Skip to main content

Evolutionary Genetics and the Genetic Control of Morphogenesis in Flowering Plants

  • Chapter
Evolutionary Biology

Abstract

There are good reasons why the importance of developmental biology for an understanding of evolution had to be rediscovered recently (Gould, 1977; Løvtrup, 1981; Bonner, 1982). The Synthetic Theory of Evolution had been built up on the demonstration that natural populations contain an immense amount of genetic variation that could fully account for the morphological variation studied by naturalists (Mayr and Provine, 1980). This central achievement of the Synthetic Theory had to be defended against a false picture of genetic evolution due to rare mutations with major, often deleterious effects. The creative force in evolution undoubtedly is not mutation pressure, but selection. To support this statement, the store of genetic variation in natural populations had to be characterized, and it had to be shown that steady selection pressure could slowly and gradually alter characters by accumulating small additive effects of many genes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Allsopp, A., 1965, Heteroblastic development of cormophytes, in: Handbuch der Pflanzenphysiologie, Vol. XV (W. Ruhland, ed.), Part 1, pp. 1171–1221, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Babcock, E. B., 1947, The Genus Crepis, University of California Publications in Botany Vol. 21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bachmann, K., and Chambers, K. L., 1978, Pappus part number in annual species of Microseris (Compositae, Cichoriaceae), Plant Syst. Evol. 129:119–134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bachmann, K., and Chambers, K. L., 1981, Genes regulating the appearance of two kinds of fruit in Microseris strain B87 (Asteraceae: Compositae), Experientia 37:29–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bachmann, K., and Price, H. J., 1979, Variability of the inflorescence of Microseris laciniata (Compositae: Cichorieae), Plant Syst. Evol. 131:17–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bachmann, K., Chambers, K. L., and Price, H. J., 1979, Genome size and phenotypic evolution in Microseris (Compositae, Cichoriaceae), Plant Syst. Evol. (Suppl.) 2:41–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bachmann, K., Chambers, K. L., and Price, H. J., 1981, Genetic determination of pappus part number in the annual hybrid Microseris B87 (Asteraceae, Lactuceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 138:235–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bachmann, K., Chambers, K. L., Price, H. J., and König, A., 1982, Four additive genes determining pappus part numbers in Microseris annual hybrid C34 (Asteraceae. Lactuceae), Plant Syst. Evol. 141:123–141.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bachmann, K., Chambers, K. L., and Price, H. J., in press, Genome size and natural selection: Observations and experiments in plants, in: Natural Selection and Genomic DNA (T. Cavalier-Smith, ed.) Academic, London, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonner, J. T., 1982. Introduction, in: Evolution and Development (J. T. Bonner ed.), pp. 1–16, Springer-Verlag, New York.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Bradshaw, A. D., 1965. Evolutionary significance of phenotypic plasticity in plants. Adv. Genet. 13:115–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Britten, R. J., and Davidson, E. H., 1969, Gene regulation for higher cells: A theory, Science 165:349–358.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Britten, R. J., and Davidson, E. H., 1971, Repetitive and non-repetitive DNA sequences and a speculation on the origins of evolutionary novelty, Q. Rev. Biol. 46:111–138.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chambers, K. L., 1955, A biosystematic study of the annual species of Microseris, Contrib. Dudley Herb. 4:207–312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chambers, K. L., 1963, Amphitropical species pairs in Microseris and Agoseris (Compositae: Cichorieae), Q. Rev. Biol. 38:124–140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Christoffersen, R. E., Warm, E., and Laties, G. G., 1982, Gene expression during fruit ripening in avocado, Planta 155:52–57.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cleland, R. E., 1970, The missing petal character in Oenothera and its relation to the cruciate character, Am. J. Bot. 57:850–855.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cook, C. D. K., 1966, A monographic study of Ranunculus Subgenus Batrachium (DC) A. Gray. Mitt. Bot. Staatssaml. Muench. 6:47–237.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook, S. A., and Johnson, M. P., 1968, Adaptation to heterogenous environments. I. Variation in heterophylly in Ranunculus flammula L., Evolution 22:496–516.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, E. H., 1982, Evolutionary change in genomic regulatory organization: Speculations on the origins of novel biological structure, in: Evolution and Development (J. T. Bonner, ed.), pp. 65–84, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Deschamp, P., and Cooke, T. J., 1982, Pattern of leaf development in the aquatic angiosperm Callitriche heterophylla Pursh., Bot. Soc. Am. Misc. Ser. Publ. 162:12 (abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dooner, H. K., 1979, Identification of an R locus region that controls the tissue specificity of anthocyanin formation in maize, Genetics 93:703–710.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fick, G. N., 1976, Genetics of floral color and morphology in sunflowers, J. Hered. 67:227–230.

