of the fetal mouse.J. Neurosci. 13, 820–33.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takamiya, Y., Kohsaka, S., Toya, S., Otani, M. &Tsukada, Y. (1988) Immunohistochemical studies on the proliferation of reactive astrocytes and the expression of cytoskeletal proteins following brain injury in rats.Brain Res. 466, 201–10.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takemoto, O., Yoshimine, T., Hayakawa, T., Fujita, T., Nakajima, S., Taneda, M. &Mogami, H. (1989) [Astrocytic proliferation in the brain adjacent to infarcted lesion: immunohistochemical study of astroprotein (GFAP) and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)]No To Shinkei 41, 361–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takeno, S., Hamai, Y., Tatsukawa, T., Hamamura, N., Hirakawa, K. &Harada, Y. (1993) [Tissue culture of guinea pig middle ear epithelium-morphological characterization and proliferative activities of cultured cells on fibroblastreorganized collagen gels]Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho 96, 41–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, H., Sukhova, G. K., Swanson, S. J. Clinton, S. K., Ganz, P., Cybulsky, M. I. &Libby, P. (1993) Sustained activation of vascular cells and leukocytes in the rabbit aorta after balloon injury.Circulation 88, 1788–804.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, N., Tatemoto, A., Urabe, T., Ono, M., Hizuta, A., Naomoto, Y., Gotoh, K., Moreira, L. F. &Orita, K. (1993a) Inhibition of liver regeneration in mice following extended hepatectomy by transfusion of lymphokine activated killer cells.Acta Med. Okayama 47, 21–28.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, N., Yamamoto, H., Tatemoto, A., Urabe, T. &Orita, K. (1993b) Regulation of liver regeneration by interleukin-2 and its inhibitors: cyclosporine A and FK 506.Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 15, 211–18.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, Y., Mak, K. M. &Lieber, C. S. (1990) Immunohistochemical detection of proliferating lipocytes in regenerating rat liver.J. Pathol. 160, 129–34.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, Y., Funaki, N., Mak, K. M., Kim, C. &Lieber, C. S. (1991a) Effects of ethanol and hepatic vitamin A on the proliferation of lipocytes in regenerating rat liver.J. Hepatol. 12, 344–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, Y., Nouchi, T., Yamane, M., Irie, T., Miyakawa, H., Sato, C. &Marumo, F. (1991b) Phenotypic modulation in lipocytes in experimental liver fibrosis.J. Pathol. 164, 273–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tarao, K., Shimizu, A., Harada, M., Kuni, Y., Ito, Y., Tamai, S., Iimori, K., Sugimasa, Y., Takemiya, S., Okamoto, T., Motohashi, H., Sairenji, M., Inoue, T. &Kanisawa, M. (1989) Difference in thein vitro uptake of bromodeoxyuridine between liver cirrhosis with and without hepatocellular carcinoma.Cancer 64, 104–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tarao, K., Shimizu, A., Ohkawa, S., Harada, M., Ito, Y., Tamai, S., Kuni, Y., Nagaoka, T. &Hoshino, H. (1991) Increased uptake of bromodeoxyuridine by hepatocytes from early stage of primary biliary cirrhosis.Gastroenterology 100, 725–30.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, J. H. (1960) Asynchronous duplication of chromosomes in cultured cells of Chinese hamster.J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol. 7, 455–64.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tazzari, P. L., Cipone, M., Tassi, C., Bontadini, A., Cremonini, A. M., Gobbi, M., Gentile, G. &Tura, S. (1989) S-phase evaluation with bromodeoxyuridine in lymphocytes from cattle infected with bovine leukemia virus (BLV).Zentralbl. Veterinarmed. [B] 36, 691–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Teragawa, C. K. &Bode, H. R. (1990) Spatial and temporal patterns of interstitial cell migration inHydra vulgaris.Dev. Biol. 138, 63–81.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tezuka, M. (1990) [Cell kinetic study in generating hair tissues in using anti-bromodeoxyuridine monoclonal antibodyl].Nippon Hifuka Gakkai Zasshi 100, 153–61.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tezuka, M., Ito, M., Ito, K. &Sato, Y. (1990) Cell kinetic study of human and mouse hair tissues using anti-bromodeoxyuridine monoclonal antibody.J. Dermatol. Sci. 1, 335–46.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tezuka, M., Ito, M., Ito, K., Tazawa, T., &Sato, Y. (1991) Investigation of germinative cells in generating and renewed anagen hair apparatus in mice using anti- bromodeoxyuridine monoclonal antibody.J. Dermatol. Sci. 2, 434–43.