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Islet Cell Development

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The Islets of Langerhans

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 654))

Abstract

Over the last years, there has been great success in driving stem cells toward insulin-expressing cells. However, the protocols developed to date have some limitations, such as low reliability and low insulin production. The most successful protocols used for generation of insulin-producing cells from stem cells mimic in vitro pancreatic organogenesis by directing the stem cells through stages that resemble several pancreatic developmental stages. Islet cell fate is coordinated by a complex network of inductive signals and regulatory transcription factors that, in a combinatorial way, determine pancreatic organ specification, differentiation, growth, and lineage. Together, these signals and factors direct the progression from multipotent progenitor cells to mature pancreatic cells. Later in development and adult life, several of these factors also contribute to maintain the differentiated phenotype of islet cells. A detailed understanding of the processes that operate in the pancreas during embryogenesis will help us to develop a suitable source of cells for diabetes therapy. In this chapter, we will discuss the main transcription factors involved in pancreas specification and β-cell formation.

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Acknowledgments

I thank members of my lab for their helpful comments on the manuscript. Experimental work in my lab is supported by grants from Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica (SAF2006-06673, SAF2007/60105), from Junta de Andalucía (CTS576, PI-0095/2007, PI-0009/06, PI-0022/2008), and from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (TERCEL RD06/0010/0025, CIBERDEM, PI080018).

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  1. Andalusian Center of Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), CIBERDEM, 41092, Seville, Spain

    Anabel Rojas, Adrian Khoo, Juan R. Tejedo, Francisco J. Bedoya & Bernat Soria

  2. CABIMER, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seville, Spain

    Franz Martín

  3. CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain

    Franz Martín

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  1. Anabel Rojas
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  2. Adrian Khoo
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  3. Juan R. Tejedo
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  4. Francisco J. Bedoya
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  5. Bernat Soria
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  6. Franz Martín
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Correspondence to Franz Martín .

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  1. Dept. Clinical Research & Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 118 83, Sweden

    Md. Shahidul Islam

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Rojas, A., Khoo, A., Tejedo, J.R., Bedoya, F.J., Soria, B., Martín, F. (2010). Islet Cell Development. In: Islam, M. (eds) The Islets of Langerhans. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 654. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3271-3_4

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