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Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Advanced Imaging Techniques

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Imaging of Soft Tissue Tumors

Abstract

The purpose of this chapter is to review the basic principles and clinical applications of advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of soft tissue tumors, including dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI), diffusion MRI, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. DCE-MRI is a method of physiological imaging, based on ultrafast imaging, with the possibility of following the early enhancement kinetics of a water-soluble contrast agent after intravenous bolus injection. This technique provides clinically useful information, by depicting tissue vascularization and perfusion, capillary permeability, and composition of the interstitial space. Diffusion MRI provides quantitative and qualitative information on tissue cellularity, cell membrane integrity, and the interstitial space. NMR spectroscopy characterizes molecules in soft tissue tumors. The most important advantages of these techniques are their abilities to monitor response to preoperative chemotherapy, to identify areas of viable tumor before biopsy, to differentiate tumor tissue from peritumoral edema, and to provide physiological information for improved tissue characterization and detection of residual or recurrent tumor tissue after therapy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan, 185, 9000, Gent, Belgium

    Koenraad L. Verstraete & J. C. Dutoit

  2. Service de Radiologie B, Hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Centre, 27 rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, Paris, France

    J. L. Drapé

  3. Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Gebouw 1., Postbus 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands

    J. L. Bloem

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  1. Koenraad L. Verstraete
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  2. J. C. Dutoit
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  3. J. L. Drapé
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Correspondence to Koenraad L. Verstraete .

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  1. Dept. of Radiology, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium

    Filip M. Vanhoenacker

  2. Dept. of Radiology, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium

    Paul M. Parizel

  3. Dept. of Radiology, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium

    Jan L. Gielen

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Verstraete, K.L., Dutoit, J.C., Drapé, J.L., Bloem, J.L. (2017). Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Advanced Imaging Techniques. In: Vanhoenacker, F., Parizel, P., Gielen, J. (eds) Imaging of Soft Tissue Tumors. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46679-8_5

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