    Google Scholar 

  • Franck, D. H., 1976, Comparative morphology and early leaf histogenesis of adult and juvenile leaves of Darlingtonia californica and their bearing on the concept of heter-ophylly, Bot. Gaz. 137:20–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gerisch, G., 1976, Cyclic-AMP oscillation and signal transmission in aggregating Dictyostelium cells, in: The Molecular Basis of Circadian Rhythms (J. W. Hastings and H.-G. Schweiger, eds.), pp. 433–440. Abakon, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, R. B., G. Hoschek, S. H. Tarn, G. S. Ditta, and R. W. Breidenbach, 1981, Abundance, diversity, and regulation of mRNA sequence sets in soybean embryoge-nesis, Dev. Biol. 83:201–217.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gorter, Christine J., 1965, Origin of fasciation, in: Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, Vol. XV (W. Ruhland, ed.), Part II, pp. 330–351, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gottschalk, W., 1971, Die Bedeutung der Genmutation für die Evolution der Pflanzen, Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gould, S. J., 1977, Ontogeny and Phylogeny, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, Paul B., 1980, Organogenesis—A biophysical view. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 31:51–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hahlbrock, K., Knobloch, K., Kreuzaler, J. R., Potts, R. M., and Wellmann, E., 1976, Coordinated induction and subsequent activity changes of two groups of metabolically interrelated enzymes, Eur. J. Biochem. 61:199–206.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Halperin, W., 1978, Organogenesis at the shoot apex, Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 29:239–262.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heslop-Harrison, J., 1967, Differentiation, Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 18:325–348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ho, T.-H. D., 1979, Hormonal control of gene expression, in: Physiological Genetics (J. G. Scandalios, ed.), pp. 109–139, Academic, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofmeister, W., 1868, Allgemeine Morphologie der Gewächse, Engelmann, Leipzig.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huether, C.A., 1968, Exposure of natural genetic variability underlying the pentamerous corolla constancy in Linanthus androsaceus ssp. androsaceus, Genetics 60:123–146.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huether, C. A., 1969, Constancy of the pentamerous corolla phenotype in natural populations of Linanthus, Evolution 23:572–588.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Irmler, C., Bachmann, K., Chambers, K. L., Price, H. J., and König, A., 1983, Enzymes and quantitative morphological characters compared between the allotetraploid Microseris decipiens and its diploid parental species, Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 57:269–289.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jellinghaus, U., Schätzle, U., Schmid, W., and Roewekamp, W., 1982, Transcription of a Dictyostelium discoidin-I gene in yeast. Alternative promotor sites used in two different eucaryotic cells, J. Mol. Biol. 159:623–636.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaufmann, T. C., and Wakimoto, B. T., 1982, Genes that control high level developmental switches, in: Evolution and Development (J. T. Bonner, ed.), pp. 189–205, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, B., and Reches, S., 1977, Structural and functional changes of chromosomal DNA during aging and phase change in plants, Chromosomes Today 6:237–246.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • King, M.-C., and Wilson, A., 1975, Evolution at two levels in humans and chimpanzees, Science, 188:107–116.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, C. W., Crickson, H. T., and Janick, J., 1976, Inheritance of cleistogamy in Salpiglossis sinuata, J. Hered. 67:267–270.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewontin, R. C., 1974, The Genetic Basis of Evolutionary Change, Columbia University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindenmayer, A., 1978, Algorithms for plant morphogenesis, in: Theoretical Plant Morphology (R. Sattler, ed.,), pp. 37–81, Leiden University Press, The Hague.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lord, E. M., 1981, Cleistogamy: A tool for the study of floral morphogenesis, function and evolution, Bot. Rev. 47:421–449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Løvtrup, S., 1981, Introduction to evolutionary epigenetics, in: Evolution Today. Proceedings of the Second International Congress of Systematic and Evolutionary Biology (G. G. E. Scudder and J. L. Reveal, eds.), pp. 139–144, Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mauthe, S., Bachmann, K., Chambers, K. L., and Price, H. J., 1982, Variability of the inflorescence among populations of Microseris laciniata (Asteraceae, Lactuceae), Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 56:25–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayers, A., and Lord, E. M., 1982, Comparative floral morphogenesis in the cleistogamous species Viola odorata L., Bot. Soc. Am. Misc. Ser. Publ. 162:18 (abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayr, E., and Provine, W. B., (eds.), 1980, The Evolutionary Synthesis. Perspectives on the Unification of Biology, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meinhardt, H., 1978, Space dependent cell determination under the control of a morphogen gradient, J. Theor. Biol. 74:307–321.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchison, G. J., 1977, Phyllotaxis and the Fibonacci series, Science 196:270–275.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nei, M., 1975 Molecular Population Genetics and Evolution, American Elsevier, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Piternick, L. K. (ed.), 1980, Richard Goldschmidt: Controversial Geneticist and Creative Biologist, Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pomplitz, R., 1956, Die Heteromorphie der Früchte von Calendula arvensis unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Stellungs-und Zahlenverhältnisse, Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 32:331–369.

