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Genome evolution in Triticeae

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Chromosomes Today

Abstract

The Triticeae, a tribe of the familyPoaceae (Gramineae)contains about five hundred annual and perennial species, among which the three major cereals, wheat, barley and rye, and a number of forage and pasture grasses are included. Wild species of the tribe are valuable sources of germplasm that can be used for gene introgression due to the many possibilities for interspecific and intergeneric hybridisation. Diploid species diverged from a common ancestor with a basic number of x = 7 chromosomes. Many species of the tribe are polyploids. The polyploid species consist of autopolyploids that evolved through genome duplication or allopolyploids that arose after hybridisation between different species. The existence of autopolyploid species of various ploidy level and the complexity of allopolyploids with several genomes involved, in addition to the possible existence of recurrent polyploidisation, make it difficult to understand the phylogenetic structure of the whole tribe. Gene trees based on three nuclear loci and the chloroplast genome led to a reconstruction of the phylogeny of genera with diploid species [1]. The common ancestor of the Triticeae gave rise to the lineage leading to presentdayCritesion Hordeum andPsathyrostachys. The genusSecale diverged next. Subsequent divergence resulted in two branches, one leading toPseudoroegneria Agropyron andAustralopyrum and the other leading toAegilops Crithopsis Lophopyrum Taeniatherum and Thinopyrum (the “ACTL clade”). Diploid species of the genus Triticum are assumed to have generated from introgression that occurred between a member of the ACTL clade and an early-diverg-ing member of the tribe, perhaps one closely related to Secale.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, 28040, Spain

    Belén Maestra & Tomás Naranjo

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  1. Belén Maestra
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  2. Tomás Naranjo
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Istituto di Biologia e Genetica, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, 60131, Italy

    Ettore Olmo

  2. Dipartimento di Biologia animale / Centro di Studio per l’Istochimica — CNR, University of Pavia, Piazza Botta 9, Pavia, 27100, Italy

    Carlo Alberto Redi

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Maestra, B., Naranjo, T. (2000). Genome evolution in Triticeae. In: Olmo, E., Redi, C.A. (eds) Chromosomes Today. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8484-6_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8484-6_12

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-9587-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-8484-6

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