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thiry, M. (1988) Immunoelectron microscope localization of bromodeoxyuridine incorporated into DNA of Ehrlich tumour cell nucleoli.Exp. Cell Res. 179, 204–13.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thiry, M. (1992a) Highly sensitive immunodetection of DNA on sections with exogenous terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and non-isotopic nucleotide analogues.J. Histochem. Cytochem. 40, 411–19.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thiry, M. (1992a) Ultrastructural detection of DNA within the nucleolus by sensitive molecular immunocytochemistry.Exp. Cell Res. 200, 135–44.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thiry, M. &Dombrowicz, D. (1988) Anti-bromodeoxyuridine monoclonal antibody: an alternative tool for the identification of replicated DNA at the electron microscope level.Biol. Cell 62, 99–102.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tischler, A. S., McClain, R. M., Childers, H. &Downing, J. (1991) Neurogenic signals regulate chromaffin cell proliferation and mediate the mitogenic effect of reserpine in the adult rat adrenal medulla.Lab. Invest. 65, 374–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tischler, A. S., Ruzicka, L. A. &Riseberg, J. C. (1992) Immunocytochemical analysis of chromaffin cell proliferation in vitro.J. Histochem. Cytochem. 40, 1043–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Treves, A. J., Barak, V. &Fuks, Z. (1980) Characterization of human lymphocytes which proliferate “spontaneously” in vitro.Eur. J. Immunol. 10, 883–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Truman, J. W. &Bate, M. (1988) Spatial and temporal patterns of neurogenesis in the central nervous system ofDrosophila melanogaster.Dev. Biol. 125, 145–57.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tsuji, H., Fuse, Y., Kawamoto, K., Fujino, H. &Kodama, T. (1989) Healing process of experimental esophageal ulcers induced by acetic acid in rats.Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Suppl.162, 6–10.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsurushima, H., Yuasa, S., Kawamura, K. &Nose, T. (1993) [Migration of donor Purkinje cells in the host adult rat cerebellum]No To Shinkei 45, 255–62.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tucker, J. D., Aulett, A., Cimino, M. C., Dearfield, K. L., Jacobsonkram, D., Tice, R. R. &Carrano, A. V. (1993) Sister-chromatid exchange: second report of the Gene-tox Program.Mutat. Res. 297, 101–80.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Usson, Y. &Humbert, C. (1992) Methods for topographical analysis of intra-nuclear BrdUrd-tagged fluorescence.Cytometry 13, 595–602.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Uyama, S., Kaufmann, P. M., Takeda, T. &Vacanti, J. P. (1993) Delivery of whole liver-equivalent hepatocyte mass using polymer devices and hepatotrophic stimulation.Transplantation 55, 932–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vambutas, A., Di Lorenzo, T. P. &Steinberg, B. M. (1993) Laryngeal papilloma cells have high levels of epidermal growth factor receptor and respond to epidermal growth factor by a decrease in epithelial differentiation.Cancer Res. 53, 910–14.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van Dekken H., Schervish, E. W., Pizzolo, J. G., Fair, W. R. &Melamed, M. R. (1991) Simultaneous detection of fluorescent in situ hybridization and in vivo incorporated BrdU in a human bladder tumour.J. Pathol. 164, 17–22.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van Dierendonck, J. H., Keijzer, R., Van De Veld, C. J. H. &Cornelisse, C. J. (1989) Subdivision of S-phase by analysis of nuclear 5-bromodeoxyuridine staining patterns.Cytometry 10, 143–50.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Dierendonck, J. H., Keijzer, R., Cornelisse, C. J. &Van De Velde, C. J. (1991) Surgically induced cytokinetic responses in experimental rat mammary tumor models.Cancer 68, 759–67.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Haaster, L. H., Dejong, F. H., Docter, R. &Derooij, D. G. (1993) High neonatal triiodothyronine levels reduce the period of Sertoli cell proliferation and accelerate tubular lumen formation in the rat testis, and increase serum inhibin levels.Endocrinology 133, 755–60.