    Google Scholar 

  • Popham, R. A., and Chan, A. P., 1952. Origin and development of the receptacle of Chrysanthemum morifolium. Am. J. Bot. 39:329–339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rendel, J. M., 1967, Canalization and Gene Control. Logos Press and Academic Press. London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rendel, J. M., 1977, Canalization in quantitative genetics, in: Proceedings International Conference on Quantitative Genetics (E. Pollack, O. Kempthorne, and Th. B. Bailey, Jr., eds.), pp. 23–28, Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rendel, J. M., 1979. Canalization and selection, in: Quantitative Genetic Variation (J. N. Thompson and J. M. Thoday, eds.), pp. 139–156, Academic, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richards, F. J., 1951, Phyllotaxis: Its quantitative expression and relation to growth in the apex, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London 235:509–564.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richter, P. H., and Schranner, R., 1978, Leaf arrangement: Geometry, morphogenesis and classification, Naturwissenschaften 65:319–327.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scandalios, J. G., and Baum, J. A., 1982, Regulatory gene variation in higher plants, Adv. Genet. 21:347–370.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schäffner, K.-H., and Nagl, W., 1979, Differential DNA replication involved in transition from juvenile to adult phase in Hedera helix (Araliaceae), Plant Syst. Evol. (Suppl.) 2:105–110.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, R., and Schöpfer, P., 1982, Sequential control of phytochrome-mediated synthesis de novo of ß-amylase in the cotyledons of mustard (Sinapsis alba L.) seedlings, Planta 155:183–189.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sinnott, E. W., 1935, Evidence for the existence of genes controlling shape, Genetics 20:12–21.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, H., Billett, E. E., and Giles, A. B., 1977, The photocontrol of gene expression in higher plants, in: Regulation of Enzyme Synthesis and Activity in Higher Plants (H. Smith, ed.), pp. 93–127, Academic, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Snow, R., 1955, Problems of phyllotaxis and leaf determination, Endeavour, 1955:190–199.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stebbins, G. L., 1967, Adaptive radiation and trends of evolution in higher plants. Evol. Biol. 1:101–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stubbe, H., 1966, Genetik und Zytologie von Antirrhinum L., sect. Antirrhinum, Gustav Fischer, Jena.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Nigtevecht, G., 1966, Genetic studies in dioecious Melandrium I. Sex-linked and sex-influenced inheritance in Melandrium album and Melandrium dioicum, Genetics 37:281–306.

    Google Scholar 

  • Varner, J. E., and Ho, D. T.-H., 1977, Hormonal control of enzyme activity in higher plants, in: Regulation of Enzyme Synthesis and Activity in Higher Plants (H. Smith, ed.), pp. 83–92, Academic, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Veen, A. H., and Lindenmayer, A., 1977, Diffusion mechanism for phyllotaxis, Plant Physiol. 60:127–139.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waddington, C. H., 1940, Organizers and Genes, Cambridge University Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wardlaw, C. W., 1968, Morphogenesis in Plants, Methuen, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wareing, P. F., 1971, Some aspects of differentiation in plants. in: Control Mechanisms of Growth and Differentiation (D. D. Davies and M. Baees, eds.) pp. 323–344, Cambridge University Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, R. F., 1975, The Shoot Apex and Leaf Growth, Cambridge University Press, London.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Wolk, C. P., 1979, Intercellular interactions and pattern formation in filamentous cyano-bacteria, in: Determinants of Spatial Organization (S. Subtelny and I. R. Königsberg, eds.), pp. 247–266, Academic, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolpert, L., 1982, Pattern formation and change, in: Evolution and Development (J. T. Bonner, ed.), pp. 169–188, Springer-Verlag, New York.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Young, D. A., 1978, On the diffusion theory of phyllotaxis. J. Theor. Biol. 71:421–432.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Young, R. A., Hagenbüchle, O., and Schibier, U., 1981, A single mouse α-amylase gene specifies two different tissue-specific mRNAs, Cell 23:451–458.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1983 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bachmann, K. (1983). Evolutionary Genetics and the Genetic Control of Morphogenesis in Flowering Plants. In: Hecht, M.K., Wallace, B., Prance, G.T. (eds) Evolutionary Biology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6971-8_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6971-8_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4615-6973-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-6971-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics