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Biochemische Aspekte des therapeutischen Schlafentzuges

  • Chapter
Therapeutischer Schlafentzug

Zusammenfassung

Der rasch induzierbare antidepressive Effekt des Schlafentzuges selbst bei schweren depressiven Syndromen stellt in der Depressionstherapie ein besonderes Phänomen dar, welches eine Reihe von biochemischen Studien stimuliert hat. Den Schwerpunkt der bisher vorgelegten Arbeiten bilden dabei endokrinologische Untersuchungen. Diese zielen zum einen auf die Etablierung biologischer Verlaufsparameter, zum anderen sollen die endokrinologischen Befunde als ein „Fenster zum Gehirn“ indirekte Schlüsse auf zerebrale Neurotransmissionsprozesse ermöglichen, wobei allerdings das Verständnis der neuronalen Steuerung des Endokriniums noch unvollständig ist. Die methodischen Fortschritte der letzten Jahre haben aber in der biologischen Psychiatrie auch das Interesse an den zentralnervösen Effekten der Hormone selbst wieder in hohem Maße belebt (Holsboer 1989) und der Aufklärung der Schlafentzugseffekte neue Perspektiven eröffnet. Im folgenden soll ein überblick über die bisher vorgelegten Befunde zu den biochemischen Veränderungen im Rahmen des therapeutischen Schlafentzuges gegeben werden. Entsprechend der Datenlage wird sich die Darstellung vor allem auf die neuroendokrinologischen Ergebnisse konzentrieren. Zum besseren Verständnis wird im folgenden der Tag vor der Schlafentzugsnacht als „Tag 0“, der diesem vorangehende Tag als „Tag -1“, der ihm folgende Tag als „Tag 1“ bezeichnet. Diagnostisch litten die unten beschriebenen Patienten an affektiven Störungen entsprechend dem DSM-III(-R) (APA 1980, 1987) oder den Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC, Spitzer et al. 1978), abweichende Störungsbilder werden gesondert erwähnt.

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  1. Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, D-53105, Bonn, Bundesrepublik Deutschland

    Dr. S. Ruhrmann

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  1. Klinische Abteilung für Allgemeine Psychiatrie, Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie, Wien, Österreich

    Siegfried Kasper

  2. Psychiatrische Klinik, Klinikum Innenstadt, Universität München, Bundesrepublik Deutschland

    Hans-Jürgen Möller

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Ruhrmann, S. (1996). Biochemische Aspekte des therapeutischen Schlafentzuges. In: Kasper, S., Möller, HJ. (eds) Therapeutischer Schlafentzug. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6592-8_14

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