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Noorden, C. J. (1995) Effects of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched diets on lipid metabolism in periportal and pericentral compartments of female rat liver lobules and the consequences for cell proliferation after partial hepatectomy.J. Lipid Res. 36, 1708–20.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vassilev, L. &Johnson, E. M. (1989) Mapping initiation sites of DNA replication in vivo using polymerase chain reaction amplification of nascent strand segments.Nucleic Acids Res. 17, 7693–7712.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vassilev, L. &Russev, G. (1988) Purification of nascent DNA chains by immunoprecipitation with anti-BrdU antibodies.Nucleic Acids Res. 16, 10397.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ved Brat, S., Verma, R. S. &Dosik, H. (1981) Sister chromatid differentiation and isolabeling of chromosomes.Hum. Genet. 56, 305–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verstijnen, C. P., Kate, J. T., Arends, J. W., Schutte, B. &Bosman, F. T. (1988) Xenografting of normal colonic mucosa in athymic mice.J. Pathol. 155, 77–85.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vinogradov, A. E., Ezhevsky, S. A., Rosanov, J. M., Kazhdan, I. A. &Zweibach, A. S. (1991) Loosening of cell cycle controls of human lymphocytes under the action of tumour promoter TPA.Cell Prolif. 24, 493–505.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vitale, M., Rizzoli, R., Mazzotti, G., Zamai, L., Galanzi, A., Rizzi, E., Manzoli, L., Matteucci, A. &Papa, S. (1991) Characterization and cell cycle kinetics of hepatocytes during rat liver regeneration: in vivo BrdUrd incorporation analysed by flow cytometry and electron microscopy.Cell Prolif. 24, 331–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vogel, W. &Speit, G. (1986) Cytogenetic replication studies with short thymidine pulses in bromodeoxyuridine-substituted chromosomes of different mouse cell lines.Hum. Genet. 72, 63–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vogel, W., Boldin, S., Reisacher, A. &Speit, G. (1985) Characterization of chromosome replication during S-phase with bromodeoxyuridine labelling in Chinese hamster ovary and HeLa cells.Chromosoma 92, 363–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vogel, W., Autenrieth, M. &Speit, G. (1986) Detection of bromodeoxyuridine-incorporation in mammalian chromosomes by a bromodeoxyuridine-antibody. I. Demonstration of replication patterns.Hum. Genet. 72, 129–32.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vogel, W., Autenrieth, M. &Mehnert, K. (1989) Analysis of chromosome replication by a BrdU antibody technique.Chromosoma 98, 335–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vogel, W., Mehnert, K. &Pentz, S. (1990) Demonstration of chromosome replication by BrdU antibody technique and electron microscopy.Hum. Genet. 84, 237–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vroemen, J. P., Buurman, W. A., Schutte, B., Maessen, J. G., Van Der Linden, C. J. &Kootstra, G. (1988) The cytokinetic behavior of donor hepatocytes after syngenic hepatocyte transplantation into the spleen.Transplantation 45, 600–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wagenaar, G. T. M., Chamuleau, R. A. F. M., Pool, C. W., De Haan, J. G., Maas, M. A. W., Korfage, H. A. M. &Lamers, W. H. (1993) Distribution and activity of glutamine synthase and carbamoylphosphate synthase upon enlargement of the liver lobule by repeated partial hepatectomies.J. Hepatol. 17, 397–407.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wanders, S. L., Ten Kate J., Van Der Linden, E., Derhaag, J., Dinjens, W. N. &Bosman, F. T. (1992) Does ex vivo labelling of proliferating cells in colonic and vaginal mucosa reflect the S-phase fraction in vivo?Histochemistry 98, 267–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Warchol, M. E., Lambert, P. R., Goldstein, B. J., Forge, A. &Corwin, J. T. (1993) Regenerative proliferation in inner ear sensory epithelia from adult guinea pigs and humans.Science 259, 1619–22.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ward, J. M., Henneman, J. R., Osipova, G. &Anisimov, V. N. (1991). Persistence of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine in tissues of rats after exposure in early life.Toxicology 70, 345–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe, T. &Raff, M. C. (1990) Rod photoreceptor development in vitro: intrinsic properties of proliferating neuroepithelial cells change as development proceeds in the rat retina.Neuron 4, 461–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weissman, S. S., Char, D. H., Herbort, C. P., Ostler, H. B. &Kaleta-Michaels, S. (1992) Alteration of human conjunctival epithelial proliferation.Arch. Ophthalmol. 