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Generation of Functional Islets from Human Umbilical Cord and Placenta Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Somatic Stem Cells

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 879))

Abstract

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have been used for allogeneic application in tissue engineering but have certain drawbacks. Therefore, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from other adult tissue sources have been considered as an alternative. The human umbilical cord and placenta are easily available noncontroversial sources of human tissue, which are often discarded as biological waste, and their collection is noninvasive. These sources of MSCs are not subjected to ethical constraints, as in the case of embryonic stem cells. MSCs derived from umbilical cord and placenta are multipotent and have the ability to differentiate into various cell types crossing the lineage boundary towards endodermal lineage. The aim of this chapter is to provide a detailed reproducible cookbook protocol for the isolation, propagation, characterization, and differentiation of MSCs derived from human umbilical cord and placenta with special reference to harnessing their potential towards pancreatic/islet lineage for utilization as a cell therapy product. We show here that mesenchymal stromal cells can be extensively expanded from umbilical cord and placenta of human origin retaining their multilineage differentiation potential in vitro. Our report indicates that postnatal tissues obtained as delivery waste represent a rich source of mesenchymal stromal cells, which can be differentiated into functional islets employing three-stage protocol developed by our group. These islets could be used as novel in vitro model for screening hypoglycemics/insulin secretagogues, thus reducing animal experimentation for this purpose and for the future human islet transplantation programs to treat diabetes.

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Abbreviations

FACS:

Fluorescence activated cell sorting

hPDMSCs:

Human placenta mesenchymal stem cells

hUCMSCs:

Human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells

ICCs:

Islet-like cell clusters

IPGTT:

Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test

PBS:

Phosphate buffer saline

PFA:

Paraformaldehyde

STZ:

Streptozotocin

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Acknowledgment

The authors wish to thank the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India for providing Research Fellowship to Sachin Kadam under the project entitled “Harnessing the potential of adult human stem cells: Differentiation/transdifferentiation of stem cells from pancreatic and nonpancreatic sources of human origin” and Padmashree Dr. G. C. Mishra Director, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India for providing research facilities to carry out experimental work at NCCS. Thanks are also due to Mr. Manohar, President of Stempeutics Research Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore, India and Mr Madhu Kumar, Country Manager, Stempeutics Research Malaysia Sdn Bhd, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia for providing facility and encouragement to carry out part of present work at Malaysia lab.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai, MS, India

    Sachin Kadam

  2. Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Domlur Layout, Bangalore, India

    Vijayendran Govindasamy & Ramesh Bhonde

Authors
  1. Sachin Kadam
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  2. Vijayendran Govindasamy
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  3. Ramesh Bhonde
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ramesh Bhonde .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, National Cancer Institute, Center Drive 31, Frederick, 21702, Maryland, USA

    Shree Ram Singh

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Kadam, S., Govindasamy, V., Bhonde, R. (2012). Generation of Functional Islets from Human Umbilical Cord and Placenta Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. In: Singh, S. (eds) Somatic Stem Cells. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 879. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-815-3_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-815-3_17

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-61779-814-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-61779-815-3

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