Summary
The chromosomes of the tetraploid wheats Triticum timopheevi (Genome AAGG) and T. araraticum (Genome AAGG) were C-banded at mitosis. The identity of the banded and unbanded chromosomes was then established by firstly making comparisons with the hexaploid species T. zhukovskyi which has the genome formula AAAAGG. Secondly, the meiotic pairing in F1 hybrids between T. timopheevi and diploid wheats was examined by means of C-banding. The results showed that the banded chromosomes belonged to the G genome, while the unbanded chromosomes belonged to the A genome. Only one of the two pairs of satellited chromosomes had strong heterochromatic bands. The relationship between the genomes of T. timopheevi and T. dicoccum (Genome AABB) was then assessed at meiosis in hybrids between these species, using the techniques of C-banding and in situ hybridisation of a cloned ribosomal RNA gene probe. It was concluded that there were differences both in the amount and distribution of heterochromatin and also translocation differences between the species.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature
Belea, A.; Fejér, O. (1980): Evolution of wheat (Triticum L.) in respect to recent research. Acta. Agron. Acad. Sci. Hung. 29, 306–315
Bowden, M.W. (1959): The taxonomy and nomenclature of wheats, barley and ryes and their wild relatives. Can. J. Bot. 37, 657–684
Bozzini, A.; Giorgi, B. (1969): Karyotype analysis in Triticum. II. Analysis of T. araraticum Jakubz. and T. timopheevi Zhuk. and their relationships with other tetraploid wheats. Caryologia 22, 260–268
Dvořák, J.; McGuire, P.E. (1981): Non-structural chromosome differentiation among wheat cultivars, with special reference to differentiation of chromosomes in related species. Genetics 97, 391–414
Feldman, M. (1966): Identification of unpaired chromosomes in F1 hybrids involving T. aestivum and T. timopheevi. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 8, 144–151
Flavell, R.B.; O'Dell, M. (1976): Ribosomal RNA genes on homoeologous chromosomes of groups 5 and 6 in hexaploid wheat. Heredity 37, 377–385
Flavell, R.B.; O'Dell, M. (1979): The genetic control of nucleolus formation in wheat. Chromosoma 71, 135–152
Gerlach, W.L. (1977): N-banded karyotypes of wheat species. Chromosoma 62, 49–56
Gerlach, W.L.; Bedbrook, (1979): Cloning and characterization of ribosomal RNA genes from wheat and barley. Nucleic Acids Res. 7, 1869–1886
Gerlach, W.L.; Miller, T.E. Flavell, R.B. (1980): The nucleolus organizers of diploid wheats revealed by in situ hybridisation. Theor. Appl. Genet. 58, 97–100
Gill, B.S.; Kimber, G. (1974): Giemsa C-banding and the evolution of wheat. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 71, 4086–4090
Hutchinson, J.; Chapman, V.; Miller T.E. (1980): Chromosome pairing at meiosis in hybrids between Aegilops and Secale species: A study by in situ hybridisation using cloned DNA. Heredity 45, 245–254
Hutchinson, J.; Miller, T.E. (1982): The nucleolar organisers of tetraploid and hexaploid wheats revealed by in situ hybridisation. Theor. Appl. Genet. 61, 285–288
John, B.; Miklos, G.L.G. (1979): Functional aspects of satellite DNA and heterochromatin. Int. Rev. Cytol. 58, 1–114
Kawahara, J.; Tanaka, M. (1977): Six chromosome types in Triticum araraticum Jakubz. differing with reciprocal translocations. Japn. J. Genet. 52, 261–267
Kostoff, D. (1937): Chromosome behaviour in Triticum hybrids and allied genera. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 5, 231–236
Lilienfeld, F.; Kihara, H. (1934): Genomeanalyse bei Triticum u. Aegilops V. Triticum timopheevi. Cytologia 6, 87–122
Love, R.M. (1941): Chromosome behaviour in F1 wheat hybrids. I Pentaploids. Can. J. Research 19, 351–369
Miller, T.E.; Gerlach, W.L.; Flavell, R.B. (1980): Nucleolus organiser variation in wheat and rye revealed by in situ hybridisation. Heredity 45, 377–382
Sachs, L. (1953): Chromosome behaviour with species hybrids with Triticum timopheevi. Heredity 7, 49–58
Seal, A.G.; Bennett, M.D. (1981): The rye genome in winter hexaploid triticales. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 23, 647–653
Sears, E.R. (1975): A Triticum timopheevi chromosome homoeologous to T. aestivum chromosome 6B. In: XII Int. Bot. Congr. II, p. 512
Upadhya, M.D.; Swaminathan, M.S. (1963): Genome analysis in Triticum zhukovskyi, a new hexaploid wheat. Chromosoma 14, 589–600
Wagenaar, E.B. (1966): Studies on the genome constitution of of metaphase I in hybrids between T. timopheevi and T. durum. Can. J. Bot. 39, 81–108
Wagenaar, E.B. (1966): Studies on the genome constitution of T. timopheevi II The timopheevi complex and its origin. Evolution 20, 150–164
Zurabishvili, T.G.; Badaev, N.S.; Iordansky, A.B. (1978): Linear differentiation of cereal chromosomes II. Polyploid wheats. Theor. Appl. Genet. 51, 201–210
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by R. Riley
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hutchinson, J., Miller, T.E., Jahier, J. et al. Comparison of the chromosomes of Triticum timopheevi with related wheats using the techniques of C-banding and in situ hybridization. Theoret. Appl. Genetics 64, 31–40 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00303647
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00303647