110, 357–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Welberg, J. W., De Vries, E. G., Hardonk, M. J., Mulder, N. H., Harms, G., Grond, J., Zwart, N., Koudstaal, J., De Ley, L. &Kleibeuker, J. H. (1990) Proliferation rate of colonic mucosa in normal subjects and patients with colonic neoplasms: a refined immunohistochemical methods.J. Clin. Pathol. 43, 453–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wemme, H., Pfeifer, S., Heck, R. &Muller-Quernheim, J. (1992) Measurement of lymphocyte proliferation: critical analysis of radioactive and photometric methods.Immunobiology 185, 78–89.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Westermann, J., Ronneberg, S., Fritz, F. J. &Pabst, R. (1989a) Proliferation of lymphocyte subsets in the adult rat: a comparison of different lymphoid organs.Eur. J. Immunol. 19, 1087–93.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Westermann, J., Ronneberg, S., Fritz, F. J. &Pabst, R. (1989b) Proliferation of macrophage subpopulations in the adult rat: comparison of various lymphoid organs.J. Leukocyte Biol. 46, 263–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wheeler, J., Robertson, H., Morley, A. R. &Appleton, D. R. (1993) Anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis (anti-GBM GN) in the mouse: BrdU-labelling indices and histological damage.Int. J. Exp. Pathol. 74, 9–19.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • White, R. A., Fallon, J. F. &Savage, M. P. (1992) On the measurement of cytokinetics by continuous labelling with bromodeoxyuridine with applications to chick wing buds.Cytometry 13, 553–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • White, S. R., Hershenson, M. B., Sigrist, K. S., Zimmermann, A. &Solway, J. (1993) Proliferation of guinea pig tracheal epithelial cells induced by calcitonin gene-related peptide.Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 8, 592–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wiens, D. J., Mann, T. K., Fedderson, D. E., Rathmell, W. K. &Franck, B. H. (1992) Early heart development in the chick embryo: effects of isotretinoin on cell proliferation, alpha-actin synthesis, and development of contractions.Differentiation 51, 105–12.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Willbold, E. &Layer, P. G. (1992) Formation of neuroblastic layers in chicken retinospheroids: the fibre layer of Chievitz secludes AchE-positive cells from mitotic cells.Cell Tissue Res. 268, 401–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, R. G., Smith, A. N. &Bird, C. C. (1990) Immunohistochemical detection of abnormal cell proliferation in colonic mucosa of subjects with polyps.J. Clin. Pathol. 43, 744–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Witzig, T. E., Gonchoroff, N. J., Katzmann, J. A., Therneau, T. M., Kyle, R. A. &Greipp, P. R. (1988) Peripheral blood B cell labelling indices are a measure of disease activity in patients with monoclonal gammopathies.J. Clin. Oncol. 6, 1041–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wolf, H. K. &Michalopoulos, G. K. (1992) Hepatocyte regeneration in acute fulminant and nonfulminant hepatitis: a study of proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression.Hepatology 15, 707–13.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wolf, J. R., Hirschhorn, R. R. &Steiner, S. M. (1992) Growth factor responsiveness: role of MyoD and myogenin.Exp. Cell Res. 202, 105–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wood, J. G., Martin, S. &Price, D. J. (1992) Evidence that the earliest generated cells of the murine cerebral cortex form a transient population in the subplate and marginal zone.Dev. Brain Res. 66, 137–40.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wurm, F. M., Gwinn, K. A. &Kingston, R. E. (1986) Amplification and inducible overproduction of the mouse c-myc protein in mammalian cells.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 5414–18.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yamaguchi, K., Imanishi, K., Maruno, K. Miyake, Y., Shimosato, &Abe, K. (1989) Lung cancer and autocrine growth factors.Chest 96, 9S-31S.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamamoto, M., Fujita, K., Shinkai, T., Yamamoto, K. &Noumura, T. (1992) Identification of the phenotypic modulation of rabbit arterial smooth muscle cells in primary culture by flow cytometry.Exp. Cell Res. 198, 43–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, G., Matocha, M. F. &Rapoport, S. I. (1990) Increased numbers of extra-adrenal chromaffin cells in the abdominal paraganglia of senescent F344 rats: a possible role for the glucocorticoid receptor.Cell Tissue Res. 259, 233–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yao, C. H., Kitazawa, S., Fujimori, T. &Maeda, S. (1993) In situ hybridization at the electron microscopic level using a bromodeoxyuridine labeled DNA probe.Biotech. Histochem. 68, 169–74.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ye, J., Wang, H. M., Ogden, T. E. &Ryan, S. J. (1993) Allotransplantation of rabbit retinal pigment epithelial cells double-labelled with 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and natural pigment.Curr. Eye Res. 12, 629–39.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yen, A., Samuel, V. &Forbes, M. (1992) Regulation of cell proliferation: late down-regulation of c-myb preceding myelomonocytic cell differentiation.J. Cell. Physiol. 153, 147–56.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yokoi, N., Okamoto, S., Akagi, Y., Terubayashi, H., Ibaraki, N., Tsutsumi, M. &Itoi, M. (1988) [Investigation, of the movement and proliferation of basal cells by BrdU immunohistochemistry in control group of diabetic corneal epitheliopathy]Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi 92, 1112–16.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yong, V. W., Kim, S. U., Kim, M. W. &Shin, D. H. (1988) Growth factors for human glial cells in culture.Glia 1, 113–23.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yong, V. W., Tejada-Berges, T., Goodyer, C. G., Antel, J. P. &Yong, F. P. (1992) Differential proliferative response of human and mouse astrocytes to gamma-interferon.Glia 6, 269–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Young, W. G., Zhang, C. Z., Li, H., Osborne, P. &Waters M. J. (1992) The influence of growth hormone on cell proliferation in odontogenic epithelia by bromodeoxyuridine immunocytochemistry and morphometry in the Lewis dwarf rat.J. Dent. Res. 71, 1807–11.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Young, W. G., Zhang, C. Z., Li, H., Lobie, P. E. &Waters, M. J. (1993). A bromodeoxyuridine immunocytochemical and morphometric study of the influence of growth hormone on cell proliferation in odontogenic mesenchyme of the Lewis dwarf rat.Arch. Oral Biol. 38, 207–14.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yu, A. C., Lee, Y. L. &Eng, L. F. (1993) Astrogliosis in culture: I. The model and the effect of antisense oligonucleotides on glial fibrillary acidic protein synthesis.J. Neurosci. Res. 34, 295–303.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yuasa, K., Arai, T. &Yamada, S. (1990) [Histochemical study of proliferating cells in the spleen in mice with acute hepatic injury].Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 87, 989–96.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yuasa, C., Tomita, Y., Shono, M., Ishimura, K. &Ichihara, A. (1993) Importance of cell aggregation for expression of liver functions and regenration demonstrated with primary cultured hepatocytes.J. Cell. Physiol. 156, 522–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zelle, B., Berends, F. &Lohman, P. H. (1980) Repair of damage by ultraviolet radiation in xeroderma pigmentosum cell strains of complementation groups E and F.Mutat. Res. 73, 157–69.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zeymer, U., Fishbein, M. C., Forrester, J. S. &Cercek, B. (1992) Proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunohistochemistry in rat aorta after balloon denudation. Comparison with thymidien and bromodeoxyuridine labelling.Am. J. Pathol. 141, 685–90.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou, T., Bluethmann, H., Eldridge, J., Berry, K. &Mountz, J. D. (1993) Origin of CD4-CD8-B220+ T cells in MRL-lpr/lpr mice. Clues from a T cell receptor beta transgenic mouse.J. Immunol. 150, 3651–67.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Dolbeare, F. Bromodeoxyuridine: a diagnostic tool in biology and medicine, Part III. Proliferation in normal, injured and diseased tissue, growth factors, differentiation, DNA replication sites andin situ hybridization. Histochem J 28, 531–575 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02331377

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02331377

Keywords

Navigation